Fireplaces made of bricks. Do-it-yourself fireplace - a detailed description of how to build modern and traditional fireplaces quickly and easily (105 photos)

The classic wood-burning fireplace gives the home a unique cosiness and charm, but many consider it too expensive pleasure, believing that laying out a brick fireplace with your own hands is a job for professionals.

In fact, this task is not so difficult, just find a suitable drawing or ordering scheme, stock up on material, and a real fireplace with firewood crackling in it will appear in your house.

Any construction works start with a project, and before you start building a fireplace, you need to decide on the size and shape of your hearth, because not only its appearance, but also your safety depends on them.

What size fireplace is considered ideal? There is no single answer to this question, you will have to focus on the size of the room, classic proportions and standard size bricks.

Determine the dimensions of the firebox. To do this, we measure the area of \u200b\u200bthe room and divide it by 100. For example, for a living room with an area of 30 square meters a combustion chamber area of 0.3 meters is sufficient.
Finding the depth of the furnace. In relation to its width, the depth should be 1.5-2.5 times less. So, for a selected area of \u200b\u200bthe furnace of 0.3 meters with a ratio of depth to width of 1: 2, the depth will be 37.5 cm - one and a half bricks, and the width of 75 cm - three bricks.
Find the height of the furnace. It should be 1.5 times greater than the width: for a firebox three bricks wide, we take a height of just over a meter, which corresponds to 14-15 rows of masonry.
We determine another important parameter - the area of \u200b\u200bthe smoke hole. It should be related to the firebox area as 1:10 or 1:15. The chimney itself can be slightly wider, while the height of the straight section should not be less than 3 meters and more than 5 meters, otherwise it will be difficult to achieve stable draft.

The easiest way is to use ready-made drawings of brick fireplaces - in this case, you do not have to draw the layout yourself and you will be able to avoid unpleasant surprises during kindling. From the proposed options, you have to choose the fireplace that is most suitable in size and shape, after that you can purchase material and get to work.

Ready-made ordering schemes

A brick corner fireplace is usually installed in a small living room or bedroom, because it saves space while effectively heating it. The masonry scheme of such a fireplace is shown in the figure. The dimensions of the fireplace are 1x1 meter. The outer walls are made of ceramic red bricks (200 pieces), the firebox is made of refractory bricks (100 pieces). In addition, you will need clay and sand, cement, concrete for the foundation.
A step-by-step diagram of ordering a brick fireplace - photo
The most simple circuit a brick fireplace for beginner stove-makers is a real salvation, because to install this hearth you will need quite a bit of material, while it is able to heat enough big room- up to 35 square meters. The overall dimensions of such a fireplace are 65x115 cm, the number ceramic brick- about 250 pieces, fireclay bricks will need about 100 pieces. Also prepare two bags of oven clay, three or four bags of dry sand, some cement. You will also need a pipe damper and a steel corner for the roof of the firebox. The ordering of a brick fireplace "for beginners" is shown in the figure.
For a large living room classical style a solid English fireplace is needed. To lay down such a hearth, you need experience with brickwork and strict adherence to the scheme.

Necessary materials:

red ceramic brick - 300 pieces;
fireclay brick- 130 pieces;
kiln or refractory clay masonry mixture- a couple of bags;
quarry sand - 4 bags;
cement - 1 bag;
metal corner and steel strip - 3 pieces of 1 meter;
oven door for cleaning the chimney;
oven damper.

Brick fireplace scheme English style and its dimensions are shown in the figure.

Scheme of an English brick fireplace with a direct chimney - photo

General techniques for laying fireplaces are very similar, so the article discusses the most difficult option- an English brick fireplace with an oblique hood. You can learn how to fold from bricks from, and masonry simple fireplace for beginners should not cause difficulties if you carefully study our recommendations.

Fireplace foundation requirements

The stability of the fireplace depends not only on the masonry, but also on the reliability of its foundation. The foundation for the fireplace must be poured separately from the foundation of the building, otherwise seasonal ground shifts may damage the hearth and chimney. If the fireplace is installed at bearing wall, between strip foundation at home and the base of the fireplace they make a compensation cushion of sand - they fill it up between the foundations and spill it with water.

The height of the base under the fireplace should be such that the first row of masonry is at the level of the finished floor. The foundation pit may be shallow, while on heaving soils be sure to perform a sand and gravel cushion with a thickness of at least 0.5 meters. A layer of sand and gravel compensates for ground shifts and prevents the capillary rise of water from it, which ensures waterproofing of the foundation itself and the walls of the fireplace.

The foundation is poured from M150-M300 concrete with mandatory reinforcement. The formwork is made of boards or plywood, fastening the shields with self-tapping screws. The size of the foundation to be poured must exceed the dimensions of the fireplace on each side by 10 cm. Drawings of brick fireplaces, as a rule, contain the required dimensions, and you can safely use them when pouring the foundation.

After pouring the foundation, it is necessary to withstand the concrete until it reaches its critical strength for about 5-7 days, after which you can start marking and laying the fireplace, having previously laid a double layer of additional waterproofing - roofing material.

Fireplace masonry + instruction and video

The laying of an English-style fireplace with a direct chimney is carried out strictly according to the scheme. Before laying, the wall behind the fireplace is thermally insulated sheet metal or thick foil, and wooden structures additionally treated with a flame retardant solution for internal works. You should also take care of the fireproof flooring in front of the fireplace, where sparks and embers can get in.

Masonry brick fireplace - photo

Before laying, bricks are sorted, laying aside those that have cracks and chips. They can be used for laying the foundation. Before each stage, it is convenient to lay out the bricks dry, cut them, and grind them.

Before laying, red ceramic bricks are briefly soaked in water, while refractory bricks cannot be wetted, they are erased from its surface. damp cloth dust and pollution. This measure contributes to a more uniform drying of the masonry mortar. The ordering of a brick fireplace with explanations is shown in the figures.

The base of the fireplace (rows 1 and 2) is made of solid red brick. Its area is 1140 by 1270 mm, two rows of masonry with dressing. Before laying, it is necessary to check the level of the foundation, if necessary, small irregularities can be leveled by increasing the thickness of the seam. The laying of the base is carried out on a cement-sand mortar, the ratio of cement and sand is 1:2 - 1:3. Rows 3 and 4 are laid out similarly according to the scheme, while the bottom of the furnace in row 4 is made of refractory bricks on a fire-resistant mortar. The ratio of clay and sand should be such that the solution does not stick too much to the trowel or spatula, but also does not slip off it.
The next step in laying the fireplace is the execution of the walls of the firebox. They are laid in accordance with the order, and the inner walls are laid out of refractory bricks on a clay mortar, the outer walls are made of ceramic bricks, on a cement-sand mortar or on a mixture of clay and sand with the addition of 10-20% cement. The bricks that form the rear corners of the firebox are cut diagonally with a grinder. This shape of the firebox contributes to better heat transfer.
Ordinal masonry fireplace - the first 4 rows
Finish laying the firebox. In the twelfth row, to frame the masonry, a corner and a steel strip are installed according to the scheme and order. The back of the twelfth row is made of bonded masonry of brick, cut at an angle so that a vault is formed.
Ordinal laying of a fireplace - 5, 6, 7, 8 row
Rows 13 to 16 form the roof of the fireplace and a gas tooth - a protrusion in its upper front part that prevents back draft and smoke from entering the room. The fifteenth row forms a narrowing of the chimney, due to which it creates high blood pressure smoke and increased traction. Further, the chimney expands, and in the 16th row a cleaning door is built into it, through which accumulated soot is removed. inner surface the chimney is still made of fireclay bricks, the outer one is made of red ceramic.
Ordinal laying of a fireplace 13-16 row - photo
The next stage is the laying of a gradually narrowing chimney and chimney. It is carried out according to the scheme, while carefully overwriting the seams with inside hand and immediately wipe them with a damp cloth to remove any remaining solution. Any roughness on the walls of the chimney will later lead to the accumulation of soot in this place.
The last stage is laying the chimney of the fireplace. The lumen of the pipe is narrowed to one brick and blocked in the 25th row with a damper.
make a brick pipe required height. The fireplace is dried for 2-5 days at room temperature, after which they begin to slowly heat, achieving uniform heating and sintering of the clay solution on which the firebox is laid. This will avoid its crumbling and extend the life of the hearth. After laying and heating, you can proceed to.

Video - do-it-yourself brick fireplace

A fireplace is one of the oldest heating units that has not lost its popularity to this day. The constant development of the market has led to the emergence of more modern decorative models. They not only decorate the room, but also are able to warm it. Fireplaces can work on various types fuels: from classic firewood to natural gas.

Photos with examples of brick fireplaces in the interior (click to enlarge)

However, lovers of the classics prefer versions built from ancient times natural stone and brick. For an inexperienced person who first encounters such construction process Like masonry, the job can seem quite daunting. However, anyone can build a brick fireplace with their own hands, with patience and finding enough time.

Starting preparation for labor-intensive work, many pay more attention appearance construction, not paying due attention to one of the most important elements - the firebox. For many, it appears as a metal box or brick niche, intended only for laying firewood. But apparent simplicity can only mislead.

Fireplace device

Structurally, the firebox consists of the following elements:

Base
Walls
smoke box
Grate
Door
Gate valve
Ash pan

Base

The base of the firebox is usually made of stone or brick, but for metal models it is usually cast iron. Unlike steel, these materials do not deform under the influence of gravity and high temperature.

The walls can be made of steel, cast iron, fireclay bricks or absent altogether (for example, in open models). Each of the materials has its own pros and cons, a decision must be made based on preferences or after the advice of a specialist.

In a brick firebox, the back wall must be tilted, the side walls must be expanded. Sometimes they give a more complex rounded shape to surfaces in order to increase heat transfer.

We have already described many aspects of masonry in an article about how to go and find out more

smoke box

Designed to remove carbon monoxide and fumes outside. It can be a separate element or be a direct part of the firebox. The material is similar to hers. In this case, the vault must be located above the furnace window.

Grate

Through it, the hall enters the ash pan, oxygen for combustion is supplied to coal or firewood. In gas or oil fired fireplaces, a grate separates the firebox and burner. It is made of refractory ceramic or cast iron and must withstand temperatures up to 1000 degrees.

The door can be one of two types: open or closed. The greatest preference is given to glass models that allow you to visually observe the combustion process.

Gate valve

The damper closes the chimney. By reducing the draft, the firewood slowly smolders inside the firebox, continuing to release heat.

The ash pan is designed to collect combustion products and in traditional models it acts as a blower. Sometimes it is done in the form drawer, which is freely taken out and shaken off. The hole for the blower must be equipped with a damper for draft control.

Calculation of the dimensions of the fireplace and the necessary materials

When building a brick fireplace with your own hands, you need to correctly calculate all its parameters so that it performs not only a decorative, but also a practical function, heating the room. First of all, determine the dimensions of the furnace hole or portal:

The ratio of its area should be approximately 1:50 to a similar characteristic of the room. If the room is 20 square meters, then the firebox is 0.4 square meters
The height and width should be in a ratio of 2:3. By compiling a simple equation, you can get the following aspect ratio - 51x77 cm
Not less than important indicator- the depth of the portal, on which the thrust will depend. It should be 70% of the height, in this case 34 cm. An increase will lead to an unreasonable loss of heat, a decrease will lead to the appearance of smoke inside the room
The chimney area is made 10-15 times smaller than the similar characteristic of the portal
In front of the furnace hole, it is necessary to place a podium 45-50 cm wide
Podiums from the sides of the portal - up to 30 cm
The transfer sheet extends beyond the furnace platform at a distance of up to 30 cm

If speak about required quantity bricks and various Supplies that will be required for work - it is not possible to name certain numbers. In each specific case, the values obtained will be different and directly depend on the size of the fireplace being built.

Everyone can make approximate calculations by choosing the most suitable option orders.

Other order options

Step by step video laying guide:

ordering corner fireplace with a semicircular arch:

Ordering the fireplace with an arch in the form of a rectangle:

Fireplaces with a podium:

Some Tips

When choosing the location of the fireplace in any particular room, you need to take into account the presence and path of drafts. Optimal solution- position the structure away from window openings and doors, also from the places where air flows intersect between them.

Refractory mortar is used for laying fireclay bricks, ceramic bricks are placed on a conventional sand-clay mixture. It is prepared according to the instructions on the package. Preparation of the solution is a long process. It is necessary to use clean and well-softened clay, soaked in water for up to 2-3 days.

If the adhesive solution is not prepared correctly, soon under the influence of high temperatures brickwork will begin to collapse, crack. Required exterior finish surfaces or not - everyone decides for himself. Many prefer to leave everything as it is, carefully processing the seams.

Video instruction

Summing up

If you approach work with all responsibility and thoroughly prepare, everyone can lay out a brick fireplace with their own hands. But even small mistakes can negatively affect the final result. As a result, you can get a short-lived design that does not live up to expectations.

If you doubt your abilities, you need to contact a specialist. Having visually assessed the situation, he will help with the most difficult stages and give some valuable tips.

A high-quality fireplace simultaneously performs the functions of a heating unit and an element of decor. It is used as an addition to the main heating system of housing. large sizes and special forms allow you to make an expressive accent out of it in the interior, emphasizing the features certain style. Self-construction will allow you to take into account the smallest individual needs. This article talks about how to make a fireplace with your own hands: step-by-step instruction, photo and professional advice help eliminate errors.

A beautiful and efficient fireplace in a private house with your own hands can be made with unique characteristics

Do-it-yourself fireplace: step-by-step instructions, photos of preparatory operations

To make things easier, get finished goods from metal. But it must be understood that such structures are subjected to heavy loads during operation. When the temperature changes over a wide range, thermal deformations occur. They are able to break quality welded joints, provoke the formation of other defects. A standard product will have to be selected in size and appearance for a particular room. But even with unlimited funding, it will be difficult to get the perfect result.

The use of bricks will help to successfully implement the project. Do it yourself working operations will provide precise control at all stages, which will allow you to get excellent quality. It is only necessary to carefully study and apply the following instructions in practice.

Choice of building materials

Surfaces in contact with fire must be resistant to open flame. They are created using fireclay bricks. The production of such products is complex technological process processing of raw materials. Also used are bricks made of refractory fired clay with the addition of quartz.

Note! You should be aware that quartz brick is not resistant to chemical compounds based on lime, alkaline components, iron oxides. It is used only for the formation of the firebox.

The main part of the structure is created using solid red clay bricks. Its strength should be high, so it is recommended to purchase the M200 brand, or a higher category. It is desirable to choose such material from the same commercial batch in order to ensure the unity of technical and aesthetic characteristics. hollow bricks used for cladding. It can be made from upper part pipes.

For a binder solution, the usual cement-sand mixture won't fit. It will not withstand high temperatures. The basis will be clay of medium fat content. You can purchase ready-made raw materials, with official accompanying documentation confirming the required parameters. When in doubt, use the following methods to check carefully.

Make a ball (5-8 mm) from a mixture of clay and sand. Place it on a flat surface and slowly squeeze the plank from above. Watch for cracks:

½ diameter - the solution is too greasy;
rapid formation of defects - lean mixture;
1/3 of the diameter is the norm.

The next method is more difficult, but it will help you get a more accurate result. Balls are made from clay and sand. Half of them are flattened to ½ of the original diameter. These blanks are laid out on a dry surface in a room with a normal temperature (from +18°C to +25°C), without drafts. After 7-11 days, a check is performed. Flat cakes without cracks will be suitable. The balls must not break after free fall on a hard floor from a height of 1 m.

Helpful information! To carry out these experiments, a mixture of clay and water is created. Also prepare compositions of clay (1 part) with sand (0.1; 0.25; 0.75 and 1 part). As a result, the best option will be determined empirically.

During the laying process, the condition of the solution is quickly checked. It should not break when the mixture is shifted by the trowel to the side. If such defects occur, water is added. The appearance of slush after this manipulation indicates an excessively liquid consistency.

Get a quality river sand. It can be further sifted to remove contaminants and foreign matter. Clay diluted with water is pressed through a strong sieve to eliminate hard lumps. For masonry 50 pcs. bricks (flat) with seams from 4 to 6 mm will need a bucket of mortar. If mixing with a shovel is difficult, use the "foot" method.

What you need for finishing

The simplest option is to create an outer frame from standard metal parts and then plasterboard. On the created flat surface, you can further use paint, plaster, and other materials. In any case, all components are selected taking into account the proximity of the heat source.

Directly on the brick using heat-resistant adhesive solutions fix:

porcelain stoneware;
standard ceramic tiles;
mosaic;
natural stone slabs.

Tiles are well suited for such projects. On the reverse side of such products, notches ("rumps") are created in a factory way. They install special fasteners during installation. Finished construction is extremely resistant to temperature extremes.

Project documentation

Even experienced craftsmen create preliminary schemes for future masonry, taking into account the characteristics of a particular room, individual requirements of the customer. Typical plans ("orders") can be easily found on the Internet using the appropriate request. Corrections to professional designs should be made carefully. If in doubt, it is recommended to contact the relevant specialists.

This scheme of a brick fireplace with an open firebox should be studied in more detail. There is a metal embedded element that supports brickwork. Different coefficients of thermal expansion of materials should be taken into account. Such solutions are best avoided. Even fireclay bricks must be separated from the main part of the fireplace with a gap of 2-3 mm. It will help maintain the integrity of the structure for a long service life.

Note! Chimney documentation is added to the set of drawings. Consideration should be given to passing pipes through interfloor ceilings, roofing, creating layers of insulation, waterproofing. The issues identified here are not included in the materials of this article. They must be studied separately.

How to make a fireplace with your own hands: step by step instructions

To perform the work, the following algorithm is used:

If there is no reliable basis for reinforced concrete slab you need a solid foundation. They dig a hole up to 70-80 cm deep. Its width should be 15-20 centimeters larger than the fireplace outline in all directions.
Make the height of the formwork walls 50-70 mm below the level of the top layer floor covering. It is filled with a solution of sand and cement (proportion 3 to 1, respectively). The foundation covered with polymer foam will dry in 10-12 days.
It is covered with a double layer of roofing material. Next, laying begins. In the first layer, the bricks are installed vertically. The following parts are created in accordance with the chosen "order".

How to make a fireplace decoration with your own hands: photos of different designs

The following information is useful for laying a fireplace with do-it-yourself tiles; step-by-step instructions for other technologies are not difficult to find. According to the scheme, installation operations are performed:

A metal rod is inserted into the holes on the back wall of the tile.
A steel wire is screwed to this element so that the free ends protrude outward.
They are inserted into masonry mortar when the brick layers are mounted.

The following are examples different options finishes. Each of them is performed using the appropriate technology.

Related article:

In a separate publication, we will talk about modern functional fireplaces and their right choice and accommodation. Read on!

It is not too difficult to create a fireplace with your own hands: step-by-step instructions, photos and video materials will help you complete necessary actions Right. Special attention should be given to the preparatory phase. Careful study of the project will eliminate errors. It will help save time, financial and labor resources.

Do-it-yourself fireplace laying (video)

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A real fireplace equipped in the house is a whole architectural composition. Indeed, in order to ensure its functioning, it is necessary to comply with certain construction technologies, and if this fireplace provides an opportunity to cook food, then its size increases dramatically. But such a device is not suitable for every home. You need to choose a model not only for its technical specifications, but also in terms of occupied dimensions. In small living rooms or in country houses, the installation of the described fireplace is not possible.

But there is a way out of this situation. Thanks to the developed models of compact devices, each owner can acquire a source of living hearth in any room. In terms of its functions, a mini fireplace is not inferior to a real one, but its size puts it in a favorable light among home owners who cannot boast of spacious rooms.

Brick building in the country

Some Distinguishing Features

By design, a small fireplace has a number of differences that are not limited to size.

Its scheme is simplified as much as possible, and if certain technologies are used in real fireplaces to increase heat transfer, remove smoke, strengthen and adjust draft, then here you can literally describe the device with a couple of phrases: an ash pan, a firebox, a chimney.
Despite the fact that small dimensions imply low productivity, such a fireplace still copes with the task of local heating of the room, but most importantly, it gives everyone the opportunity to arrange a small cozy corner for themselves.

When talking about miniature fireplaces, one cannot fail to mention ready-made options, which can be used not only in private homes, but also where the construction of a brick fireplace would be prohibited. It's about about steel free-standing structures. They can get off on the outside in different styles, imitating the brickwork of a classic fireplace.

Gas version of the finished device

Gas, as an inexpensive type of fuel, has sufficient heat of combustion, so such models can be used for heating.
are standalone devices, which can be built into a wall, furniture or a finished portal. They do not need a chimney, so in terms of space savings, these options have become unbeatable.
A real flame, enclosed in small dimensions, is realized in a biofireplace. In the furnace of such an apparatus, fuel is burned, which practically does not leave harmful substances. Such a fireplace also does not require a chimney and serves as a portable option.

Determine the size and location

To build a small fireplace with your own hands, you need to carefully consider its size and fix it all on a piece of paper. The resulting project will allow you to correctly calculate the required amount of material and avoid mistakes during masonry.

It should be noted that there are standard blanks that fit various areas premises. These blanks were created by professional craftsmen and tested in action. Therefore, we will mention the optimal characteristics for medium area rooms in 15-20 m 2.

Oddly enough, but all calculations begin with the size of the firebox. It is they who determine the further dimensions of our fireplace. Before making a project, you should calculate the volume of the room by multiplying it linear dimensions. For the parameters we set, the area of the firebox is calculated as 1/50 of the area of \u200b\u200bthe room. The dimensions of the back wall of the fireplace will be approximately 30x40 cm. So, taking into account all the details, the total height of the fireplace before the formation of the chimney will be 60 cm.

Corner option will save room space

The question of choosing the dimensions of the furnace is two-sided.

A large chamber will allow you to give more heat, but leads to an increase in all dimensions of the fireplace.
If you make the firebox smaller than in the calculations, then it will not be able to heat the room of the declared area.

The place for installation is selected based on the purpose of the device. You can look at the fire flame long time, but save yourself from the constant presence in the fireplace area. This can lead to headaches and high fatigue. In addition, restrictions exclude children's rooms. It is best to install a fireplace in the living room. When country house there is not much choice, so you should be guided by the possibility of installing a chimney.

Construction

It is much easier to build a small fireplace with your own hands than a full-fledged, massive one. Thanks to the simplified design, it will not be difficult to figure it out, and if you still make a mistake, you can always dismantle the element and reassemble it. In this regard, novice craftsmen are provided with everything necessary to build a structure.

Start building a fireplace

To make a mini fireplace, you will have to create its drawing. This drawing shows all dimensions, design features, mutual arrangement of convection channels, grate, door. Such detail is needed in order to competently draw up a scheme of orderly construction, where everything is indicated to the smallest detail.

Each row describes how many bricks will be needed and how they should be laid. Although the size of the fireplace is small, following the technology guarantees its correct and safe operation.

Even for a mini fireplace, it is necessary to construct a foundation. Only the depth of the pit can be only 40 cm. Sand and gravel are poured into the bottom of the pit. The foundation is poured to the very level of the field. If it has to be lifted, then the shape of the fill is given with the help of formwork. The area of the foundation should be slightly larger than the area of \u200b\u200bthe base of the fireplace.

In a modern home open fire can only be found on the stove under the pan or in the bowels of heating boilers. However, many people want to see a living open flame in their house, so people quite often think about how to make a fireplace with their own hands.

A little about fireplace designs

The design of a real fireplace is small, so unlike a stove, it emits less heat. Accordingly, its role in the house is more decor-aesthetic than practical. However, even decorative fireplace able to fill the room with warmth. This site also has many instructions.

Modern fireplace installations are produced with a firebox closed type, so there is convection air heating.

How does an open fireplace work?

Fireplace open installation consists of a set of parts:

firebox (furnace) - here the process of fuel combustion takes place;
portal - the decor serves as a frame for the firebox;
hearth - the lower part of the firebox;
grate - supports fuel and contributes to the supply of air masses from below;
ash pan - ash is collected here;
pre-furnace platform - for sparks and decoration;
mirrors - the rear part of the fireplace that reflects heat;
smoke cornice - does not allow air flows to mix and smoke to penetrate into the rooms;
smoke collector (hailo) - combustion products are collected here;
smoke mouth, chimney;
damper - closes the chimney from the penetration of cold air currents from the street.

Calculation of the size of the fireplace structure

In the development of a future fireplace, not only the imagination of the owners should participate, but also strict engineering calculations.

The main quantities that should be derived by engineering calculations are: the size of the fireplace structure; height value; section of the chimney.

To properly lay out a fireplace with your own hands from brick, consider the following:

The area of the firebox has a ratio to the area of \u200b\u200bthe room in which the fireplace is located, in a ratio of 1 to 50.
Having learned the area of \u200b\u200bthe portal, you should set the height and width. Correctly, if they are related in the form of a proportion of 2:3.
Next, the depth of the firebox is set, which is two thirds of the portal height.
The podium lying in front of the fireplace should protrude 50 cm for fire safety purposes.
The back wall in the firebox is made at an inclination of 20 - 22 degrees from the vertical.
The side walls are inclined by 45 - 60 degrees to reflect heat flows.
The height of the chimney is made half a meter above the roof ridge.
The length of the chimney pipe is 5 meters or more.

For self erection fireplace installation is better to use a ready-made calculated project.

Where to equip a fireplace installation

The fireplace can be built into the wall partition of the house. Usually such construction is planned at the stage of construction work.

Another option is an attached structure, which will already require its own area. The corner type of fireplaces is convenient for erection in square-shaped rooms.

materials

The main material in the construction of a fireplace structure is brick. It uses a special furnace material, represented by two types:

Red brick stove elements - can withstand temperatures of a thousand degrees. The marking of such material is not chosen less than M200, while the dimensions from the standard cannot differ by more than 2 mm. Hitting it with a hammer will make a ringing sound.

Full-bodied fireclay brick elements - used for laying out in places in contact with open fire - fireboxes. The dimensions of such a brick may be different.

When examining brick elements, it should be borne in mind that on their surface planes and at the places of splits, the color should be uniform, without veins.

For the construction of a fireplace, the amount of material purchased must exceed the calculated amount by 10%.

Mortars for laying brick elements for a fireplace are made by mixing clay and sand. To get the right solution, you will have to sweat a lot, so it’s better to buy a ready-made composition in the store, which you just need to prepare in accordance with the instructions.

Foundation arrangement

Since the weight of the finished fireplace is measured in tons, a separate foundation is needed for its construction. For its equipment, a section is selected that will be 20 cm wider than the structure itself.

The flooring of the house must be dismantled and a pit dug with a depth of half a meter, the bottom should be thoroughly cleaned.

A layer of coarse sand fraction 10 cm thick is poured to the bottom, spilled and rammed. Gravel is poured from above. Then the formwork is installed so that the dimensions of the foundation are 5 cm larger than the fireplace ones.

The first layer of cement, sand and gravel is poured. Placed on top reinforcing cage. The second layer of concrete is poured.

After 28 days of concrete maturation, a row of brick elements can be laid out. It is covered with a layer of waterproofing, and another brick layer is placed on top.

Fireplace erection

Detailed instructions on how to make a fireplace, which has the form of an ordering scheme, must be available. Rows are marked on it and the places where each brick is located are controlled.

According to the same scheme, brick elements are cut with a grinder or using a special stone-cutting machine. Then each element is brought to the required dimensions using a grinding wheel.

The seams between the elements and rows are made strictly the same in 5 mm. To do this, it is convenient to use wood slats with which rows are laid. Laying out each row, be sure to follow the horizontal and vertical.

Every brick element before laying, they are lowered into water until all air bubbles come out of it.

The layout begins with the extreme bricks. After vertical and horizontal alignment, lay out the internal elements.

Excess solution is immediately removed with a trowel and wiped with a washcloth.

The fireplace installation should be put into operation gradually, after complete drying for two weeks.

From the photo of the fireplace, it already breathes with special warmth and comfort, and from the look and operation of a real real installation, everyone will receive unforgettable sensations and emotions.