New product – warm plaster. Is it really that warm? Insulating plaster: pros and cons Thermal insulation of walls with plaster

Warm plaster For interior work is a relatively young building material that simultaneously performs three functions: levels and decorates walls, and also provides comfortable temperature indoors. Some types of this material also have soundproofing properties.

Most often, heat-insulating plaster for interior work consists of the following substances:

1. Fillers.
2. They can be very diverse: from sawdust to foamed polystyrene. Binding component.
3. The most commonly used cement is grade 400 or 500. Gypsum and slaked lime are also used, but extremely rarely. Additional components.

The composition of warm plaster most often includes cement, additional components and filler, on which the level of thermal insulation depends

Types of material Basic performance characteristics

• plasters depend on the type of filler: Expanded polystyrene.
• It has the same level of thermal insulation as polystyrene foam. In addition, its cost is relatively low. But the material is flammable and releases harmful substances when burned. Sawdust. This is the most
• cheap material
• , which is considered environmentally friendly. The level of thermal insulation is low, but you can use it to make warm plasters yourself.
• Perlite.

Vermiculite.

It is made from mica. The main advantages are fire safety, mechanical strength and biological safety. But just like the previous material, vermiculite has a high level of hygroscopicity.

1. High level of thermal insulation. A 5 cm layer of plaster has the same thermal insulation value as two rows of bricks.
2. Good level of sound insulation.
3. Fire safety. Most materials used for insulation are non-flammable. The exception is foamed polystyrene, but it is not very popular.
4. Relatively light weight. This type finishing material is lighter than most ordinary plasters, so there will be no unnecessary impact on the walls and foundation of the house.
5. Adhesion. Warm plaster mixtures have good adhesion to most building materials.
6. Environmental friendliness. In most cases, substances of natural origin are used to produce this material.
7. Ease of installation. This plaster is applied in a thin layer, so installation of a reinforcing mesh is not required.

The main disadvantage is the fact that warm plaster is slightly inferior to standard insulation in terms of thermal conductivity. In addition, the mixtures are quite expensive.

Brief overview of factory-produced plasters

Knauf Grűnband. The plasters of this brand are considered the highest quality and most popular on the modern market. This material is produced on the basis of cement, and the filler is polystyrene foam with a fraction of about 1.5 mm. In addition, the composition contains additional components that increase the performance characteristics of the finished coatings. After drying, the plaster is not afraid of water and has a structural coating. The thermal conductivity of the mixture is 0.55 W/m°C. Minimum thickness

Knauf Grűnband - warm plaster with expanded polystyrene filler AuBenputzPerlit FS-402. Lightweight plaster based on Portland cement, to which perlite is added. The mixture was developed specifically for finishing cellular concrete surfaces, but it can be used on any surface, including old plaster. Insulated surfaces do not have the highest thermal conductivity coefficient - 0.16 W/m°C. The filler fraction does not exceed 0.6 mm, resulting in the formation of a textured coating that requires further decoration. The maximum layer is 50 mm, and the consumption is 10 kg per

square meter

with a layer of 10 mm..

Unis Teplon – plaster with gypsum base and perlite filler

Warm plaster based on cement with the addition of foam glass with a fraction of 3 mm. After drying, the surface requires further finishing. The recommended layer is 40 mm, it will dry in 28 days. The mixtures are packaged in 12 kg bags, consumption is approximately 5 kg per square meter. De Luxe Teplolux - warm plaster with foam glass filler Paladium Palaplaster-207.

high level

sound absorption. It is made of cement and foam glass. Typically, plaster is used to create rough surfaces for wallpapering or painting. The solution dries quite quickly: 2-3 days. Consumption is only 4 kg per square meter, and it is supplied in 12 kg bags.

Paladium Palaplaster-207 - thermal insulation mixture with foam glass filler

On a note! You should not make a conclusion about purchasing a certain type of plaster based only on consumption or cost indicators. The lower the consumption, the more expensive each kilogram of dry mixture will be, so it is better to make a full calculation in advance and decide on the budget.

How to prepare plaster with your own hands

The prices for ready-made mixtures are quite high, and if you look at the cost of individual components, the idea arises of making the mixture yourself. It is only important to remember that inaccuracies in the production process can significantly affect the quality of the finished coating.

Do-it-yourself warm plaster is prepared according to several recipes. The first version of the solution is 1 part cement, 1 part regular construction sand , 4 parts perlite. All calculations are carried out based on the volume, not the mass of materials. You will also need water, but it is almost impossible to name its exact amount. The result should be a mixture with the consistency of thick sour cream. In some cases, the proportions change, for example, 1 part cement, 1 part sand and 5 parts perlite, as well as 1:2:3, respectively. It is also permissible to add PVA glue, but not more than 1% of total mass

solution.

Most often, polystyrene foam or perlite is used for homemade warm plaster. The second option involves the presence of plasticizers. You can insulate with such compounds internal surfaces

any type. To make this plaster, first of all, prepare a special solution. Carboxymethylcellulose, as well as plasticizers, the total amount of which should not exceed 1%, are dissolved in a small amount of water. All this must be thoroughly mixed and the solution allowed to brew. Then 1 part of the solution is mixed with 1 part of cement, 2 parts of perlite and 2 parts of sand are added. Mix thoroughly until a homogeneous material with the consistency of thick sour cream is obtained, after which it should be immediately used for its intended purpose.

Warm plasters are a good option for those who want to stop using standard insulation and at the same time decorate their home. Such compositions are not cheap, but you can save a lot if you prepare everything yourself.

Both old and modern houses do not have a high degree of thermal insulation. The reason for this is thin walls made of brick and reinforced concrete. These materials conduct heat quite well.

Over time, additional troubles are added to this - cracks in the walls, destruction of finishing and sealing of joints between panel slabs.

The rising cost of utility bills is forcing residents of both private and apartment buildings to think about changing the situation for the better.

The condition of the walls of the house is of no small importance for creating and maintaining a comfortable microclimate in the interior. The walls must retain heat, be airtight and vapor permeable. House facades can be insulated both inside and outside.

External insulation is the most popular, since it does not involve reducing the internal usable area premises. There are various options for insulating facades.

One of the ways of effective and inexpensive thermal insulation is the use of special building mixtures. This is the so-called warm plaster.

Material properties

Warm plaster is a dry mixture consisting of hollow material, cement, glue and various plasticizers. The majority of the volume of the mixture is occupied by the hollow material. Due to this, thermal insulation is achieved.

As a rule, tiny granules of polystyrene foam or foam glass are used as hollow filler.

The addition of plasticizers allows the hardened mortar to maintain a certain elasticity, which prevents cracking of the surface during severe frost or deformation of the wall.

Polymers provide mechanical strength finished coating. With their help, the solution reliably adheres to the surface.

Cement is the binding ingredient for components mixtures.

Frost-resistant plaster of this type has the following positive properties:

• affordable price;
• vapor permeability;
• low thermal conductivity;
• waterproof;
• strength;
• resistance to wall deformation;
• high degree of sound insulation;
• non-flammability;
• immunity to mold;
• environmental cleanliness;
• long service life;
• resistance to high and low temperatures;
• high adhesion to all materials;
• low specific gravity;
• high surface processing speed;
• no need for additional finishing.

Facade plaster after application to the surface has a presentable appearance. In terms of thermal insulation properties, it successfully replaces coatings made from foam plastic boards.

Warm facade plaster has certain advantages over other insulation materials.

These include the following:

1. Frost-resistant facade plaster, after application to the wall, creates a single monolithic layer. The absence of joints can significantly improve the insulating qualities.
2. The work of applying the solution is carried out in one stage. This allows the solution to be applied to the surface in one working day. This factor significantly reduces the cost of work.
3. No cold bridges. When treating walls with warm plaster it is not used fastening material, through which the cold passes to the main walls.
4. The simplicity of the technology makes it possible to carry out work on one’s own, without the involvement of hired workers
5. During surface insulation, deep drilling of the wall surface is not carried out. This helps prevent the structure from weakening concrete panels and their destruction from vibration.
6. There is no need to level surfaces before applying the solution. Defects are eliminated immediately by applying plaster, which is an excellent filler for cracks and holes.
7. A unique opportunity to carry out insulation, restoration and insulation work on complex surfaces. Due to its ability to adhere to any material and retain its shape, any convex or concave surface can be covered with a solution of warm plaster.
8. Frost-resistant facade plaster has a composition that prevents the appearance and proliferation of insects, bacteria and fungi. Mold will never appear in such a coating, a colony of ants or a swarm of bees will never settle.
9. The environmental friendliness of the material allows it to be applied to walls glazed balconies. This is much faster and cheaper than traditional insulation using lathing, glass wool and MDF panels.
10. There is no need to sand the finished surface after drying. It looks like a rather fashionable and practical covering for a “fur coat”.

Insulating houses with this type of plaster is quite simple process, not requiring use high technology. At its core, this is a common job of plastering external walls.

The building materials market offers different kinds mixtures for insulating houses. For external works The most suitable is a frost-resistant mixture based on foam glass or expanded polystyrene filler.

Tools and materials

To carry out work on insulating houses, goats are used, scaffolding or climbing equipment. Scaffolding and sawhorses can be rented. It will be more difficult with climbing equipment, since it requires special skills.

For quality work The following materials are needed:

1. Warm plaster. Frost-resistant facade plaster is sold in bags weighing 12 kg and 25 kg. Average mixture consumption per 1 sq. m of base, with a layer thickness of 40 mm, is about 15 kg. As a rule, such a layer is sufficient to achieve the set goal of insulation and waterproofing.
2. Liquid primer. Purchased in quantities necessary for high-quality processing of the base. Material consumption for all types of surfaces is indicated on the packaging.
3. Self-tapping screws and dowels for installing beacons. Purchased at the rate of 6 sets per 1 sq. m.
4. Reinforcement mesh. Necessary to strengthen the material when applying two layers with a total thickness of more than 40 mm. The area of ​​the mesh should be 30% larger than the area of ​​the base, taking into account its overlap.

To insulate facades, there are enough tools that are found in almost every home.

The list of such tools and devices is quite small:

• hammer drill with a set of concrete drills and a mixer;
• hammer;
• screwdriver;
• steel spatulas 10 cm and 50 cm;
• notched spatula 40-50 cm;
• building level;
• paint brush;
• paint roller;
• roller made of dense material;
• plaster rule;
• safety glasses and gloves;
• container for mixing the solution (at least 30 l);
• buckets for solution;
• rope for lifting buckets.

In stores you can inquire about the availability of rental construction equipment. Such specific devices as a plaster rule, trestles or scaffolding may subsequently not be needed for decades, and will take up quite a lot of space.

Preparatory work

Before insulating a house, it is necessary to prepare the wall surface.

This process includes the following actions:

• removal of protruding fragments of reinforcement, brick and concrete;
• cleaning the surface from unstable old coating, paint and bitumen;
• clearing interpanel joints from stone chips and old insulating material;
• sealing large cracks and holes with façade sealant;
• degreasing and removing dust from the base for insulation;
• treating the base with a liquid primer;

After the primer has dried, a thin layer of solution should be applied to the base. This technique is used to improve the adhesion strength of the solution to the base. The layer thickness should be 3-5 mm.

In a day you can start working.

Application of the solution to the surface must be carried out in dry, warm weather. The work area must be fenced off with caution tape. First of all, scaffolding, sawhorses and climbing equipment are installed.

This is done as follows:

1. The mixture is poured from the bag into the container. Considering high consumption material (30-40 liters of solution per 1 sq. m), you need to mix at least 12 kg of the mixture. Don't experiment or get creative by adding other substances. This can only ruin it.
2. Water is poured into the container. The proportions for preparing the solution are indicated on the packaging of the material. Using a mixer inserted into a perforator, the ingredients are mixed at low speeds. Depending on the volume of material, this takes from 5 to 10 minutes.
3. The resulting solution should be left alone for 8-10 minutes, then mixed again. This is necessary to achieve complete homogeneity of the resulting material. After that you can use it. Liquid warm plaster retains its working qualities for 3-4 hours.

It should be noted that at high temperatures, the time to use the finished solution can be reduced to 1.5-2 hours. And, at temperatures above +35ºС, work is not recommended.

Laying is carried out in the following order:

1. Beacons are installed every 40-50 cm. This will make it possible to lay out a layer of mortar of precisely adjusted thickness. The recommended size of one layer of plaster is no more than 40 mm. Otherwise, the material will slide and deform under its own weight.
2. The solution is applied to the wall with a wide spatula. For ease of use, you can first apply the mixture with a smaller spatula. After processing 1-1.5 linear meters of the wall, the surface is leveled according to the rule. Excess solution is collected in a bucket and reused.
3. The beacons are removed from the holes. The remaining holes are filled with solution, the surface is leveled.
4. If the coating thickness is more than 40 mm, reinforcing mesh is glued on top of the first level. It can be glued to plaster 2 hours after application to the wall.
5. A layer of plaster is applied to the mesh, its surface is profiled using a notched trowel. This will allow the second layer to firmly adhere to the first.
6. The second layer of plaster is applied in the same way as the first. The work is carried out after it has hardened. This takes 1-2 days.

The treated wall has a gray, grainy surface. The owner of the house decides for himself what to do next - leave the wall as it is, or make it smooth.

For grinding, an abrasive mesh and sandpaper. After sanding, warm plaster hardens within 3-5 days, depending on the thickness of the applied coating.

Finishing

The finishing of the insulation applied to the facade of a house can be carried out in various ways.

For these purposes, the following materials are used:

• frost-resistant paint;
• ceramic tile;
• fake diamond;
• facade thermal panels;
• granite chips.

Before finishing, the coating surface is primed and cleaned from dirt and dust.

The paint is applied with a roller or paint brush. It is better to paint a smooth surface with a roller. For a façade finished like a fur coat, you need to use a paint brush so that the paint penetrates into all the recesses.

Coloring can be carried out in one, two or more stages until the color becomes even and uniform.

Ceramic tiles and artificial stone can be glued directly to the plaster. Its surface is dense and durable enough to withstand additional weight.

For gluing, use the mixture on cement based or frost-resistant acrylic mastic. The seams between the tiles are filled with a special façade sealant. Cured seams can be painted to match the color of the material.

Facade panels are quite light in weight and have excellent thermal insulation properties. They can become not only a finishing material, but also additional insulation.

They are attached to the surface with an adhesive solution. Convenient tongue-and-groove fastening allows you to create a seamless connection of panels.

Granite chips are applied to the facade using a spray gun or manually. The basis of this coating is transparent varnish or paint.

In addition to its undeniable beauty, granite chips will give the walls the properties of a very practical coating. It will simply be impossible to write or scratch anything on such a surface.

An insulated wall will serve the owners of the house for at least 25 years, protecting them from cold and dampness.

A good owner, when planning the construction or renovation of his home, is obliged to think through everything to the smallest detail. In a series of issues to be resolved, one of the primary ones is always insulation - the house must have comfortable conditions for people, and decoration - everyone wants to live in an aesthetic environment. Practice shows that very often these problems overlap, and whole line technological operations is aimed at simultaneously solving both sides of the issue.

One of the materials that meets this complex concept of “insulation + finishing” is warm plaster for interior work. By applying it to the walls, the master levels them and, with correct thermal engineering calculations, at the same time gives them the required degree of thermal insulation.

This publication will be structured as follows:

• Anyone who has experience in construction finishing works, can immediately calculate required thickness applying warm plaster to ensure effective thermal insulation, and then the amount of material that will be required for these purposes. To do this, two convenient calculators are located at the beginning of the article.
• Beginners are advised to first familiarize themselves with the theory: the purpose and composition of warm plasters of various types, the principles of carrying out the necessary calculations, a brief overview popular brands. After this, it will be easy to return to the calculators and competently make calculations.

Calculators for calculating warm plaster

Calculator for calculating the required thickness of a warm plaster layer

The meaning of the calculation is that the enclosing structure (including, in fact, the main wall itself and layers of insulation) must have a total heat transfer resistance no lower than that established regulatory documents(SNiP) for a given region in accordance with its climatic characteristics.

warm plaster

• The value of the normalized heat transfer resistance (R) can be taken from the diagram below:

• Main wall parameters. The material to be finished with warm plaster includes the material of its manufacture and thickness in millimeters.
• Warm plaster is extremely rarely used as the main insulation, and more often becomes an addition to the main layer. It is necessary to enter the parameters of this layer: thickness and type of insulation material.

In construction, two main methods of insulating the outer walls of buildings are used - erecting false walls with further filling of the resulting space with insulation or gluing the outer surface with foam sheets. Due to the simplicity of installation work and low cost, such insulation methods attract attention. When for some reason it is impossible to use such thermal insulation options, use warm plaster for outdoor work. This material appeared on the construction market relatively recently, but due to its high cost it has not yet become widespread.

Types of warm plaster and its composition

The finishing material is made on the basis of cement, and as a filler Most often, foam granules, expanded clay chips, crushed pumice or perlite sand are used.
Most universal look is a plaster with filler and from expanded vermiculite, obtained during heat treatment of the rock of the same name. Warm plaster is a good option for exterior work; masonry can be done with your own hands. Material with mineral filler can be used for interior and exterior finishing work, in addition, it has a pronounced antiseptic effect.
Sawdust plaster consists of clay, sawdust, paper fragments and cement. Thanks to this composition, the material is suitable for finishing external surfaces. If sawdust plaster used for interior work and applied to concrete or wooden walls, then during the drying of the plastered surfaces it is necessary to carry out timely ventilation - this will help to avoid the formation of fungi and mold. It should be noted that the period of complete drying of the walls can last up to 2 weeks.


For interior decoration the most suitable and reliable type building material is considered to be plaster, which includes polystyrene foam, lime, cement and other components. This is the most common type of finishing material, so it is worthwhile to dwell in more detail on the description of its characteristics. However, it is worth remembering that doing warm plaster for exterior work with your own hands requires a clear command of the technology.

Using warm plaster

This material is used not only for exterior finishing, but also for thermal insulation:
gender and interfloor ceilings;
window and door slopes;
building basement;
cold and hot water;
for clogging the joints of ceilings and walls;
giving internal walls soundproofing;
to increase the thermal insulation of walls built using today's popular well masonry technology.

Comparison of the material with traditional insulation

First of all, you should pay attention to the effectiveness of applying a layer of material to the facade of the building. For clarity, let’s make a comparison with a surface insulated with sheets of foam plastic or mineral wool, followed by applying a layer of plaster on top of them. The comparison will be carried out in three directions: density, degree of moisture absorption and flammability.
During the analysis it was found that warm plaster is 10 times heavier other thermal insulation materials, this means that due to the weight of the walls, you will have to take care of laying a more reliable foundation.


To obtain heat saving indicators similar to those provided by polystyrene foam or mineral insulation, a layer of warm plaster will have to be applied 1.5-2 times denser. Based on the calculations made, it was established that the layer thickness should be 100-200 mm, with a recommended maximum of 50 mm. It is not difficult to guess that you will have to apply plaster to the external and internal surfaces of the walls. In the future, the walls will need to be treated primer and decorative putty. This warm plaster for do-it-yourself exterior work has a number of distinctive properties.
Following are the main advantages of warm plaster:
option for application on uneven surfaces;
high speed of plastering walls;
possibility of application without the use of reinforcing mesh;
good adhesion (compared to other finishing materials);
absence of metal components that can become “cold bridges”;
impossibility of damage to the surface by rodents after finishing.

Material application method

The technology for performing finishing work using warm plaster is not very different from the method of applying conventional plaster.
First of all, you need clean the surface walls from debris and dust, treat it with deeply penetrating impregnations. In addition, experts recommend using a special plaster mesh. The wall surface should be well moistened before applying a layer of warm plaster.
Typically, the entire package of dry mixture is used for preparation, but it is important to note that the prepared solution should be used within 2 hours. You can apply the composition mechanized way or manually. If, when turning over, the composition scooped up with a trowel holds well, then the warm plaster for exterior work has a good consistency and is ready for use.
Since the composition is applied in layers, you will need the most simple tools:
putty knife;
Master OK;
grater.
The thickness of each layer should not exceed 20 mm. It is important to apply the next layer after the previous one has completely dried, that is, after approximately 4-5 hours. Duration drying period depends on air humidity and ambient temperature, so it may take a little longer. The mixture is applied to the wall with a spatula, using smooth movements from bottom to top. If you apply too much plaster to the surface, it will begin to slide.


Time will help ensure the quality of the work. After a few weeks, you need to inspect the surface of the walls and, if mistakes were made, they will appear in the form of swellings, cracks and geometry changes premises, which are checked using building level or plumb line. At the same time, by 1 linear meter Horizontal and vertical deviation is permissible no more than 3 mm.
Due to the fact that the thickness of the layer of warm plaster does not exceed 50 mm, and the surface does not have fiber, the statement about soundproofing properties material. Especially, finishing material does not have elasticity, which will be sufficient to dampen pops, sharp sounds and knocks.

Internal wall insulation with warm plaster, its features, advantages and disadvantages, preparatory stage work, material application technology and surface finishing.

Features of internal wall insulation with warm plaster

Plaster with a base of foam granules has universal properties. It can be used both inside and outside the building. In addition to the filler, its composition includes lime, cement, plasticizers and other additives that give construction mixture special properties. Specific gravity such plaster is 200-300 kg/m3, thermal conductivity is 0.065 W/m*C and hydrophobicity is 70% by weight of the material.

Warm plaster containing sawdust as a filler is used exclusively for interior work. This is due to its sensitivity to moisture. The plaster layer takes a long time to dry, and the room during this procedure requires good ventilation to avoid the appearance of fungus on damp walls. But in terms of environmental safety this material flawless.

Warm plasters that include particles in their composition are considered universal. rocks- perlite, vermiculite, pumice, as well as expanded clay chips. They can also be used to insulate walls from the inside and outside.

If we compare the thermal insulation parameters of polystyrene foam and warm plaster, it turns out that the first material is 2 times warmer than the second. And for complete insulation of cold walls in our climatic zone You will need a layer of polystyrene foam about 10 cm thick.

The following becomes clear: in order to achieve such a thermal insulation threshold, it will be necessary to apply a layer of warm plaster coating to the walls, the thickness of which should be more than 20 cm. However, it is not recommended to make such a coating more than 5 cm thick, since it may collapse under its own weight. Therefore, insulation of walls with warm plaster from the inside is most often carried out in combination with external thermal insulation building.

Advantages and disadvantages of insulating with plaster from the inside

Thanks to the polymer additives included in the mixture, this plaster has excellent adhesion to any wall materials: aerated concrete, metal, ceramics and others.

Warm plaster easily allows air to pass through, while retaining water without getting wet. Therefore, walls covered with this material are protected from mold. In addition, warm plaster is biologically resistant, so the formation of microflora in it is excluded. By treating the walls of a room from the inside with this material, you can not only insulate it, but also make it cleaner environmentally.

The effectiveness of insulation using such plaster is high not only due to the low thermal conductivity of the material, but also due to its close contact with the surface of the walls over their entire area without the formation of any cold bridges.

Another remarkable property of warm plaster is its fire resistance. Unlike expanded polystyrene and other similar insulation materials, insulating plaster coatings excellently protect walls without collapsing from extreme heat and open fire. Moreover, the layer of plaster does not have to be thick.

According to manufacturers promoting warm plaster mixtures to the market, this material, applied to the walls with a layer of 2 cm, is equivalent in its thermal insulation qualities to a masonry of 2 bricks or a concrete wall about 1 m thick. Taking this fact into account, it is easy to calculate how much it will decrease the weight of the structure and how much materials can be saved thanks to warm plaster. However, other experts consider this opinion to be quite controversial in terms of the asserted relationships. It’s just that applying this material is much easier than traditional insulation with its fastening, primer and finishing layer. By the way, during a work shift, a team of three people can treat more than 80 m2 of walls with a warm mixture.

In addition to the above advantages, warm plaster also has other unique properties: the complete absence of toxic inclusions, the material is made from natural components that have undergone heat treatment; at any temperature, the plaster is environmentally friendly; it does not decompose, does not burn or freeze.

The disadvantages of the material include the following:

• Warm plaster made from polystyrene foam granules requires finishing coating. This does not apply to mixtures containing rock fillers.
• The high price of plasters based on perlite, pumice and vermiculite.
• The need for layer-by-layer application of material to the walls. Thick coating applied in one layer has high probability sliding off the wall under the influence of its own weight.

Preparatory work

The purpose of the preparatory work is to improve the adhesion of the insulating coating with base surface walls To do this, each of them needs to be filled with shingles or narrow slats of 5 mm, thus obtaining a space on which the plaster mixture will be well held. After this, it is necessary to stretch the mesh on the manufactured frame and fix it with nails, driving them into the slats.

The fastening step is assumed to be 10 cm, it must be done in a checkerboard pattern. The mesh can be woven or metal with cells of 50x50 mm. Recommended to use metal mesh, since the woven mesh has less strength and fits too tightly to the wall surface.

To make it possible to level the plaster layer on the walls, it is necessary to install beacon profiles. They need to be pressed into mortar mixture type Ceresit or Rotband, applied in molds to the base every 0.3 m, and then leveled in a plane. Beacons should be installed vertically in increments of 0.2 m less than the length of the plaster rule.

Before plastering, the walls must be moistened generously with water. This is an additional measure to ensure high-quality adhesion of materials.

Technology of insulating walls from the inside with warm plaster

Warm plaster is applied to walls manually and by machine. In the first case, a spatula, trowel, trowel and other painting tools are used for work; in the second, a special mixing pump and a mortar gun are used.

Manual method of plastering walls

It is easy to check the required consistency of the mixture. To do this, you need to scoop up a little solution with a trowel and tilt the tool strongly. If the plaster does not fall off its surface, it means that it has acquired plasticity and is ready for use. Its consumption with a layer of 25 mm will be 10-14 kg/m2 of dry mixture, with a thickness of 50 mm - 18-25 kg/m2, respectively.

The insulating mixture should be applied to the walls by hand in layers, the thickness of each layer should not exceed 20 mm to prevent the solution from sliding off the surface under the influence of its own weight.

Each subsequent layer of plaster should be applied no earlier than 4 hours after laying the previous one. The drying time of the coating may increase at high humidity and low air temperatures, for example, in autumn.

The working mixture must be applied to the primed wall surface from bottom to top, using a wide spatula, beacon profiles and a rule. The process of applying warm plaster without beacons and the quality of the resulting coating must be controlled using a 2 m long lath, a plumb line and a hydraulic level. The even plane of the plaster coating can be checked by applying a two-meter strip to it with its edge; as a rule, there should be no gaps between the tool and the wall. Small deviations of the finished coating from the horizontal or vertical are allowed, no more than 3 mm per 1 linear meter.

Removal of lighthouse profiles from the coating should be done 4-6 hours after completion of the main work. The vacated cavities must be sealed with a plaster mixture and leveled using a trowel.

It is recommended to check and accept the work for peeling, curvature and cracking of the coating no earlier than 3-4 weeks after the completion of plastering of the walls.

Mechanized method of plastering walls

After preparing and turning on the pump, the mortar gun must be held at a distance of 30 cm and perpendicular to it when distributing the mixture over the surface of the wall. The thickness of the plaster layer during application can be easily adjusted by the speed of movement of the mortar gun. The smaller it is, the more powerful the layer and vice versa.

Surface treatment must be done with top corner downwards and then from left to right, while forming grips 0.7 m wide. The reciprocating movement of the gun should be such that the center of the spray of the mixture is located on the lower edge of the already applied plaster. Previous and subsequent grips should be overlapped on the left side by 10 cm.

As in the previous case, the plastered surface must be leveled using the rule, and after the mixture has dried, remove the beacon profiles and fill the empty channels with the solution.

After finishing spraying the plaster, the supply of the solution should be stopped by closing the air valve on the gun. The pump, hoses, gun and tools should be washed immediately with water.

Important! Plaster mixture should not remain in a static state for more than 15 minutes while in the pump or hose.

Finishing layer device

The finishing coat should be applied to obtain a uniform and presentable wall surface. Its thickness usually does not exceed 5 mm. After applying the final coating, it should be grouted using a trowel 300 mm long, made of metal or plastic.

How to insulate walls with warm plaster - watch the video: