Fan pipe with water seal. Is a fan riser necessary in a private house? Fan pipe: what is it?

An important component of the sewerage system in country house- fan pipe. Essentially this is an exhaust ventilation tube, built into the sewer riser and discharged through the roof, thereby connecting the riser with the atmosphere (outside air). The vent pipe has several functions. Firstly, it prevents vacuum gas formations in the riser after passing through it Wastewater. Vacuum is the reason why water leaves sinks or toilets with a characteristic squelching sound.

Why do you need a vent pipe?

The use of a vent pipe avoids this problem.

Secondly, such a pipe removes unpleasant odors from sewage discharged into the atmosphere from the riser, preventing indoor air pollution. It must be said that, as a rule, a water seal is provided in the wastewater receiver from a plumbing fixture (more rarely, a dry seal).

This is a curved pipe filled with water: when draining occurs, some of the water remains in the lower bend of the pipe, blocking the access of air from the sewer to the room. In other words, the water seal serves as a barrier to unpleasant odors. However, if the plumbing fixture is not used for a long time, the water from the seal gradually evaporates, and then odors can easily penetrate into the room.

But when the sewerage system is equipped with a drain pipe, this will not happen even if the water seals are dry. In addition, water seals can break at moments of maximum water removal. The fan pipe prevents such breakdowns.

What is a fan pipe and what is it made of?

Fan pipes are elements of the sewerage system, and therefore, like other sewer pipes and fittings (tees, corner bends, etc.), they are most often made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC).

However, multilayer polypropylene (PP) pipes are available on the market, which provide more high level soundproofing. The propagation of airborne noise by them is reduced due to the use of material with noise-absorbing additives for their manufacture, increasing the mass of the pipe walls, as well as optimizing the design of corner bends.

Diameter and dimensions of drain pipes for a private home

As a rule, fan pipes have a diameter of 100 mm, which is determined by the diameter of the sewer pipes supplied to toilets and bidets - 100 mm (which, in turn, is dictated by the hundred-millimeter diameter of the sockets of these plumbing fixtures).

However, in some cases, fan pipes with a diameter of 50 mm are sufficient. Their number and diameter are determined on the basis of engineering calculations, taking into account, first of all, the number of devices connected to the sewer riser.

Most often, one drain pipe is capable of serving two or three bathrooms (with a washbasin, shower and toilet) connected to one riser.

In this case, the maximum load on it will be at the moment when several toilets are flushed simultaneously. In the cottages large area(usually over 400 m2) bathrooms are often located at different ends of the building.

Then several sewer risers are provided, supplementing each with a drain pipe (moreover, do not forget that all pipes are discharged through the roof).

Installation of a drain pipe

Fan pipes are installed during the installation of the sewerage system. The pipeline can consist of both vertical and horizontal sections. Moreover, it is advisable to make turns at an angle of 45″. The pipes are connected into a socket mechanically.

Each docking point is equipped with rubber compressor, ensuring the tightness of the riser. The pipes are secured to the walls with clamps with vibration-isolating gaskets; their standard spacing is 70 cm.

In the case of stone houses, the pipes are routed through reinforced concrete floors using sleeves (cases) made of hard non-flammable material(usually from segments steel pipes). As a rule, sleeves are laid when constructing floors.

The sleeve protects the pipe from damage due to settlement of the building or thermal deformation of the pipe itself.

And therefore, the inner diameter of the sleeve must be greater than the outer diameter of the pipe (for example, a 100-millimeter pipe has a socket diameter of 110 mm, which means the diameter of the sleeve for it should be 120 mm).

The gap between the sleeve and the pipe is usually sealed with a soft, waterproof material that allows some movement of the pipe along the longitudinal axis. For example, oiled or bitumen-impregnated rope, silicone sealant, polyurethane foam etc.

The pipe exit through the roof is carried out in different ways. This can be done using a specialized roofing passage element (universal or designed for a specific roofing material).

Often a chimney is provided, inside which there are a vent pipe and exhaust pipes from the bathrooms or kitchen.

It is unacceptable to combine a fan pipe and a pipe in one channel supply ventilation. In addition, the drain pipe must be located at least 50 cm from dormer window so that unpleasant odors do not enter the living space when the window is open for ventilation.

When it is not possible to install a vent pipe, it can be replaced with a special ventilation (air) valve (usually 15-20 cm high) mounted in the upper part sewer riser.

Installation of a drain pipe in a private house - photo

Installation of a drain pipe:
1. Fan pipe. 2. Sewer pipes. 3. Septic tank

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Waste systems consist of different types pipelines. One of the main ones is the drainage pipe for sewerage in a private house.

Application

A sewer pipe is a pipeline branch that combines the main riser with an atmospheric pipe or a separate outlet for ventilation of the toilet. This sewer branch is used to protect the home from the penetration of unpleasant sewer odors, as well as to provide sound insulation.

There are metal ones (cast iron is used in apartments, and copper in residential buildings) and plastic (PVC) fan pipes, but plastic is more often used, because its output is more durable and easier to install. Cast iron communications have GOST 6942-98, and plastic communications have GOST 22689.2-89.

The fan pipe can be of any shape and length. She is not prerequisite for arranging a sewer system in a private house with two floors (and one bathroom), but for a small building it will be necessary.

Depending on the type of installation, there are the following types of fan pipes:

1. Straight;
2. Angular;
3. Vertical.

Direct ones are mounted perpendicular to the toilet; they are used in multi-storey buildings and apartments. Corner ones are used for non-standard bathroom layouts, as well as for branching sewer pipes. Vertical are used in two-story houses with several bathrooms. They help eliminate the effect of rarefaction - the disappearance of water from sinks and toilets, which causes wastewater to begin to accumulate.

The purpose of the drain pipe is to constantly control the amount of water in the siphons. If liquid disappears from these parts of the sewer drains, the building will fill bad smell, and the pipes will become clogged. The main sewer pipe will stop working.

When to install a drain pipe:

A toilet drain pipe is not only an additional drainage protection, but also effective sound insulation in a multi-storey and private house. It must be used if the drain blocks the sewer section.

Installation

Before installing the fan pipe, it is necessary to calculate its dimensions. For installation corrugated pipe and waste water, an outlet with a diameter of 110 mm is used. This indicator depends on the diameter of the drain pipe. Most often, the outlet from the toilet is made with a cross-section of 75 mm, but with strong water pressure it can close, which will create some inconvenience. Therefore, for additional protection, a fan pipe is used larger diameter.

Another serious point of installation is that the drain pipe outlet must be located in a place where sewer odors will be ventilated fresh air. It is advisable to place it in an open space or directly combine it with ventilation ducts.

Video: preparation and installation of cottage sewer pipes

Basic rules for installing a flexible ventilation pipe:

1. The section of the fan connection is always larger than the size of the main pipe, otherwise the connection will not be airtight and may break under high pressure of wastewater;
2. The reinforced sewer pipe should be discharged under a cold, unheated room, and begin in a warm one, this will help organize proper ventilation. At the same time, according to SNiP, attics (because the fan must go down) and street premises are not suitable for installation, since it is necessary to ensure excellent thermal insulation of the pipe;
3. Most often, one such ventilation system is installed for the entire house. To ensure branching, a special cross is used. Sometimes a tee is used. In some cases, if the building layout is incorrect, it is possible to make several ventilation systems for each bathroom, but then the scheme is developed individually for each.

Once you have decided what vent ventilation and sound insulation are needed for, you need to start installing the pipe. To do this, you first need to prepare the work process. The water in the riser is turned off, and the pipe is cut at the intended location. Depending on the type of ventilation location, you can install the pipeline horizontally or vertically. Horizontal placement will allow not to disturb the beauty of the interior, but it is considered more complex design than vertical.

Afterwards, the communication with the socket is inserted into the prepared main pipeline to a certain depth. Some craftsmen use a detachable fan pipe for ease of installation. Sliding design It is allowed, if necessary, to clean the sewer system.

Regardless of what diameter of the outer or inner vent pipe was chosen, a vacuum check valve must be installed in it.

What it is? The vacuum valve or gasket is used for the following purposes:

1. Protection of sewage from rodents and other animals;
2. To prevent waste water from returning. Quite often there are cases when a return line was not installed in the sewer riser at all, then in the event of an accident, feces can go back into the home;
3. If a mixing problem occurs, the valve prevents artificial impurities from returning to the sewer;
4. With its help, complete sealing of drains is ensured.

Installation check valve is a simple but very important installation process sewer system. First, the water in the riser is shut off, the inside of the pipe is completely wiped and degreased with special compounds. It is very important not to lubricate it silicone sealants or adhesives - they can negatively affect the integrity of the valve.

Afterwards, a special insert is inserted into the pipe, which will subsequently serve as the basis for the fan. Then, a vacuum valve is installed. It needs to be snapped into the pipe, but make sure that the petals of the device are open and bent towards the base.

If the knee size is within 110 mm, then you must also use a special adapter. This is a box with additional outlets that will help make a tighter connection between the valve and the main line. Another option for installing the valve is directly into the pipe, then the connection is a cut pipe into which the valve is inserted along with the fan.

You can buy communications at any plumbing store; white fan pipe 75 from brands such as Mcalpine, Jimten, Plastimex, Sanmix, Viega is very popular (the price depends on the size, reinforcement and other characteristics).

Replacement

If the ventilation pipeline was not originally planned for the housing, then it’s okay, it can be completed at any time. But what if it is necessary to replace the drain pipe in the apartment, because it turns out that the connection will be made into the main line?

To begin with, the total size of the pipeline with offset is calculated; the fan main also has its own slope. If you are replacing an old or leaky pipe, then there will be no problems with selecting the size.

Step-by-step instruction:

1. Turn off the water in the riser, check that the main line is closed;
2. Then cut the pipe into in the right area, disconnect the valve and the fan pipe;
3. Clean the connection from the inside and replace it with a new one. At the end of the work, be sure to treat the sewer with special sealants over the seam to ensure the tightness of the joint.

At the same time, a ready-made straight vent pipe up to 75 mm can be installed on a roof with a bitumen or corrugated sheet covering on the roof. This perfect solution for owners two-story house with several bathrooms. The average cost of a pipeline with a socket of 100 varies from 545 to 700 rubles.

Not everyone knows why the sewer system needs access to the roof. In fact, fan boner is important part of this system and with insufficient attention to its installation, the result can be unpleasant. The article examines in detail what a sewer riser in a private house without access to the roof or through the roof (which is done more often) is and what it is needed for. Having understood this issue, you can choose the highest quality and most reliable option for installation.

What it is

When they build a private house, it is necessary to bring various communications to it. One of them is sewerage. At first glance, you might think that it is enough to equip it with only a sewer drain. In fact, this is not enough.

In order to explain the purpose of the vent riser, you need to remember how the toilet flushes in more detail. After the sewage is drained, a certain amount of water then gets there. Some of it remains in the toilet. It is actually a water seal, the role of which, in particular, is to prevent the unpleasant odor from the drains from entering the living quarters. It is important to understand that this protective layer of water is located inside the toilet.

If several such plumbing fixtures are installed in the house, then each of them, which is not currently in use, has such a water seal.

When one of the toilets is flushed, the pressure drops for a short period of time immediately after the sewage and drained water flows out. Since all the others are connected to this pipe, their water seals are broken and an unpleasant odor penetrates into the premises.

It is important to note that this situation exists not only in relation to toilets, but to all drains that are connected to the sewer system. For example, we can talk about a water seal in a bathroom or in a sink, if they are connected in the specified way.

This situation could have been avoided if the pipe had an additional outlet through which air could freely flow into it. In this case, low pressure would not arise at the drainage point and the water seals would not be broken anywhere.

Odors from the sewer could also escape through such a pipe. A fan riser is a pipe that performs specified functions, which is connected to the sewer system of the house and discharged outside it.

How necessary is it? In fact, the system in question is actively used in apartment buildings. In the sewer system, drainage from apartments occurs in a vertical pipe.

Its lower end is connected to the drainage system, and the upper end is brought out onto the roof and actually serves as a drain riser.

Technical requirements

There is no provision for the outlet pipe regulatory requirements, defining the diameter. Typically, a pipe similar to a sewer pipe is used for this purpose in apartment buildings.

Suppose in a private house a pipe with a diameter of 5 cm is used for drainage from the sink, a hole cistern is 7 cm, the pipe from the toilet is 10 cm. In this case, a roof pipe with a diameter of 10 cm can be used for the vent riser.

Practice confirms that such a pipe is sufficient to ensure constant pressure in the drainage system and to provide ventilation in it. If we are talking about a one-story private house in which only one toilet is installed, then here you can do without installing a vent riser.

This is due to the fact that the drain in this case will not be able to create a strong enough decrease in pressure so that unpleasant consequences can be felt.

However, in some cases, roof risers are necessary:

If the house has at least two apartments with fully equipped sewerage systems, provided that they connected to a common net.

A sewer outlet to the roof for ventilation of the riser is required in a house where there is more than two floors.

If equipped horizontal sewer distribution provided you connect to it three or more number of plumbing fixtures.

It is also necessary to provide:

Although usually boners sewers have diameter 10 cm, however, sometimes there are situations when this is used pipe diameter 5 cm. Then the outlet of the vent pipe to the roof is compulsory.

If the house has pool, dumping water into sewer system, the use of the design in question is also necessary. This is due to the fact that in such a situation it is possible to reset large quantity water.

A fan riser and access to the roof are needed in cases where drain happens in private septic tanks located Near home.

If the house one-story, But bathroom And toilet located at different levels, and the drainage occurs in one pipe.

Our website presents 183 villages with . You can choose for yourself best option, using filters and set the desired distance from the Moscow Ring Road, the availability of communications and infrastructure, area, cost per hundred square meters. Or use the selection application form and representatives of the Low-Rise Country exhibition will make an offer based on your wishes.

Carrying out installation

When installing a riser, it is important to pay attention to some points:

No need underestimate diameter outlet pipe. If it is too narrow, then its thickness may not be enough for quality work. Pipe diameter 100 mm is most suitable for this purpose.

Horizontal part of the sewer system should not be located on same level. In this case, there is a risk of formation water or air traffic jams It is recommended that the pipe be installed with weak slope. It is usually considered sufficient to use a slope of two centimeters per meter of length for this purpose.

Sometimes when installing a system they do riser outlet not on the roof, but on attic. Do this categorically Not recommended. From exposure to escaping air, the layer thermal insulation the roof may become saturated with moisture. Another consequence could be decay rafters

When installing a pipe on the roof, it is sometimes installed on its hole deflector. It will protect from hits precipitation and random debris. Additionally, its influence in windy weather will be expressed in increasing traction. But there is another opinion. It is believed that this or that additional device, installed above the pipe opening, promotes the formation condensate, which in frosty winter weather will lead to icing pipes from the inside. As a result, it will be partially clogged and may cease to perform its functions.

When carrying out installation, you need to consider:

Fan riser pipe is not recommended move away from vertical sewer drain. If for some reason this is difficult to do, then transitional It is better to make the connection using corrugated pipes

It is believed that height pipes above the roof should be 50 cm. It is recommended that the roof outlet be located on distance no less 4 meters from balconies or windows.

System reliability will be higher if you install back valve. It settles in where it happens drain into the public sewer pipe. Its action is that drains pass from an apartment or house to the outside free, and in reverse direction gases And liquids don't penetrate at all.

Video description

A video with a detailed description of what a drain pipe is, how it works, how to make it, how to prevent sewer odors and avoid mistakes:

On our website you can find contacts construction companies who own , provide . You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.

Is it necessary to put it on the roof?

Sometimes in apartment buildings, residents of the upper floor themselves dismantle the riser pipe leading upward.

The motivation for this decision is insufficient knowledge of the principles of sewerage operation and the idea of ​​a drain riser as something superfluous and unnecessary. Soon after this, a persistent smell from the sewer pipe appears on the upper floors.

The situation can be improved. In this case, there is no need to install vent pipes on the roof. It is enough to attach a special valve to it. It will not release air outside, but when a zone is formed low pressure will let air in, which will prevent the water seals from breaking.

There is no need to put such a riser on the roof. The valve must be installed at the top of the sewer pipe system. Although this is convenient (there is no need to install a pipe passing through the roof), such a device is not highly reliable.

Vacuum valve for installation at the top of sewer pipes Source drive2.ru

To install a fan riser, you should pay attention to the following:

When bringing the pipe to the roof you need cover the hole with a grill. This is necessary to protect against birds.

Sometimes when this system is running it sounds quiet unpleasant noise. In order to get rid of it, you will need wrap pipe soundproofing coating.

It's not always possible withdraw roof drain pipe from each sewer system. In this case you can provide one pipe per several risers.

Installation of a fan riser

Plastic or cast iron pipes can be used for this. There are several options for laying them. It can be straight, oblique or with a horizontal section. The first of these options is considered the most effective, but it cannot be implemented in all cases. Less suitable is the location of the fan pipe at an angle.

Options for laying the vent riser, pipe material and outlet openings vary Source sovet-ingenera.com

If it is not possible to carry out the installation using the previous methods, then you will have to use an installation where a horizontal section of the pipe will be used. It is laid within the attic from the point where it will be possible to install a vertical pipe.

The exhaust pipe exits to the roof using one of the following methods:

It can be done in the form pipes on the roof.

Sometimes it is done through sloping wall roofs.

Sometimes it happens that the outlet is located inside the attic premises.

The last option is of lower quality. At the same time, moisture escapes through the pipe, which can lead to condensation and rotting of the roof. In addition, sewer odors spread through the pipe. When it is located on the roof, this impact is minimized.

The second option is considered vulnerable to icing.

In the attic, you can equip an exit from the riser only if you install a special valve there, which can only let air in, but not out.

Video description

For a story about a vent riser for ventilating a septic tank, see the following video:

Conclusion

The use of vent risers is mandatory, except in a one-story private house for one family. If this is not taken care of, unpleasant odors will constantly appear in the apartment. A correctly selected system for installing a fan riser will completely solve this problem.

Menu:

Each multi-storey building is equipped with its own sewerage system. Its function is to drain sewage and other wastewater into a city-wide highway or other treatment plant. To prevent the spread of unpleasant odors indoors, use.

This device, which is a continuation of the riser, is carried through the roof to the outside of the building. It removes gases from and stabilizes the pressure in it.

In this article you will learn a lot useful information about this device and you can see its photos.

General information

The mass of sewage that arises during the flushing of wastewater into the system, entering the main line, acts like a pump. Before the drain, the pressure indicator increases, and after them it decreases.

If the ventilation section of the line is not provided during use, the water seal will fail. Air mass is sucked through the drain hole of plumbing fixtures. The effect allows gases to enter the building.

This problem happens with devices with a weak water seal. But sometimes a breakdown occurs in several areas at once. It is accompanied by characteristic gurgling sounds appearing in the drain holes.

If the line is equipped with a ventilation section, air enters the line absolutely freely.

Due to this, the pressure indicator stabilizes. There is no failure of the water seals. Accordingly, the smell of sewage does not penetrate into the room.

Design standards

The design in question is a continuation of the riser. Therefore, it is constructed from the same channels. Their most popular cross-section is 110 mm. Top of the structure. It is needed to prevent rain or snow from entering the riser. IN general view the basic standards are indicated in.

To properly install a fan channel, follow these rules:

• do not select the device diameter indicator smaller size riser sections;
• the part is mounted on the roof at a height of no less than thirty centimeters from the ridge;
• it is prohibited to connect the ventilated system with other ventilation systems in the house;
• the part is located away from windows;
• part of the channel passing through the attic must be insulated;
• It is strictly forbidden to install the structure under the roof overhang, as this will lead to its breakdown in the winter.

To install a fan channel, prepare its diagram. Below you can see a general example of it.

Check out the parts of the diagram:

• A - section 100 mm (toilet and bidet);
• B - size 50 mm (washer, sink, bathtub, shower);
• C - section 50 mm (dishwasher and sink).

You can prepare a fan structure project on your own. To cope with the task you need to have minimal engineering knowledge and carefully study the requirements of SNiP 2.04.01-85. Below we will talk in more detail about what needs to be taken into account at the project preparation stage.

• for channels with a cross section of 50 mm - three centimeters per meter;
• for structures 85-100 mm - two centimeters per meter.

The slope value for branches up to one and a half meters in size is fifteen centimeters per meter. The channels must be installed straight. There should be no slope of the horizontal part. The directions of the channels can be changed using special fittings.

To combine several risers, it is allowed to use one fan riser. Change the direction of the channels above the area where the last plumbing fixture connected to the riser is located.

To connect 2-3 channels, use . It is mounted at an angle from forty-five to one hundred thirty-five degrees. It is necessary to change the direction of the channel only by means of a special bend placed at an angle of one hundred and thirty-five degrees.

It is advisable to place the lower part of the fan structure in a warm place, and the upper part in a cold place. This will make the traction level optimal.

The cost of installing a ventilated duct in multi-storey building depends on many factors. First of all, on the quantity necessary materials, their quality, and the complexity of installation. Installation of a fan structure costs on average 5-7 US dollars per one linear meter. The cost of performing the work may include the creation of grooves, installation of clamps and dismantling of old structures.

Fan channels may need cleaning if dirt or precipitation. It's easy to prevent this. As we already wrote above, part of the structure on the roof needs to be equipped with a special fungus.

Installation errors and repairs

When installing ventilation ducts, inexperienced craftsmen make mistakes. They are usually associated with the desire to get the job done quickly.

The most common mistakes are:

1. The outlet of the fan channel is not on the roof, but in the attic. Over time, gases will accumulate in large volume. Finding no way out into the atmosphere, they will begin to penetrate other rooms of the building.
2. Installation of the device with outside load-bearing walls. This will lead to condensation and subsequent troubles.
3. The use of decorative fungus on the upper part of the channel leads to a decrease in traction. As a result, the device does not perform its function. This leads to the spread of gases inside the building.

Repair of fan structures often involves replacing old ones with new ones. It is advisable to perform this procedure under the guidance of an experienced specialist. quite heavy. Moreover, they are characterized by a fragile structure. Careless handling will cause them to break. You need to work with it very carefully. Otherwise, you can cause damage to any elements of the structure and your own body.

If you need to replace ducts in a multi-story building on the ground floor, choose only high-quality replacement products. It is important that new polymer structures can withstand the existing pressure in the system.

For repair work needed various instrument. A drill, grinder and sledgehammer are required. To solve the problem, you may also need other tools. Since replacing cast iron products is a rather complex and time-consuming operation. After dismantling the old channels, install new ones. You already know how to do this.

Is a vent pipe needed in a one-story house?

All multi-storey buildings must be equipped with ventilation ducts. Without them, it is impossible to solve the problem of gas distribution. Sometimes the use of this element is also relevant for private houses.

If the building is located there are several plumbing units used simultaneously. If the riser has a cross-section of fifty millimeters, even a small mass of waste can break the water seal. Therefore, in this situation, a fan channel is also needed. If on the site of a private house the septic tank is located near the building, you need to equip it with the ventilation devices in question.

To quickly connect the washing machine to the drainage system, install a separate siphon with a channel for it. Ventilation of the riser will be required if the main line is constructed incorrectly.

Check valve

To ensure fluid flow in one direction there is a device called reverse. The most popular channels for sewer circuits have a cross-section of 110 and 50 mm. Therefore, the part in question has the same dimensions.

The component is placed at the junction of the channels or an insertion is made with a threaded joint. There are models where a “plate” is used as an element that blocks the flow of liquid. This component is located inside the device.

It is subject to pressure from the right side, and it opens. If impurities begin to move in the opposite direction, the component in question blocks them.

Ball models are more popular.

They work on a similar principle. But instead of a “plate” they are equipped with a ball element. These products are characterized by greater reliability.

There are flange and coupling type parts. Each of them has its own characteristics. Parts of the first type are created for highways installed both horizontally and vertically. Devices of the second type are installed only on vertical channels.

To equip toilets, valves with a cross-sectional area of ​​110 mm are used. Products with a cross-sectional size of 50 mm are mounted on the internal pipeline.

Check valves are made from:

• cast iron;
• plastic;
• become.

You need to choose a device based on. If they are, then the device must be made of plastic.

The installation of the parts in question is carried out in different ways. Models with a significant indicator bandwidth, placed on public highways. They can be used to equip small private houses. For installation in an apartment multi-storey buildings they are not recommended.

Installing the device at all drain points reduces the possibility of accidents. This is important for those homeowners who live on the first two floors of multi-story buildings. After all, they are the ones with the greatest risk of an accident. To become more familiar with the design of the check valve and the method of its installation, read this article.

When it comes to installing (or replacing) sewer lines, errors in planning or installation can lead to unpleasant odors. To avoid this, it is necessary good ventilation sewer riser.

This is realized using a fan pipe.

What is a sewer drain pipe, and how does this system work?

Fan pipe - section of pipeline that connects the sewerage system to the atmosphere(goes up through the roof). It branches off from the sewer riser and goes up through the entire house.

At the top (on the roof) it is covered with a fungus (head, umbrella) - so that precipitation and debris do not fall from above.

The wastewater passes through sewer pipe top down. If you open the drain at one point (for example, drain the water in the toilet), then the water will pass through the system without any problems. If at the same time water drains from several plumbing points (toilet, bathroom sink, bathtub, shower, washing machine), then the riser will be filled to its full diameter.

This will create a vacuum that will “pull” water out of the water seals, causing an unpleasant odor to appear in the bathroom - if there is no drain pipe in the house.

If there is one, then air will be sucked in from the atmosphere through its hole, and the pressure in the system will equalize. Thanks to this, the plumbing seals remain in place and do not allow the smell to penetrate from the pipes into the room.

Another solution to the problem is . It can be installed instead of a drain pipe, or it can complement it.

More information about the operation of the sewer system (video)

Why is it needed: purpose and functions

Now let's look at why such a scheme is needed:

Removing gases that accumulate in the sewer system (they are removed upward through the pipe and released into the atmosphere).

Maintaining pressure in the sewer system (equalization when draining a large amount of water).

“Protection” of water seals (preventing them from being sucked in).

In general, the drain pipe ensures the normal operation of the sewer system.

Where is a vent pipe needed, and where can you do without it?

According to SNiP, in low-rise construction (in one-story and two-story private houses), the sewerage system does not necessarily have to have a drain pipe. The reason is that in such houses the volume of simultaneously drained wastewater is small, and in rare cases it can completely block the diameter of the sewer riser.

In a private house, there is a need for such a ventilation duct if:

the house has two or more residential floors, and both (or more) floors have a bath and toilet;

the house will have 2 or more bathrooms that can be used simultaneously;

the house has a swimming pool (or any other source of a large amount of waste, for example a jacuzzi);

the diameter of the sewer riser is small (less than 100-110 mm);

There is a septic tank (cesspool) located near the house.

If you are building a house of 1-2 floors, in which there will be 1 toilet and a bathtub (sink, shower), you can do without a ventilated riser, or limit yourself to installing a sewer valve. This is true for dachas and small cottages.

Is a vent pipe needed in an apartment? multi-storey building? Yes, it is needed, and it is always available. The reason is that in apartment buildings the volume of wastewater is always large (especially during the hours when people are in the apartment: in the evening, early in the morning, on weekends).

How to choose the right fan pipe?

Before installing a riser or replacing it with a new one, you must select the right pipe. An incorrect choice may result in system malfunction.

The main parameters when choosing are:

1. Length (you need to know what the full line height should be).

   Material.

What should the diameter of the drain pipe be?

The diameter of the drain riser is the main characteristic that must be taken into account when choosing and designing a system (especially in Khrushchev, since in apartment buildings there is a large number of drains).

The basic rule for choosing a size: minimum diameter must be no less than the cross-section of the sewer riser(if the riser has a diameter of 250 mm, then the drain pipe should have the same size).

Common sizes during construction are single- and two-story cottages are pipes with a cross section of 50-90-100 mm. This is enough if the house has:

sewer riser with a diameter of 100 mm;

sink (kitchen sink) with a 50 mm drain pipe;

shower drain;

washing machine.

Selection by material

To lay a sewer riser, pipes made from the following materials are usually used:

PVC. Plastic products easier and faster to install, cheaper in cost. Plastic is gradually replacing cast iron - new systems are usually made from this material.

Metal (cast iron). Cast iron pipe is an outdated solution for sewer systems. Cast iron is strong and durable, but it is much more difficult to work with: cast iron products weigh a lot, they are more difficult to cut and connect, and during operation they become dirty faster.

If necessary (if repairs and replacement of the system or its individual sections are carried out)you can connect plastic and cast iron pipe. Insertion into each other is carried out using special adapters (cuff).

How to check if there is a drain pipe in the house?

If you are not building a house, but buying a ready-made building, it is advisable to find out whether it has a vent riser.

To do this, you need to flush the toilet and listen to sounds from the sink or bathroom. If you hear a squelching suction sound, the pipe is either missing altogether or is clogged and requires cleaning.

Installation rules

To properly install a fan riser, you must comply with the following requirements:

The outlet of the riser should not go into the attic, but into the street. If sewer gases escape into the attic, it will smell bad and the humidity will increase (which will lead to mold).

The diameter of the drain riser must be no less than the diameter of the sewer riser. More is acceptable, but not required.

The pipe outlet should not be located close to a wall or near other structures (windows, balconies). Otherwise, stains from gas emissions may appear on the wall, and an unpleasant odor will be felt in the rooms near the outlet.

The outlet should not go under the roof overhang, otherwise in winter the pipe may be damaged (due to ice or melted snow).

For private houses, it is enough to use 1 vent riser. Lines from all plumbing points must be cut into it using tees, crosses and adapters.

There must be a temperature difference between the lower and upper points of the pipelines (it’s warm at the bottom, cold at the top).

The fan riser can be laid in the ventilation shaft, in one box. However, it should not be connected to ventilation ducts leading to residential premises and chimneys (according to SNiP).

It is permissible to connect several sewer pipes to one drain riser.

Installation rules (video)

In the ides of the scheme

According to the “direction” of the output, there are 2 options for laying:

Horizontal - whenthe pipe does not exit through the roof, but through the wall. The method is relatively rare and can only be used in private construction, in cases where for some reason the output cannot be made through the roof. In this case, a grille is installed on the hole, not a deflector.

IN vertically - the most common option: the riser is led up through the roof.

Vertical passage, in turn, is divided into 3 more subtypes:

An outlet with a slope of 90 degrees: a branch is made from the riser at a right angle, from which there is then another branch, and from this there is a straight section extending above the roof.

An exit with a slope of 45 degrees: a branch is made from the riser at an angle of 45 degrees, another branch is made from it, and from this there is a straight section extending above the roof.

Vertical outlet: The riser simply continues until it exits above the roof.

The exhaust pipe exits through the roof: how is it done and what height should it be?

U The fan riser section, located outside, above the roof, must meet certain requirements:

Height above roofing material The roof in use must be at least 3 meters high.

The height above a flat roof that is not in use must be at least 30 cm.

Height above pitched roof must be at least 50 cm.

Horizontal distance between terminalpipes and the nearest window (balcony) must be at least 4 meters.

The outlet should be covered by a deflector on top. It is needed to prevent debris, insects, birds, and precipitation from getting inside.

If it is possible to draw a line through the pediment, it is better to implement this option rather than passing through the roof. In this way, you can save yourself from troublesome work with roofing material and further sealing.

How is the output through the roof made? (video)

Installation errors

The installation of a ventilation riser for a sewer system may be carried out with errors. Of the most common:

Dismantling the riser (intentionally or unknowingly) in apartments (multi-storey buildings).

Output under the roof overhang.

Using pipes different diameters when creating a sewer system.

Output of the riser to the attic.

Mounting the riser external wall the buildings.

Do you need soundproofing for a drain pipe?

Soundproofing needed if the pipe passes through living rooms. In this case, the noise of water and air will be heard in the premises. The pipeline itself will also make noise due to vibration and resonance.

Sound insulation of areas passing through non-residential premises- not required.If the riser is laid inwall, and the thickness of the partition is small - then at the construction (repair) stage it is recommended to perform at least “light” sound insulation.

IN Ideally, the issue of sound insulation should be resolved at the design and construction stage of the building. The riser needs to be “hidden” in a separate box (shaft), or planned so that it does not pass through the living quarters.It is also recommended to use special “silent” pipes(thick-walled polypropylene products).

The soundproofing process itselfcarried out using “shells” or roll insulators that are wound onto the pipeline. The thicker the layer, the more effective the insulation will be.