Diseases of room chrysanthemum. Light regime for potted chrysanthemums

Home chrysanthemum, due to its high decorative qualities, variety of colors and ease of care, has long gained popularity among flower growers.

Modern varieties of chrysanthemums amaze the imagination with abundant flowering, beautiful chamomile or double flowers.

Meanwhile, breeders from all over the world are working to create more and more new varieties of chrysanthemums.

With the onset of winter these ornamental plants begin to delight with bright, saturated colors of their inflorescences. It is not surprising that flower growers very often acquire blooming compact chrysanthemums, which can be grown on their windowsills without any problems. Indoor chrysanthemums easily reproduce at home, bloom for a long time and profusely and, in comparison with other indoor plants, are absolutely undemanding in care and have good resistance to various diseases and pests.

In their natural habitat, chrysanthemums grow in open ground, however, thanks to the efforts of breeders, many undersized and compact varieties have been bred to date, specially designed for growing in pots. Some of the most popular indoor varieties of chrysanthemums are Golden Gloria, Old Gold, Gustav Grunwald, Morifolium and others.

Home chrysanthemum Features of care after purchase

When buying a room chrysanthemum, special attention should be paid to its appearance. The plant must be strong and healthy, make sure that there are no diseases and pests, otherwise an infected chrysanthemum can cause a lot of trouble to its owner, infecting existing plants, and in especially difficult cases even die.

The purchased specimen should be placed away from other green pets for several weeks. Only after the end of this period, making sure that the home chrysanthemum is healthy and does not pose a danger to the health of other plants, it can be put on permanent place a habitat. Otherwise, caring for a room chrysanthemum will require minimal effort.

To preserve its decorative appearance and prolong flowering, it is enough to water it regularly and cut dried leaves and flowers in time.

Caring for room chrysanthemum

Indoor chrysanthemum is a short-day culture that requires a fairly cool content for growth and development. Chrysanthemums feel best with the onset of autumn, when the duration daylight hours decreases and the temperature decreases. These ornamental plants begin to bloom just at the time when the day length does not exceed 8 hours.

In the conditions of an apartment, home chrysanthemum feels good at a temperature of 18-20C. With warmer air, they begin to bloom poorly, despite even the most careful care. The buds appear, but they quickly bloom and wither just as quickly, the leaves begin to dry. If the chrysanthemum has formed too many buds, and you need to speed up the flowering process, then in this case it is necessary to remove some of the ovaries: this will help the buds open faster, and the blooming flowers will be larger in size.

After the end of flowering, you should prune the room chrysanthemum and put it for the winter in a cold place where the air temperature would not exceed 3-5 C. With the onset of spring, homemade chrysanthemum should be transplanted into a fresh substrate. This plant does not need to meet any strict soil acidity standards, but its reaction should not be too acidic.

Home chrysanthemum grows very well and develops in a loose, breathable, fertile substrate. To prepare it, it is enough to mix humus, garden soil, turf soil and slightly decomposed peat in equal volumes. In order for a beautiful bush to form in the future, the growing shoots of chrysanthemums must be cut several times, and the resulting cuttings must be rooted.

A common mistake of flower growers is just the fact that they regret and do not prune the plant during its active growth. As a result, a bare long chrysanthemum with very poor flowering grows. Young chrysanthemums and rooted cuttings that have just begun to grow need weekly top dressing with complex mineral fertilizer. It is also necessary to feed adult plants with the onset of a period of active growth and flowering.

Chrysanthemum must be protected from the bright sun, however, a gloomy room is not the best option for this flower. It is best for him to choose a cool and bright window. With the onset of the first warm days and before the onset of autumn frosts, it is best to take a pot of chrysanthemum to the garden or balcony.

Home chrysanthemum needs regular watering. Drying out of the earth is harmful to this plant. It is necessary to constantly ensure that the earthen lump in the pot is always slightly moistened.

Home chrysanthemum: diseases and pests

As soon as insect pests (aphids, soil flies, thrips) appeared on the plant, not only each of its leaves, but also the soil layer should be treated with any insecticide (karbofos, actellik, decis, topaz). In the insecticide diluted according to the instructions, you can add a little soapy solution and carefully spray the whole plant with it.

After the solution has dried up, it continues its action without causing any harm to the chrysanthemum. Most often, indoor chrysanthemum is attacked by pests if bouquets of flowers are often brought home and placed next to the plant. It is possible that in the warm season some types of pests fly into an open unprotected window and infect houseplants.

In order for the home chrysanthemum to please with its long and abundant flowering for as long as possible, it is necessary to cut the wilted flowers in a timely manner and carefully pluck out the yellowed leaves. With proper care, this indoor plant retains its high decorative qualities for a long time.

Chrysanthemum in a pot home care

Chrysanthemums are called perennial and annual plants, flowers belong to the Asteraceae family. Those who want to breed them at home have many questions regarding the intricacies of maintenance and care. Now we will try to give the most complete answers to the most important of them.

Indoor chrysanthemum home care photo

Caring for chrysanthemums of any variety is based on several rules. These include:

maintaining optimal temperature conditions;
maintaining a suitable level of illumination in the room;
regular and sufficient watering, systematic spraying (to increase air humidity).

Chrysanthemum indoor care and temperature

This plant cannot be called too thermophilic, since for its good growth the ideal temperature range is considered to be:

in winter - + 3-8 °;
summer - +20-23°;
in the autumn-spring period - + 15-18 ° С. In such conditions, many buds are usually tied on the bushes, and flowering promises to be plentiful and long.

Chrysanthemum indoor home care: lighting

Vases with flowers should ideally be placed on the windowsills on the west or east side. Since from the south - the plant can wither from excess heat and sunlight, and on the north - heat-loving chrysanthemums simply will not bloom. Great option- place the pots in a fairly cool place, for example, on a balcony with suitable lighting.

Chrysanthemum care: watering features

It is not recommended to fill flowers with water. Also, you do not need to pour liquid directly into the pan. Watering time is determined by how the topsoil in the pots dries out. Regular spraying, installing a special humidifier next to the flowers or just a container of water will help maintain a normal level of moisture in the air.

Chrysanthemum home care: winter storage

AT winter period plants need rest before the next growth phase. In order for chrysanthemums to maintain their decorative qualities for a long time, flower growers must adhere to some simple rules. Depending on where they will be in the winter, there are various methods maintaining viability.

Storage on verandas or insulated loggias

After flowering, it is better to cut the bushes, leaving a maximum of 15 cm in length and place them for wintering in some cool room. The main thing is that it has enough light and a comfortable temperature for flowers (about 5-8 °). Watering is reduced to only 1 time per month.

Chrysanthemum care and storage in the house

If it is not possible to take it to a colder place, you can leave them on the windowsills. But in this case, the flowers should also be cut off, dried leaves, buds and branches should be removed. AT room conditions the watering regimen should not differ from that recommended during the vegetative period.

Placement of chrysanthemums for the winter in the basement

Another good decision for wintering is placing them in a dry cellar. With this method of storage, it is necessary to carry out the same measures as in the previous two cases: leave 10-15 cm of flower length, remove all dry parts and check that the soil in the pots is slightly moist, but not damp.

Chrysanthemum in a pot home care during the growing season

The active period of growth begins in March. To prepare for this stage in the life of indoor plants, it is advisable to adhere to the following rules.

Growing chrysanthemums at home involves their annual transplantation into new, larger containers. The soil must be neutral, containing required amount trace elements and other nutrients. A substrate consisting of ordinary soil, turf, white sand and humus in a ratio of 4:4:1:1 is ideal.
If possible, indoor flowers for good growth and abundant flowering it is useful to plant in the spring on open beds. With the onset of cold weather, they are dug up and determined in a warm place in the house.
Fertilizers are applied a couple of weeks after transplantation. But in the event that land with humus was used, top dressing can be postponed for a month. It will not be superfluous to use fertilizers with nitrogen during the formation of the bush, and phosphorus-potassium compounds are suitable before flowering.
Forming bushes is necessary to prolong the stage of their flowering. During the vegetative period, pinching (pinching) should be done at least a couple of times. Such manipulations will help awaken dormant buds and increase bushiness. The last pinching can be done a week or two before flowering, which usually begins by mid-August.

All beginner flower growers are mainly concerned with the question: why does the chrysanthemum not bloom at home? If indoor plants did not bloom in the fall, it means that the basic rules for caring for them were not followed. Violations in functioning most often occur due to untimely pruning, lack of sunlight, nutrient deficiency in the soil, and also due to insufficient or, conversely, excess fertilizer. If all the above mistakes are corrected, chrysanthemums will certainly please with worthy flowering next autumn.

Outcome

Armed with knowledge about growing chrysanthemums at home, you can easily grow an excellent flower garden just on your windowsill or balcony. We also recommend watching a video in which a big fan of these beautiful autumn colors, Nelli Murashkina, reveals her secrets to their successful breeding.

Chrysanthemum home: home care video

08.09.2017 8 143

Diseases of chrysanthemums and their treatment different methods

For many flower growers, chrysanthemum diseases and their treatment are manifested by a whole stream of problems due to incorrect identification of initial symptoms, as a result of which even more damage is caused to flowers. leaf septoria, brown aphid, white coating, powdery mildew, the lower leaves wither and dry, turn yellow - all these signs may indicate the presence of ailments that must be removed ...

Treatment of fungal and viral diseases

Chrysanthemums have relatively stable immunity, so timely prevention will help to avoid problems. But, if the flower is still sick, it is useful to know what the diseases of chrysanthemums and their treatment are.

Fungal infections of chrysanthemums are the most common, they are caused by dense plantings, and in this regard, poor ventilation, also heat, high soil acidity, and excessive nitrogen content in the soil. Fungi of various origins on chrysanthemums are effectively dealt with with the help of fungicides - Bordeaux liquid, copper oxychloride, colloidal sulfur,.

Why do chrysanthemums dry lower leaves? Often this is a sign of septoria, which makes itself felt by the appearance yellow spots, as a rule, it is on the lower leaves of chrysanthemums closest to the surface of the earth that the spots darken, acquire a brown tint, then blacken, spread over the surface, as if healthy greens are burning down.

Septoria chrysanthemum leaves - pictured

What to do:

The darkened vegetation is plucked and burned
Infected specimens are sprayed with fungicides
For prevention in flower beds and in general on the site, wilted vegetation should be removed in time

Rust

On the outside pale spots appear on the leaves of chrysanthemums, and from the inside they are powdery orange, rust reduces the intensity of flowering, since it takes a lot of effort to fight the infection.

What to do:

Fusarium wilt

If the leaves of a chrysanthemum turn yellow, this may be the first sign of Fusarium wilt, a disease caused by the Fusarium fungus. A sick flower experiences an acute lack of moisture, as the fungus infects the roots and prevents the flow of water necessary for the growth of chrysanthemum. In affected specimens, development slows down, they noticeably lag behind in growth, and often things never reach flowering.

Fusarium wilt of chrysanthemum - pictured

What to do in such cases:

Infected bushes are completely removed
Choose varieties with increased resistance to Fusarium
The soil should be slightly acidic or neutral, with a pH level of 6.5 - 7.0

powdery mildew

A symptom of this fungal disease is an off-white powdery coating on chrysanthemums, which often occurs in a humid environment, therefore it spreads widely in damp rainy weather.

How to help the plant:

Infected parts are removed
Bushes are carefully treated with fungicides

Mosaic

In total, at least two dozen viral infections are known to which the autumn beauty of chrysanthemum is susceptible - these are aspermia, dwarfism, white spotting of flowers, rosette and others. One of the most dangerous viruses for chrysanthemums is a mosaic, the specimens affected by it lag behind in development, grow poorly, their foliage turns yellow, and flowers become smaller.

What to do:

Sick bushes completely destroy
The site is regularly cleared of weeds

Pests and their control

Diseases of chrysanthemums and their treatment consist in the destruction of not only infectious agents, but also pests - with aphids, spider mite, meadow bug, slobbering pennitsa, tobacco thrips, leaf nematode are fought mainly with the help of insecticides.

leaf nematode

Nematodes are tiny worms that infect not only chrysanthemum, but also many other flowers and shrubs, they often overwinter in the beds, in the remains of vegetation, so they must be removed in the fall.

On the leaves of the chrysanthemum, which the nematode has reached, yellow-brown spots appear, which gradually occupy the entire leaf, and it dies, the foliage at the bottom of the stem dies first, then the pest spreads higher and higher along the trunk. If no action is taken, the entire bush dies.

What to do:

Destroy not only the diseased specimen, including the roots, but also the area of soil surrounding it
In spring, the ground around the flowers is mulched - this prevents the appearance of a nematode
Water during irrigation should not fall on the foliage; 4. On initial stage you can apply a foliar spray, which contains an organic insecticide, including potassium salts of fatty acids and vegetable oils

Greenhouse aphids and brown aphids settle on chrysanthemums. The first, green or pink, settles on the wrong side of the leaves, on buds and flowers, and feeds on their cell sap. Brown aphids live in inflorescences, without damaging them, but polluting them with their waste products.

What to do:

Bushes are sprayed with any of the insecticides - Aktellik, Bi-58 new, Karate
Also prepare a solution of copper sulfate (20 g) and liquid soap(200 g) per 10 liters of water

Other pests are also fought with insecticides, but the symptoms of insect damage are different:

drooling pennitsa, or cicada, absorbs the juice of a chrysanthemum flower, while covering the plant with foam
meadow, or field bug deforms leaves, chrysanthemum buds and flowers, interfering with flowering plants
the spider mite weaves a web on the underside of the chrysanthemum leaves, which turn yellow and wither. The spread of the pest is facilitated by hot weather. The spider mite easily adapts to drugs, so you need to use different pesticides in turn, they are also used folk methods- spraying with infusion of herbs henbane, dope, yarrow, garlic, onion

Noncommunicable diseases

Mistakes in the technology of growing chrysanthemums can lead to diseases - the condition of the soil, the regimen of fertilizing and watering affect the development of autumn flowers, violation of the conditions of care weakens them, and this is a direct path to infection with various infections.

Flower growers are familiar with such a thing as "root strangulation", root system literally suffocates from excess moisture and lack of air in the soil, if it is clayey, not well drained and at the same time flooded with rain. In a plant that is forced to exist in such conditions, the leaves turn yellow, the roots rot, and eventually it dies.

The inability to absorb excess moisture leads to the fact that a crack appears on the stem under the bud, the future chrysanthemum flower breaks off or deforms. On the other hand, the lack of moisture in the soil also inhibits chrysanthemum bushes, the foliage becomes lethargic, and disease resistance decreases. Low temperatures environment lead to yellowing or redness of the leaf along the veins.

Unbalanced fertilizing with organic and mineral fertilizers also weakens the plant. For example, you can not fertilize flowers with fresh manure. This burns the roots and weakens them, making them open to infection.

Chrysanthemum diseases and their treatment will not cause any special problems for flower growers if you follow the rules of care and be attentive to your flowers.

Chrysanthemum is a flower with a very unusual history. Its exact homeland is unknown, there are disputes about where this wonderful flower came from, some say from Japan, others say from China, and still others mention all of East Asia.

However, be that as it may, all this does not negate the fact that the chrysanthemum is stunningly beautiful, so beautiful that in the same Japan the highest award is called the Order of the Chrysanthemum, and one emperor ordered a seal with her image.

Perhaps for this history and its beauty, it is not so easy to grow it at home, since many factors will affect its beauty and health. All this and much more is written below.

Chrysanthemum home - description

Chrysanthemum home has a short stature. This is due to the fact that it is grown artificially in greenhouses, where special equipment stops its growth for decoration.

Some have had to deal with the fact that when buying a cutting and trying to grow it, you get a large bush that looks more like a garden than a home. In this regard, it is worth saying a few words about how to choose the right house chrysanthemums in pots.

First of all, take a close look at appearance plants. It should be strong, dense, the leaves well developed, and there should be no insects on the trunk. This will allow her to quickly get used to home conditions. So she does not get infected and will not affect the growth of other flowers that have already taken root.

What varieties are suitable for growing at home

Caring for a chrysanthemum in a pot at home is particularly difficult, but subject to the basic nuances, the plant will delight with a long, lush flowering. Chrysanthemum flowers are often used to create original bouquets. They look great on their own and also as part of a flower arrangement.

The variety of varieties and varieties will make a bouquet of chrysanthemums a real surprise, allowing you to get away from standard roses and gerberas.

Recently, it has also become popular to give fresh flowers in a pot. The advantages are obvious: a longer flowering period and the possibility of further breeding. At the same time, it often turns out that after the phase of vegetative activity, the plant is considered dead. To prolong the life of your pet and enjoy for a long time beautiful flowers, you can use the advice of our article and grow a full-fledged houseplant.

dachnaya-zhizn.ru

home varieties

Of course, ordinary garden crops will not feel comfortable at home. For this they are too big and cold-loving. At the same time, breeders have bred enough varieties of chrysanthemums, the cultivation of which is quite possible to carry out in apartment conditions.

Before buying, be sure to check this point with the seller, and also take care in advance of creating suitable conditions for the pet, which will be discussed a little later.

Varieties of varieties and classification of chrysanthemums

The most common and numerous variety of this flower is korean chrysanthemum. There are many varieties of it, and most have nothing in common with each other. Basically, the classification is carried out according to the configuration of leaves and inflorescences. Korean varieties are most often used for growing at home.

The Indian chrysanthemum is also very popular, differing in more refined forms and the size of inflorescences. Indoor options are distinguished by a relatively high stem, on which a large (up to 15 cm in diameter) flower is located. Most varieties Indian chrysanthemum grown as garden plants.

Features of chrysanthemums

Chrysanthemum multiflora is an almost perfect ball with small-sized inflorescences. A characteristic feature is precisely the shape of the flower, as well as numerous buds and active flowering, which lasts from a month to two. After the flowers fall off, it is necessary to cut the stems, then bring the pot into the shelter. You can decorate a summer cottage with such forms, but for wintering it is better to find a warm enough room with good ventilation.

Chrysanthemum zembla is more in demand as a garden crop, but it can also be found among the descriptions of indoor plants. The characteristic features of this plant will be quite large inflorescences, petals folded into an incomplete tube and a wide range of colors. The most familiar will be yellow chrysanthemums, but among the breeding varieties there are even greenish and blue flowers.

Chrysanthemum classification

General classification of chrysanthemums:

If the size of the inflorescences is less than 80 mm, such varieties are called small-flowered. Large-flowered plants, respectively, are much larger in diameter.
According to the shape of the inflorescences, blanket and two-row, terry and semi-double are distinguished. You can find a generalized name - spherical chrysanthemum, which combines several groups with round volumetric inflorescences.
According to the flowering period, early, medium and late flowering specimens are distinguished. This classification is important if you also want to collect seeds for further flower cultivation. In late-flowering varieties, they, as a rule, do not have time to ripen, so they are not suitable for planting.
The height of the stem also classifies chrysanthemums into border (up to 30 cm) and medium (up to 50 cm tall).
The shape of the petals and their arrangement can be chamomile, with a pronounced core (usually in a contrasting color). Terry flowers do not have such a feature, but they can attract with petals of different lengths and configurations.

It is impossible to describe all varieties of this flower, much less indicate all possible color options. "Classic" white chrysanthemums are not inferior in popularity to roses and tulips, and a variety of rainbow mixes will cheer you up in the cold season.

Popular varieties

Indoor chrysanthemum is more compact in size; when forming a bush, it forms attractive spherical trees. In addition to a purely visual effect, this plant is famous for its positive energy and, in many beliefs, has earned the fame of a family amulet.

The chrysanthemum has the greatest popularity and universal love in oriental cultures, especially for Japan. There, this plant is grown everywhere and is a symbol of prosperity, love and prosperity. To successfully grow a Japanese version of the lucky horseshoe at home, you must adhere to certain requirements.

uplady.com

What to look for when buying

Chrysanthemums in the markets are presented in such quantity that it is not easy to choose a single bush. But try to be very careful, because success directly depends on how picky you are.

Never buy chrysanthemums with fully bloomed inflorescences - specimens in which the inflorescences have blossomed no more than half will bloom better and longer.

The bushes should be fully formed, powerful, the shoots should be woody from below, and the leaves should be healthy. Please note that yellowing of foliage, spots on leaves and shoots are unacceptable.

Light regime for potted chrysanthemums

Chrysanthemums are crops that require short daylight hours for abundant flowering. But this does not mean at all that they are content with shaded locations.

Throughout the term active development, including flowering chrysanthemums, you need to provide the sunniest and brightest locations where the plants will not suffer from midday rays or will be shaded from them by neighboring potted plants.

In winter, chrysanthemums are kept in dark rooms (with the exception of specimens that continue to bloom, which are transferred to the brightest locations of the rooms and plan to be thrown away after flowering)

Temperature conditions

Potted chrysanthemums (both garden and indoor) love coolness, especially at the flowering stage. These are not the most heat-resistant crops, which are comfortable only in typical autumn conditions. The higher the air temperature, the faster the inflorescences fade and the less chrysanthemums release new buds.

That is why even miniature indoor plants during flowering are best kept on fresh air. Optimal temperature regime for potted chrysanthemums - from 10-15 to 17-20 degrees Celsius or a little more.

If chrysanthemums are at temperatures above 21-22 degrees during the flowering period, they will not be able to normally lay buds for flowering next year, and even a cold winter will not give the expected effect.

www.botanichka.ru

Landing

What to do with a chrysanthemum in a pot - we will talk about this a little later. First, let's figure out how to plant it correctly. Material from the mother plant is cut with a sharp knife. It is impossible to break off the petioles, otherwise they may not be accepted.

A beautiful and lush bush will grow only if it has a sufficiently developed root system. Therefore, at the very beginning, the petioles are planted in a very large container.

Drill a few holes in the bottom of the pot for drainage. Garden soil is poured into it, mixed with some organic fertilizer.

The question of how to plant a chrysanthemum in a pot comes down, among other things, to proper preparation soil. Before backfilling, the soil mixture must be subjected to heat treatment. Chrysanthemum is a rather tender plant that is easily infected with various kinds of viral and fungal diseases.

Cut stalks are carefully dug into the ground.
After 20-25 days, roots form on them.
As soon as this happens, they should be carefully, together with a clod of earth, transferred to a small flower pot.
In this case, an adult plant will take the form of a beautiful lush bouquet.

The same earth is poured into a new pot. That is, they mix nutrient soil with organic fertilizer. You can also use fertilized peat.

www.syl.ru

Watering

Purchased chrysanthemum should be watered carefully. On the one hand, this plant is quite demanding on watering. On the other hand, excess moisture can cause root rot or the development of fungal diseases.

To prevent this from happening, you need to ensure good drainage: a hole must be provided in the pot, and a layer of gravel or moss is arranged at the bottom. This will help remove any excess moisture from the pot.

On average, chrysanthemum is watered no more than 2 times a week. You just need to make sure that the earthen ball does not dry out.
Foliar spraying plays an important role in preventing dehydration.
Dried leaves must be removed in a timely manner. And healthy leaves are regularly cleaned of dust.

For irrigation, you can not use ordinary tap water. You need to pass it through the filter and defend for a couple of days. Water should not be cold, otherwise the plant is threatened with disease.

sadovod.guru

Air humidity

Chrysanthemum prefers high humidity. Therefore, the plant should be sprayed regularly. The frequency of spraying is one (two) times a day. If the grower simply does not have a spray bottle, then you can simply put a saucer or a jar of water next to your home plantings.

Protection against dust and dirt

Chrysanthemum leaves should be regularly wiped from accumulated dust and other contaminants. You can do it normally damp cloth. Some gardeners place the pot in the bathtub and gently rinse off the accumulated dust with a shower head.

onwomen.ru

Caring for a chrysanthemum in a pot, fertilizing

Fertilization is a mandatory measure, because the chrysanthemum requires a lot of nutrients for its development. AT different time year, different additives should be used. They can be divided into:

nitrogen;
potassium;
phosphoric.

Nitrogen fertilizers are used during the active growth of the flower, that is, in the spring. These additives are important for proper shoot formation and active leaf growth.

In summer, they stop fertilizing chrysanthemums with nitrogen fertilizers, since at this time the active growth of the plant stops and preparations for flowering begin.

In mid-August, start giving potassium supplements with some phosphorus. Closer to October, everything should be the opposite: more phosphorus with the addition of potassium. These additives are needed by the plant for lush flowering and happy wintering.

Chrysanthemum in a pot, care after flowering

How to care for homemade chrysanthemums in pots after flowering? When all the buds are dry, they should be removed. Also cut off any dead or damaged branches.

After that, gradually reduce watering and put the flower in the place where it will winter.
If you want to achieve double bloom, then think about it in advance.
In any case, you will have to organize rest conditions in which the plant will gain strength.

After that, you can put the flower in heat ahead of time, increase watering, and also adjust changes in daylight hours. All these measures can make the chrysanthemum bloom in late February or early March.

Chrysanthemum in a pot: home care in winter

How to care for a chrysanthemum in a pot in the winter season? At this time, the chrysanthemum does not need to be watered heavily, and it is impossible to fertilize at all. Put the flower in a room with an air temperature of no more than 5 degrees. Such conditions may be in an unheated pantry or cellar.

Some gardeners believe that indoor chrysanthemum need to be pruned for the winter, as they do with respect to garden flower. But many experts consider this an unnecessary measure, since the indoor flower is not threatened by frost and other ups and downs, so you should not be afraid that high branches will take too much strength from the flower.

Before wintering, it is desirable to treat the chrysanthemum with antimicrobial agents. They will exclude the possibility of infection of the flower by pests, which, unlike plants, do not sleep in winter.

How to care for homemade chrysanthemum in a pot in early spring?

In spring, the plants begin to wake up and actively grow. Do this and chrysanthemums in a pot, how to care for them at this time? First of all, you should increase the watering of the flower, since it needs moisture for growth. At the same time, you should not make a swamp in a flowerpot. Abundant watering should not turn into a "bay".

Next, you should consider transplanting the plant. This work is usually done in the spring. If the plant is young, then you should choose a larger flowerpot for it than the previous one. For an adult plant, you can leave the same capacity.

Prepare the soil for chrysanthemum yourself, as store substrates are universal and are rarely suitable for this particular flower. To prepare the soil, take:

universal soil;
peat;
perlite;
sand.

Mix all the ingredients in such a way that the soil is loose, but remains nutritious. Pour it into the flowerpot on top of the drainage, which should be mandatory. It eliminates the possibility of stagnation of water in the flowerpot.

transplant chrysanthemum better method transshipment. So her roots are less injured. After transplanting, the plant is watered a little and placed in a well-lit place.

In the first month after transplanting, fertilizers are not needed. They will only harm a plant that is not rooted properly. But in a month you can already water the chrysanthemum with nitrogen fertilizers. They are bred according to the instructions, which are necessarily given with the drug.

When the chrysanthemum takes root and grows a little, you need to cut off the tops of its branches. This is called "pinching" and is done so that the plant begins to sprout lateral shoots. Thus, a lush bush will be formed. By autumn, it will be covered with color and will look very beautiful. You can pinch flowers twice: in early autumn and early summer. Then they begin to prepare chrysanthemums for flowering.

roza-i-fialka.ru

How to stimulate chrysanthemum flowering

If a flower lover receives a gift from friends, then it is, most often, a chrysanthemum in a pot. Home care focuses on prolonging flowering. Chrysanthemums are perennials, and they can bloom for several years in a row if they accumulate good energy reserves. A winter dormancy period with sufficient light, water and fertilizer will increase the plant's ability to produce new buds.

A simple technique helps to stimulate the plant to a long and abundant flowering. Here are the basic tricks:

it is necessary to control the light regime of chrysanthemum. Good vegetative growth means natural conditions, that is, 9 - 10 hours of darkness. Draping the plant with black fabric creates the illusion of "night" in city apartments, where electricity is often turned on;
water occasionally and plentifully. The soil should be moist, but not damp;
before flowering, organize a light regime according to the standard 12 hours of darkness - 12 hours of light;
provide the plant with a cool atmosphere during the release of buds. Chrysanthemums in pots need a temperature of 13 - 16 ° C for flower formation;
do not forget to pinch the stems;
remove all small buds and flower buds, leaving only large ones, one bud on each stem in the center. This should be done when the buds are still small;
when the flowers open to the maximum, choose the most optimal light position for the pot. The entire flowering period should be well watered chrysanthemum. So the flowers will last longer;
transplanting the chrysanthemum into a larger pot will give room to the roots. The plant will be able to accumulate more nutrients and moisture, which ensures intensive flowering. The optimal pot size is 1.8 liters.

The entire flowering period should be well watered chrysanthemum

In the spring, as soon as the chrysanthemum releases green shoots, you need to change the soil in the pot. To do this, the plant is carefully taken out, clean soil is laid in a pot, a chrysanthemum is placed in it and watered. In the same period, it is advisable to feed the chrysanthemum with fertilizer. Before flowering, it is better to use nitrogen products, and at the time of flowering - nitrate.

If you have complete information on how to care for a chrysanthemum in a pot, the plant will develop normally and delight the owner with luxurious flowers for several years in a row.

koffkindom.ru

How to transplant chrysanthemums

chrysanthemums, which are given to us in bouquets, are very easy to root. The desire to plant and grow this miracle on your windowsill or on your plot is commendable, but here it is important to follow the right agricultural practices.

Instruction

If the chrysanthemum is already sitting in your pot, then transplanting into open ground will allow it to take on its natural size and shape. Preparation for transplanting chrysanthemum should begin with its flowering. After flowering, chrysanthemums should cut off all shoots longer than 10 cm and leave only short petioles. A pot with a plant for the winter should be removed in a cool room with a temperature of 2-4 ° C.
With the onset of spring, the growth of new shoots begins and it is transferred to a warm room. Compliance with the alternation of temperatures for chrysanthemum is mandatory, otherwise it will not bloom. This time is optimal for transplanting a bush into fresh soil in a pot or flower bed, as well as for rooting shoots. To root flowers from a bouquet, cuttings that have given roots in water should be cut off from above, leaving 10 cm and planted in a pot.
Young plants should be transplanted every year in the spring, older ones every two years, while it is better to divide the bushes during transplantation. Fresh soil for the bush, most importantly, should not be acidic, otherwise, chrysanthemums are not particularly demanding on soils. Add some sand and humus to ordinary garden soil. During transplantation, the tops of young shoots are pinched, and lignified ones are cut off so that the bush is more branched and even.
Before watering, the clod of earth should be moistened, all dried branches and roots should be removed. Pour drainage at the bottom of the pot, insert the bush in the center and sprinkle with new earth on all sides. In order not to transplant the chrysanthemum into a larger pot, divide the bush, and plant part of the bush back, of course, pouring fresh earth. After the bushes, water and keep the soil moist, as the chrysanthemum loves water.

www.kakprosto.ru

pruning

Chrysanthemum pruning is carried out twice a year. This is done in spring and summer in order to form a beautiful crown of the bush. The first pruning is done in the spring after planting or transplanting a flower. The plant is removed from the growing point at the top of the shoots.

Side shoots begin to grow immediately.
Chrysanthemum before our eyes turns into a lush dense bush.
Somewhere, in a month, this procedure is repeated.
If you have a spherical variety of chrysanthemums growing, then it is not necessary to pinch it.
A lush bush in the shape of a dome is a varietal feature of these types of chrysanthemum.

Secondary chrysanthemum pruned in the fall, after flowering. First of all, dry, diseased and rotten shoots are cut off to keep the rest of the bush healthy. The rest of the shoots are also shortened, since the plant will winter in Spartan conditions - without watering, fertilizing and light. So it will be easier for him to survive during hibernation.

flowersadvice.ru

Reproduction of chrysanthemum in a pot

Chrysanthemum reproduces in 3 ways:

cuttings.
The division of the bush.
Seeds.

1. Cuttings

After a period of rest, a month before cutting, transfer the container with chrysanthemum to a lighted warm place (from + 10 ° to + 12 °).

When 4-6 leaves are formed on the shoots, you can start cuttings:

It is better to take a high capacity, with the expectation that the cuttings will need to be covered at first.
Prepare the substrate: humus, garden soil and sand, in this ratio - 1:2:0.5, given that the top layer of sand should be 2-3 cm. Or take a mixture of perlite and sand, 1:1.
Put drainage at the bottom of the tank - expanded clay, pebbles, etc. Pour the soil, on top - a layer of sand of at least 2 cm. Pour.
Cut off the tops of the stems 10 cm high, make the lower cut under the internode. Remove the bottom leaves.
Dip the cutting in the growth stimulator. And deepen the cuttings by 1.5-2 cm into moistened sand at an angle of 45 ° with a gap between them of 5 cm.
Cover the container with glass or film and place the container with the cuttings in a bright, warm place (t from +17° to +20°).
Make sure that the soil in the container is always moist by spraying it daily with a spray bottle.
Cuttings take root in 2 to 4 weeks. As soon as the cuttings take root, as evidenced by the growth that appears on them, the film must be removed.

After 2-3 weeks, chrysanthemums can be planted in pots.

2. Division of the bush

A simple and more reliable way to propagate chrysanthemums is to divide the bush during the period of intensive shoot growth.

From one bush of an overwintered plant, up to 6 divisions are obtained:

Water the bush before dividing.
Pour drainage and a mixture consisting of garden and soddy soil, sand and humus into a new pot. Pour the mixture into 2/3 of the container.
Remove the chrysanthemum from the old container, carefully separate the young shoots so that each separated part retains a root.
Put the young shoot in a pot and carefully, trying not to damage the roots, cover it with earth. Do not compact the ground.
After transplanting, carefully water the shoots, preferably with a spray bottle, so as not to accidentally erode the soil.
Place the container with shoots in a bright warm (but not more than + 20 °) place. Shade from the sun.

After 2-3 weeks, the delenki will take root well.

3. Propagation by seeds

Sowing time is determined by the time of the beginning of flowering:

Treat the sowing container with a solution of potassium permanganate.
Pour drainage and mixture into the container garden soil, sand and humus, 2:0.5:1.
Moisten the substrate and spread the seeds on top. The seeds are not sprinkled with soil, as they need light to germinate. Or sprinkle with a thin layer of light soil.
Cover the container with glass or polyethylene film and put it in a bright room (t from +10° to +15°).
Moisten the soil only with a spray bottle.
After 7-12 days shoots will appear. Remove cover.
After the formation of 4-6 true leaves, the plant dives with an interval between them of 5-10 cm.

A month and a half before flowering, chrysanthemums are planted in a permanent place.

vogorode.com

Diseases and pests

Chrysanthemum is a late-flowering perennial with high immunity to diseases and pests. However, she can also get sick.

In order not to put flowers at risk, it is necessary to carefully monitor their condition and take preventive measures in a timely manner. And if it was not possible to avoid the disease, then it is important to know which methods of struggle are most effective.

Fungal diseases of chrysanthemums

Chrysanthemum fungal infections are most often caused by poor air circulation, high soil acidity, excess nitrogen fertilizer, and high temperatures.

Leaf spot, or septoria, chrysanthemum

The disease manifests itself in the form of spots on the leaves, which at first have yellow, and then gradually become dark brown and black (and may increase in size). The lower leaves are infected first.

Prevention and treatment

The first step is to cut and destroy the affected leaves.
For prevention purposes, it is necessary to regularly clean and destroy the remains of dead plants in the garden.
If the disease spreads, it is worth using fungicides.

Rust

The infection appears as pale patches on the surface of the leaves, as well as mealy orange spots on the undersides. Severely affected plants weaken and no longer bloom properly.

Prevention and treatment

Prompt removal of affected leaves.
Thinning bushes for better ventilation.
When watering, avoid getting moisture on the plants.
If the disease has seriously spread, you need to switch to the use of fungicides.

wilting chrysanthemum leaves

The first symptoms of Fusarium wilt are yellowing and browning of the leaves. Infected plants are stunted and often fail to bloom. The fungus penetrates the plants from the soil through the roots and blocks the flow of water into the tissues of the chrysanthemum.

Prevention and treatment

Removal and destruction of all infected plant parts.
Planting wilt-resistant varieties.
If there is already Fusarium fungus in the soil, which causes wilting, then the pH of the soil should be increased to 6.5 - 7.0.

powdery mildew

The leaves are covered with a whitish ash-gray powdery coating. The spores of the fungus love a humid atmosphere, these are favorable conditions for their growth and reproduction.

Prevention and treatment

Removal of affected plant material.
The use of fungicides.

To combat fungal infections, copper oxychloride and Bordeaux liquid, Fundazol, as well as 1% colloidal sulfur are most often used.

Viral diseases of chrysanthemums

Of all the viral diseases for chrysanthemums, the most terrible mosaic.

Plants infected with the virus have a stunted appearance and yellowed foliage. Infected chrysanthemums are stunted and form small flowers.

Prevention

Removal and destruction of affected plants.
Timely weed control.

Chrysanthemum pests

leaf nematode

Nematodes are non-segmented roundworms that are barely visible to the naked eye. They overwinter in the soil or in infected plant material.

Chrysanthemums affected by the nematode are covered with yellow-brown spots. The pest first damages the lower leaves and gradually spreads up the stem. Yellow-brown spots on the leaves eventually merge and cover the entire leaf, which dies, dries up and falls off.

Control measures

Removal of infected plant material along with the surrounding soil.
In the spring, the spread of nematodes will prevent mulching.
When watering, avoid getting water on the leaves.
Foliar sprays containing insecticidal soap are quite effective.

Aphids and spider mites

These insidious insects harm many types of indoor and garden flowers.

Aphids feed on the juice of young plant tissues, infect the underside of leaves, buds and flowers. The mass distribution of the pest can cause the death of chrysanthemums.

Spider mites spread in hot and dry weather, they suck out the juice from plants, as a result of which the chrysanthemum dries up, the flowers become discolored, the leaves fall off.

Control measures

Spider mites and aphids can be removed from the surface of plants with a strong jet of water during watering.
The use of insecticides and a copper-soap solution (20 g of copper sulfate and 200 g of green soap per 10 liters of water) is effective.

Now you know how to protect chrysanthemums from dangerous diseases and pests. Do not forget to properly care for the plants - and they will certainly make your flower garden attractive.

www.ogorod.ru

Queen of autumn - chrysanthemum (in myths and legends)

Many legends are devoted to this wonderful flower. One of them says that an evil dragon decided to steal the Sun from people; but seizing it, the dragon badly burned its paws. From anger, the dragon began to tear and stomp fire ball. The sun sparks that fell on the Earth turned into white chrysanthemums...

Chrysanthemum flowers, as it were, connect the light cold of winter and the warm breath of summer. She is rightfully considered the queen of autumn. This unpretentious autumn flower truly royal.

Indeed, once in the East, luxurious feasts were held in his honor, the image of a chrysanthemum served as a symbol of nobility, happiness and was considered sacred. Many poems, myths and legends are dedicated to him. Today, the oriental beauty has no less fans than the recognized queens - roses and orchids.

flower history

How much ancient history this flower is not exactly known, but archaeologists found images of chrysanthemums on fragments of marble and pottery, in the ornaments of ancient buildings, in patterns of oriental porcelain, and even on ancient coins.

Some argue that the birthplace of the flower is Japan, others say that China, and others that East Asia.
In Japan, the homeland of the chrysanthemum, its image is included in the national emblem, it is a symbol of the sun.
The Order of the Chrysanthemum is the country's highest award.

The name of the flower, which comes from the Greek words "chrysos" - golden and "antemos" - flower (golden flower), is not accidental, the ancestors of chrysanthemums were exclusively yellow.

In Japanese, it is called "kiku" - the sun. On the day of "kiku" in the imperial palace, the courtiers admired the flowers, drank special chrysanthemum wine, listened to music and wrote poetry.

Chrysanthemum was considered a symbol of high position. Only the emperor and his family members had the right to wear clothes made of fabric with a chrysanthemum pattern. Breaking the law was punishable by death. In the 18th century, the plant was brought to France and it conquered all of Europe.

Chrysanthemum in the East

In Japan, colorful chrysanthemum festivals are held annually, where human-sized dolls are put on historical clothes made from chrysanthemum flowers. On this day, the Japanese drink sake with the petals of this wonderful flower- a symbol of happiness and longevity. Participants of the holiday pass cups of drink to each other, wishing years happy life.

This flower is no less revered in China, which is also considered the birthplace of chrysanthemum. Here he represents loyalty. The legend says that in ancient times, when a cruel emperor ruled China, there was a rumor that a chrysanthemum grows on a certain island, from the juice of which you can make a life elixir.

But only a person with a pure heart should pick a flower, otherwise the plant will lose its miraculous power. 300 boys and girls were sent to the island. It is only unknown whether they found that plant or not. No one returned, the mikado died, and the youth founded a new state on that island - Japan.

lore

The 9th day of the 9th month is dedicated to the chrysanthemum in China and Japan, and the flower plucked on this day is endowed with magical powers. In Vietnam, chrysanthemums represent spiritual purity and clarity of mind. In Italy, the chrysanthemum is a symbol of love; a symbol of deep silent sadness; death symbol.

In England, chrysanthemums are not so much flowers for bouquets as funeral flowers. In Europe, white chrysanthemums are considered mourning flowers and a symbol of deep sadness. Wreaths of them in France are laid on the graves.
Perhaps that is why there is a sad legend about their origin. “The poor woman's son died. She decorated the grave dear to her with wild flowers picked along the way until the cold came. Then she remembered a bouquet of artificial flowers, which her mother bequeathed as a guarantee of happiness.
She placed this bouquet on the grave, sprinkled it with tears, prayed, and when she raised her head, she saw a miracle: the whole grave was covered with live chrysanthemums. Their bitter smell seemed to say that they were dedicated to sadness.

Chrysanthemum in Europe

Chrysanthemum appeared in Europe in 1676. She was brought from Japan to England and the Dutchman Reede did it. However, the French believe that chrysanthemums first appeared in Marseille in 1789 and were delivered by the French traveler Pierre Blancshire.

However, the plants they brought were similar to daisies and did not make much of an impression.
Only after 1829, when the French gardener Berne, as a result of experiments with sowing seeds of chrysanthemums, received beautiful varieties, the public became interested in them.
Over time, this flower could be seen in almost every English garden - chrysanthemums perfectly tolerated English fogs and bloomed even before the onset of light frosts.
During the celebration of Schiller's birthday in 1859, the bust of the writer was surrounded by thousands of chrysanthemums, the most diverse in color and shape that existed then.

www.florets.ru

Superstition and chrysanthemum.

Chrysanthemum balances the energy of logic and intuition, reason, will and feelings. Fills with peace and self-confidence.

Protects from unnecessary hesitation and doubt. Develops confidence and the missing qualities of sex: for men - fortitude, for women - tenderness and charm. Brings order to thoughts and emotions. Helps to feel like a real man or a real woman and change sexual orientation. Develops tolerance and friendliness. For public places. For active, active, creative individuals. Helps strong personalities get along with each other.

Protects against unwanted changes in well-being. Brings balance to nervous system, kidneys, cardiovascular system.

The ancient Chinese claimed that the chrysanthemum had the miraculous property of prolonging human life. According to ancient legend, a certain Taoist monk lived for about 700 years, and only because he drank dew from chrysanthemum flowers in the morning. Maybe if we follow his example, then we will be able to preserve youth?

Chrysanthemum flower petals are very different: white, pink, golden yellow. They have one thing in common - they are all rich in minerals, so necessary for the normal functioning of the human body. It should be borne in mind that odorless flowers do not have healing properties.

Be sure to add fragrant petals of chrysanthemum flowers to traditional green tea. It is considered to be extremely useful in any infectious disease. Ancient Chinese doctors recommended this tea in case of high fever. It was believed that it improves eyesight, removes toxins from the body, and is good for the liver.

Overheating, colds, dizziness, unstable pressure - all these diseases, according to them, are easily cured with the help of chrysanthemum flower petals. This can be trusted, it can be treated with a fair amount of skepticism. However, even in our time, folk healers with kidney failure are advised to eat ice cream, in which they put a few fresh chrysanthemum petals.

Many flower growers are very fond of such a flower as chrysanthemum. It is popular and can grow both outdoors and at home. In the latter case, a pot is used to grow a flower. Caring for her both indoors and outdoor conditions will be exactly the same, only unlike garden ones, indoor flower is small in size. So how to care for him in a pot? Let's try to figure this out.

Features of indoor chrysanthemums

This flower can be either annual or perennial. It has a branched root system, the development of which occurs parallel to the surface. The leaves of the plant are light green, dissected, serrated or notched. A dense inflorescence is formed by small flowers collected in a basket.

Indoor chrysanthemum has a large number of varieties that grow remarkably at home. Such species differ from garden ones in their miniature size. This is explained by the fact that for indoor growth, drugs are used that stop their growth for decorative purposes.

When purchasing a flower for growing in pots, you should choose a strong and healthy specimen with a well-formed stem and dense foliage. After the purchase, the plant adapts to the new conditions for some time. So that it does not become infected with diseases from other indoor inhabitants, it is quarantined for several days.

Care

Temperature and lighting

In order for the plant to grow well at home, it is necessary to provide it with optimal temperature regime. She can't stand heat and exposure to direct sun rays. Better conditions It is cool air and short daylight hours. To make the chrysanthemum bloom as long as possible, optimum temperature for this it should be +15 degrees, and the maximum temperature for its growth is within +18 degrees.

Its increase leads to the fact that the leaves of the plant begin to turn yellow and the flower buds dry out. This is especially true for recently purchased copies. To prevent this from happening, you need to properly care for the flower.

Moisture

Indoor chrysanthemum, which is not too difficult to care for, prefers high air humidity. If the earth ball dries out, this can lead to drying out of the root system. In order for the room to have constant humidity, it is recommended to spray the plant as often as possible. A home flower must be watered abundantly, but in such a way that there is no stagnation of moisture in the pot. During active growth, it should be watered 2-3 times a week so that the soil is constantly moistened.

top dressing

Plant care at home includes fertilization. A chrysanthemum in a pot quickly takes the necessary nutrients from the soil, so it should be regularly fed for full growth and abundant flowering. For this, mineral fertilizers are used, for example, a potassium monophosphate solution, since a lack of potassium and phosphorus leads to late flowering. You can also make other multi-component additives containing:

nitrogen;
potassium;
phosphorus.

During the growing season, adult plants should be fed every 10 days with liquid organic matter. If the flower grows in poor soil, then top dressing is carried out every four days with a solution of mullein in a ratio of 1:10. This must be done before the plant begins to bloom. So that from top dressing in the apartment does not stand bad smell, the pot should be taken out to the balcony for one or two days in a shady place.

Transfer

Indoor chrysanthemum growing at home must be transplanted. Young plants undergo this procedure every year, adults - every other year. Such a flower does not grow well in acidic soil, so it is recommended to plant it in garden soil, in which add peat and sand.

Transplantation is carried out by transferring an earthen coma into a larger container. To make flowering more abundant, a small amount of bird droppings is added to the soil. In order to prevent the soil is disinfected by pouring it with boiling water. Once it dries, the flower can be transplanted.

reproduction

Many flower growers mistakenly consider a chrysanthemum growing at home to be an annual plant, and throw it away after flowering. But this is a big mistake, since the plant can be saved and subsequently propagated.

This is done in three ways:

cuttings;
dividing the bush;
with the help of seeds.

The first two methods are the simplest and most successful. Planting this flower is a fairly simple process. Many flower growers plant several cuttings in one pot, resulting in abundant flowering.

pruning

Every year the flower is recommended to be cut. This procedure is carried out after it has faded. In winter, during the dormant period, it is placed in a cool place, for example, in a cellar. In the spring, the chrysanthemum begins to sprout young shoots, so it should be transplant into new soil. For mature plants, this procedure is not considered mandatory. Collect cuttings for planting in the spring, as soon as the flower gets stronger.

Diseases and pests

The main care is to combat the following pests and diseases:

spider mite;
gray rot;
septoria.

The spider mite most often infects the plant. This is evidenced by the appearance of a white cobweb. To get rid of this pest, the following measures are taken: the leaves of the flower are wiped with a cloth, which is moistened in a soapy solution. Also, affected chrysanthemums are treated with drugs such as "Pyrethrum" and "Aktellik".

A gray coating on peduncles and foliage indicates the appearance powdery mildew. It usually occurs due to increased humidity in the air. Such plants should be sprayed with a fungicide and placed in a dry place.

Gray rot is characterized by the appearance on the leaves brown spots. In this case, the flower is treated with foundationazole, after which it is taken out into the sun and well ventilated.

If the plant has been affected by septoria, then in this case it is covered with brown spotting with a yellow border. The flower is treated with foundationazole and the number of waterings is reduced.

For lack of splendor flower cut and pinch. This procedure is carried out throughout the entire period of growth. If this is not done, the plant will have a long stem of an unsightly appearance.

To prolong the flowering period, it is necessary to remove dried leaves and flower buds from time to time. On hot days, the flower is placed in a cool place.

Many gardeners prefer to plant the plant in open ground before the onset of autumn. For the winter it is returned to the pot.

Thus, caring for a chrysanthemum is not so difficult. Growing it in a pot should stick to certain rules and get rid of pests and diseases in a timely manner. Only in this case the flower will grow healthy and strong, delighting its owner with abundant flowering.