Repair of the roof of a five-story building. Installation of flat roofs of various types Roof diagram in a panel house

In some cases (for example, if a metal tile system is being installed on top of an old soft tiles) this is possible. However, it is necessary to understand that a damaged base can begin to rot and, thereby, provoke failure of the new layer. This is why we would not recommend laying new materials on top of old ones. It is better to remove the damaged building material and completely complete the required work, as required by technology.

As practice shows, the overwhelming majority of roofs in ordinary private houses are built in such a way that there is no need to dismantle the roofing base to install an additional insulating layer. If we talk about multi-apartment buildings, then the situation is different: since in multi-storey buildings When fused coatings are used, insulation becomes impossible.

If there is damage to individual structural elements, then only these parts can be replaced. In this case, the area of damage should not exceed 35%. For larger problems, it is worth making a complete replacement. rafter system.

Urgent repairs are required if there is a serious violation of the tightness of the coating: it may be necessary if part of the roof is torn off, water leaks during precipitation, peeling, rupture or swelling of the roofing material.

We provide the following warranty periods:

soft roof: 5 years
metal roofing: 3 years
roll and bitumen coatings: 3 years
polymer tiles and seam roofing: 6 years.

The warranty period depends on the type of work performed and is calculated when drawing up a repair plan. Data on warranty periods must be disclosed to the customer before the start of work and included in the contract.

Any leak is a problem that requires careful and timely repair. Firstly, it is important to correctly determine the cause of the leak. Secondly, when self-repair there is a risk of damaging serviceable elements located nearby. If you are not an expert in roofing work We recommend calling a specialist who will not only fix the problem, but also provide a guarantee for their services.

In order to accurately determine the cause of the appearance of water, an examination will be carried out by a specialist. You can independently determine what is causing the appearance of moisture using the following signs:

when a leak occurs in the roof, water begins to drip in the warm season after rain, and in the cold season during sunny weather and sudden warming.
When condensation accumulates, moisture appears constantly and is practically independent of weather conditions.

For an accurate diagnosis, we recommend calling a specialist who will accurately determine the cause and tell you what actions need to be taken next.

In some cases (for example, if a metal tile system is being installed on top of old soft tiles), this is possible. However, it is necessary to understand that a damaged base can begin to rot and, thereby, provoke failure of the new layer. This is why we would not recommend laying new materials on top of old ones. It is better to remove the damaged building material and completely complete the required work, as required by technology.

As practice shows, the overwhelming majority of roofs in ordinary private houses are built in such a way that there is no need to dismantle the roofing base to install an additional insulating layer. If we talk about multi-apartment buildings, then the situation is different: since fused coatings are used in multi-storey buildings, insulation becomes impossible.

We provide the following warranty periods:

soft roof: 5 years
metal roofing: 3 years
roll and bitumen coatings: 3 years
polymer tiles and seam roofing: 6 years.

Any leak is a problem that requires careful and timely repair. Firstly, it is important to correctly determine the cause of the leak. Secondly, when doing self-repair, there is a risk of damaging serviceable elements located nearby. If you are not a roofing specialist, we recommend calling a specialist who will not only fix the problem, but also provide a guarantee for his services.

when a leak occurs in the roof, water begins to drip in the warm season after rain, and in the cold season during sunny weather and sudden warming.
When condensation accumulates, moisture appears constantly and is practically independent of weather conditions.

For an accurate diagnosis, we recommend calling a specialist who will accurately determine the cause and tell you what actions need to be taken next.

First you need to figure out what a one-and-a-half-story house is. This is a house with an attic, that is, the upper floor of such a building has a smaller area, which is reduced due to the roof slopes. Because to the height attic floor walls are not understood, the roof of a one-and-a-half-story house simultaneously functions as walls, that is, it must not only protect from precipitation and effectively drain rain and melt water, but also serve as enclosing structures, reliably protecting the room from cold and noise.

First you need to understand what an attic is. Essentially, this is a living space located in the attic area and formed by the roof slopes. It is advantageous to build houses with an attic for aesthetic and economic reasons. The advantages of such buildings include the following:

Without spending money on building a full second floor, the owners receive additional living space.
The time to build a house with an attic is less than the time required to build a full-fledged one two-story house with the same living area.
The attic floor can be equipped in an already inhabited house. At the same time, you do not need to move out of it during the installation of the attic.
With proper arrangement of the attic, you can significantly reduce the heat loss of the building as a whole.
Attic buildings make it possible to increase the building density, which is important where the amount of land allocated for housing is limited.

Important! Only a room in which the horizontal line of intersection of the slopes and walls is located from the floor of the upper floor at a height of at least 1.5 meters can be called attic. Otherwise, this space is called an attic.

Types of mansard roofs

A one-and-a-half-story house can overlap different roof. In many ways, the shape of the attic space depends on the type of roof chosen. The attic floor itself can have a triangular, asymmetrical or broken shape. Moreover, it can be located both over the entire area of the house, and over its separate part.

The following types of roofs are suitable for one-and-a-half-story houses:

The simplest option is pitched roof. This is normal inclined plane, which rests on two opposite load-bearing walls the buildings.
Gable or gable design is used most often. It is quite reliable, easy to install and consists of two slopes running in different sides from the ridge.
Broken roofing is a type gable system. Typically this option is used in small buildings. It is ideal for arranging an attic, as it allows you to maximize the usable area of the room.
Half-hip and hip design are a type hipped roof. If we talk about a half-hip roof, then it is more suitable for arranging an attic, since it allows you to make two vertical windows in end walls under shortened hips. Under hip roof the area of the attic floor will be significantly smaller than the area of the first floor.
Pyramid, dome and conical roof are also suitable for these purposes, although it will be more difficult to arrange an attic under them.

Design features

Structurally, all attics can be divided into several types:

single-level system under a sloping or gable roof;
single-level attic with remote consoles;
two-level structure on mixed type supports.

Attention! When choosing a type of roof for arranging the attic floor, focus on the intensity of snow and wind loads on the roof surface.

When arranging an attic roof, the following requirements must be taken into account:

When choosing building materials And design diagram it is necessary to take into account the parameters and characteristics of the building as a whole.
It is important not to forget about the illumination of attic spaces. For this you can use attic and dormer windows, as well as ordinary vertical windows in the walls under shortened hips. When choosing the location of windows, it is worth considering the architectural appearance of the building.
It is worth not forgetting about the stairs, with which you can get to the attic. It must be located inside the house, have a normal slope and be safe.
Particular care must be taken when choosing a roofing covering, thermal insulation material for the roof, waterproofing and sealing of all joints and cracks.

If the roof slopes intersect with the walls of the house very close to the floor level of the attic floor, then the rafter gap is sewn up lightweight structures to the standard height (1.5 m). The space behind the vertical cladding can be used to organize storage areas.

It is worth knowing: the width of the structure in which it is planned to equip the attic must be at least 4.5 m. The minimum area of the attic floor is 7 m². Height to usable area should be 1 to 2.

A broken mansard roof is made if the dimensions of the room do not fit into the triangle, which is formed by a conventional gable structure. With the broken option, you can reduce the useless area that will be hidden behind the side lining to the required height.

The optimal attic height is 2.5 m. When used sloping roof it is easier to achieve the required parameter. In any case, it is important to remember that than larger angle the slope of the roof slopes, the higher and more spacious the attic will be. Optimal angle The slope of the rafter system in this case is approximately 45-60°.

Roofing pie for attic roof

To ensure that the living space under the roof is warm and quiet, the design should include the following layers:

Must be attached to the bottom of the rafters vapor barrier film. It will not allow condensation to accumulate in the thermal insulation material due to the temperature difference in the house and outside.
It is laid between the rafters thermal insulation material. To keep the attic warm, you need to lay insulation 200 mm thick. If the height of the rafters is not enough for this, a beam of the required section is nailed to them from below.
Waterproofing must be attached to the upper edge of the rafters using a construction stapler. It will not allow rain and melt water to penetrate to the supporting frame and insulation.
After the waterproofing carpet comes the counter batten. It is needed to form a ventilation gap, which is especially important for mansard roofs. A 30-40 mm high rake will provide ventilation of the space between the waterproofing and the roofing. It is nailed directly to the rafters on top of the waterproofing carpet.
After the counterbatten, continuous or sparse lathing is performed. Its choice depends on the type of roofing used. So, under roofs made of soft rolled materials (for example, flexible tiles), a continuous sheathing made of boards, OSB or moisture-resistant plywood is installed. The sparse lathing is made from boards 0.25 cm thick and is suitable for corrugated sheets, metal tiles, and ondulin. If the coating is heavy enough (slate, natural tiles), then the continuous sheathing is done according to eaves overhangs, in the area of the ridge, valleys and ribs of the roof.
The roofing covering must be selected taking into account the climatic characteristics of the region, the slope of the roof and the requirements for the room.

Important! In an attic covered with metal tiles or profiled sheets, it can be too noisy during rain and hail. It is worth considering this fact if you plan to place a bedroom there.

It is also worth remembering that the ventilation space created by the counter-batten will only be effectively ventilated if appropriate aeration openings are left under the face ridge element and at the bottom of the eaves overhang.

Roof leaks are experienced by residents on the top floor and residents on the lower floors below them. In a 5-story panel building covered with rolled materials, water can penetrate to the 4th and even 3rd floor. In 9-story brick buildings, the 9th and 8th floors are subject to leakage. And how unsightly does a room into which water flows from the ceiling of the top floor look!

In addition, leaks are often observed in apartments and staircases. In this case, the water can reach the 1st floor, running down the stairs without obstacles. Such a disaster is fraught with the penetration of water into electrical panels located on the site, which will lead to short circuits and “burnout” of the panels. This is serious damage, fraught not only with water invasion and dampness, but can also lead to accidents. Therefore, repairs should be carried out immediately.

What and who can help with a roof leak?

Photo 1 - Covering a leaking roof with new roofing material
Photo 2 - Roof covering with bitumen-polymer roll

Photo 3 -Modern rolled materials
Photo 4 — Repair of the roof of an apartment building

About, what to do if the roof is leaking apartment building , there are many different tips:

turn to utility companies for help, housing cooperative, society of co-owners;
write an application to the city executive committee, the State Housing Inspectorate;
file a lawsuit;
gather the neighbors of the entrance to solve the problem;
try to prevent the leak on your own.

As experience shows, in our time nothing helps except the initiative and funds of the owners who suffer from the development of roof leaks. However, you need to try other methods, and what if someone helps at least partially, or your house is put on scheduled repairs!

Repairs at residents' expense

To the question: “What to do if the roof of an apartment building is leaking?”, today there is one correct answer. “Needs repairs!” The residents themselves raise money for materials and work, and thus solve the problem. What else should I do? Refusals, deferments, unsubscribes come from managers. The court's decision can be expected for years. If careless people live in the entrance and are not bothered by leaks, then the residents of those apartments in which leaks are observed have to take the rap. In this case, you can try to resolve the issue of partial compensation from the company to which rent is paid monthly.

How and what to do if the roof of an apartment building leaks?

Prevention of leakage depends on the shape of the covering and the roofing materials used. Let's look at the most common case of leakage flat roof, covered with rolled bitumen materials. In past times, most houses were covered with roofing felt. Of course, for long time After use, the roofing material had become worn out and areas peeled off from the sun and precipitation appeared.

Photo 5 - Peeling of roofing material
Photo 6 - Crack

1. First you need to inspect the coating and determine the level of damage visually.

2. Most The best way to eliminate troubles - completely cover the entire surface area with new roofing material (forms 1-2). Those owners of high-rise buildings who decide to cover the entire house act wisely. For this there are many quality materials(f.3). If there is no money to cover the entire house, at least one entrance is completely repaired. This solution may eliminate the lesions, but does not guarantee full protection. The tricky thing about flat roof leaks is that water can move across the floors in any direction. If the roof is “leaky” at the junction or near the drainage pipe, then there is a possibility that the leakage will stop if these places are sealed (f.4).

3. When there are problems financial plan do not allow you to block the entire entrance, you can try to fix the leak with selective repairs. The success of such repairs will be temporary (if any). But if major renovation If your home is scheduled to have its roof replaced in a couple of years, you should try to correct the situation for at least a few seasons. At the same time, cracks, swelling, and peeling at the joints are sealed (f. 5.6)

4. Often the owner who experiences the “waterfall” the most tries to correct the situation on his own or with the help of specialists. If he has a 2-room apartment with total area 56 sq.m., he buys one or two 10-meter rolls of rubemast or other similar material. This coating can cover 20 sq.m. planes at the affected sites. New roofing material laid in the most emergency areas. In places near drainpipes and in other areas you can treat the plane with a special polymer mastic.

How to repair?

In case of swelling, the affected area is opened crosswise cutting tool and turn back the edges. Then the mastic is applied inside with a spatula, and the edges are returned to their place and nailed. The damaged area is covered with a patch that is several cm larger than the damage. Broken seams are cleaned, lubricated with mastic and nailed. If there is material, apply a patch on top along the entire seam. The cracks are sealed in a similar way with mastic, and a “patch” is applied on top. In places where damage is frequent, lay a strip or two of new material.

To significant disadvantages panel construction may be attributed to insufficient thermal insulation of the structure. And this question especially concerns the roof structure. Waterproofing and insulation of the roof is an issue that periodically concerns all residents panel house, especially those who live on the top floor. The appearance of cracks and cracks in the roof covering, its insufficient insulation and a thin layer lead to large heat losses in the cold season, the appearance of leaks and drafts, and a decrease in performance characteristics the entire building. Therefore, insulation of the roof of a house must be carried out in a timely manner to avoid deformation of the rafter system, which can lead to roof collapse. In the case of a flat roof, which has a base in the form of a concrete slab, insufficient thermal and waterproofing of the roof can lead not only to high heat loss, but also to the appearance of dampness and fungus in the rooms of the upper floors.

Types of roofing of modern panel houses

During construction panel houses most often arranged flat types roofs with different types of roofing coverings or attic roofs with a slight slope that prevents the accumulation of snow and moisture on the roofing.

The most popular types of roofing for modern panel houses are roll roofing, multilayer bitumen shingles, soft roof and flexible tiles. Depending on the type of roof covering and roof type, the roof insulation technology and the type of heat insulator are selected. The following types of thermal insulation materials are used to insulate panel houses:

polystyrene foam boards;

mineral wool insulation;

rigid polyurethane foam.

Technology for insulating the roof of a panel house

Most in a simple way Insulating a flat roof involves spraying one or more layers of rigid polyurethane foam. This method allows you to create a durable and moisture-resistant roof covering with good frost-resistant characteristics. The main advantage of PPU roof insulation is quick application thermal insulation coating with excellent mechanical strength and low thermal conductivity. Sprayed polyurethane foam is suitable for insulating soft roofs and roofs with big amount architectural elements. In addition to insulating the roof with polyurethane foam, there are several other ways to use the insulator, for example, to seal seams and joints and repair worn-out roofing.

Another popular method of thermal insulation is roof insulation with polystyrene foam, which is laid on the concrete roof slab in one or several layers to create waterproofing that protects the heat insulator from moisture penetration and condensation formation. Extruded polystyrene foam is suitable as insulation for any type of roof; this moisture-resistant and lightweight thermal insulation material for roof insulation has high mechanical strength and frost resistance and is included in the composition roofing pie when insulating pitched roofs. Its cheaper analogue is polystyrene foam, which is used for internal insulation roofing in attic roof structures. Since some types of foam plastic are considered flammable material, mineral wool slabs are used to insulate the roof from the inside, which are attached to the sheathing and covered vapor barrier material, preventing condensation from entering the surface of the insulation.

The technology of roof insulation with mineral wool on flat and sloping roofs of panel houses is carried out in two ways, using a single-layer or two-layer roofing cake. In the first case, roll or mastic waterproofing is laid on the concrete floor, then insulation is attached: polystyrene foam or mineral wool boards, after which it is laid protective membrane And roof covering, for example, soft roofing. The second method is to create double thermal insulation from different types insulation, which allows you to create a high roof insulation cake that prevents dampness concrete floor, and, therefore, retains heat in the rooms of the upper floors.