Herbaceous peonies - when to divide and how to replant correctly (master class with photos). Technology and timing of peony transplantation

Peony, with its large, noble flowers on tall stems surrounded by lush foliage, is a favorite among gardeners.

This herbaceous plant without human help, it forms a picturesque bush up to 1 meter high and grows well in one place for decades.

All this is true when correct landing and proper care.

Sometimes circumstances arise in which The best decision- replant peonies. Replanting in autumn is necessary:

To propagate your favorite variety;

If flowering does not occur or the flowers become smaller;

When changing the garden layout.

Replanting peonies: why in the fall?

For successful wintering and subsequent growth, a young plant requires a well-developed root system. The active formation of the underground part begins when the heat subsides, daylight hours decrease and the plants begin to prepare for winter. From the leaves and stems there is an outflow of nutrients to the root, as a base for flowering in the next season. Replacement buds are laid for several years to come.

Future flowering in the spring directly depends on the development of the root in the fall. Peonies transplanted in September - October have time to adapt to a new location, build up a sufficient root mass and a network of adventitious absorbent roots that provide nutrition to the entire bush. Young plant may bloom in spring.

Helpful advice! The novice gardener is very pleased with the flowers that appear in the first year after planting. But it is better to cut off the first buds so as not to deplete the fragile bush. All nutrients will be used to form leaves and roots, which will ensure full flowering in the second year.

In spring, all the forces of nature are aimed at growth and flowering. If the transplant is carried out at this time, the root, not having time to gain strength, is forced to provide nutrition to the rapidly growing bush. He will be able to form and nourish himself only next fall.

Spring temperature changes and summer heat are more easily tolerated by overwintered rhizomes. Based on many years of practice, experts involved in breeding this crop insist that peonies need to be replanted in the fall.

Preparing the soil for autumn replanting of peonies

A peony can bloom for more than 50 years without replanting if it grows in a good place. Choosing the ideal site:

1. Peonies love the sun; they can react to even slight shading by stopping flowering. Choose a bright area, protected from drafts.

2. The walls of buildings and fences should not be near the flower garden. IN sunny days they shield heat, and peonies do not tolerate overheating.

3. The root easily rots even with temporary stagnation of water, therefore good drainage is required. When lying close groundwater should be arranged high bed.

Preparing a site for peonies autumn transplant starts in the summer. It is advisable to prepare the planting holes a month in advance. Taking into account the diameter of the future bush, the distance between the holes is measured from 1 to 1.5 m. The depth and width of the hole is about 70 cm. This is necessary for the full development of the root system. If you treat only the top layer, then when you reach dense soil, the root will begin to grow to the sides, become more vulnerable to overheating, frost, and lose part necessary nutrition.

Drainage is placed in the prepared hole (sand, stones, chopped branches, expanded clay), two-thirds is filled with soil mixture (soil from the garden, sand, humus). Fertilizers are added: 50 g of superphosphate and potassium chloride, a tablespoon of iron sulfate, two glasses of bone meal and wood ash. Stir and water thoroughly. Before planting, the soil should be compacted.

Peonies grow well only in neutral soils; if the soil is acidic, liming will be required. You need to check the acidity regularly, because any application of fertilizers acidifies the soil.

Attention! Peat has an acidic reaction, so it is not used when growing peonies. It is advisable not to use it even for mulching and shelter for the winter.

Correct division of a peony bush when replanting in the fall, photo

What could be simpler than dividing the overgrown rhizome into parts and planting it like new plants? But there are some subtleties here too:

Before digging up the rhizome, cut off the above-ground part of the plant;

Dig around with a shovel, carefully remove the root with a pitchfork;

Do not pull on the stems - there is a danger of damaging the buds at their base;

After lightly shaking off the soil, leave the rhizome in the shade for several hours (the root will become less fragile).

It is worth separating for planting the lightest (and therefore youngest) sections of the rhizome, with several large buds. Such “divisions” of peonies for replanting in the fall (pictured) are the best planting material.

To disinfect cuts and breaks, the sections are treated with a pink solution of potassium permanganate or sprinkled with wood ash. Remove old and pest-damaged areas.

One of important conditions When planting, monitor the depth of bud placement. On heavy soils, from the top of the bud to the surface of the ground there should be a soil layer of no more than 4 cm. For light soils, 5–7 cm. Regulating the depth is important throughout the life of the peony; flowering, as well as successful wintering, depend on it.

Fill the hole with ordinary garden soil, compact it and spill it generously. Autumn watering should be regular, to the entire depth of the root system.

It should be remembered that fertilizers in the planting hole are deeper than the level of young roots, therefore organic and mineral supplements must be applied with watering. Peonies respond well to a solution of rotted manure and complex fertilizers. Proper watering Peonies when transplanted in the fall are shown in the photo.

What to do if the peony does not bloom?

Peony is a delicate flower that does not like extremes. Overmoistening, overheating, deep or shallow planting, soil acidification. Any of the factors can lead to the bush not blooming.

The main reasons for the “capriciousness” of a flower:

1. Poor lighting. For full flowering, peony requires 6 hours of light per day.

2. Planting depth. If the planting is shallow, hilling will help; if it is too deep, it is better to replant it correctly.

3. Take care of the leaf mass of the plant, do not remove it until the first frost. When cutting flowers for bouquets, there should be at least 2 leaves at the base on the stem. You can cut no more than a third of the flowers from the bush.

4. Insufficient feeding. For vigorous growth and abundant flowering, the plant requires a lot of strength. In spring, nitrogen fertilizing is appropriate; during the growing season, complex formulations are required.

5. Age of the bush. Over the course of several years, a young peony can gain strength and grow its roots. Flowering will have to wait. An adult bush, when flowering has stopped, should be replanted by separating the old rhizome and planting cuttings with live buds.

As long as the root is viable and there are buds on it, everything can still be corrected. Transplanting peonies in the fall will allow you to rejuvenate the plant, propagate the bushes, and avoid annoying mistakes. Peonies will definitely respond to your attention and patience. lush flowering for many years.

Peonies can grow in one place for many years, but sooner or later gardeners are faced with the question of replanting the bushes. At first glance, this is a troublesome matter, but in practice everything is different. You just need to remember the timing and choose the right transplant method.

Suitable time to transplant peonies

Features of transplanting peonies in spring

In early spring, peonies are replanted as a whole bush; division is not done during this period. The survival rate of plants is good, since there are many suction roots on the roots. But success depends not only on this - it is important to constantly keep the soil moist. It’s good if the weather is damp, but in a dry spring you will have to water the plantings regularly.

You need to start replanting when the snow has completely melted from the flowerbed, but the bushes have not yet begun to grow. The soil in a new place is prepared in advance: it is loosened, fertilized with sand, humus, and compost.

Important! Fresh manure cannot be used.

Transplant instructions:

1. The old bush is completely dug out of the ground, trying to preserve the lump.

2. landing pit Water it abundantly, install a peony bush and sprinkle it with soil.

3. The soil is compacted, watered and mulched with organic matter.

If mineral fertilizers were added to the planting hole, they must be mixed with soil. Peony roots are fragile and can burn.

Best time for replanting peonies in the summer - the month of August. The heat is no longer so intense, the bushes will tolerate the procedure more easily and adapt to the new place.

Planting pit for summer transplant prepared six months in advance. It must correspond to the size of the root system, its width is at least 50 cm, and its depth is about 80 cm. The bottom of the hole is well drained, filled halfway with compost or humus, watered abundantly and left until the end of summer. By the time of planting, the soil will have completely settled, and the roots will not be exposed after watering.

In August, the old peony bush is dug up, divided into parts, and thinned out. New divisions must have at least 6 buds each. Before planting, the cuttings are washed under running water and kept in a solution of potassium permanganate.

Important! If the root needs to be divided with a knife, then the tool is disinfected in advance.

During planting, the roots are buried 5 cm into the ground, after which they are sprinkled fertile soil and water it. Planting depth is very important, otherwise the plant will refuse to bloom. In the future, the peony is cared for as usual.

How to replant peonies in the fall

Peonies transplanted in the fall will bloom next spring. Over the winter, the bush will rest and gain strength. The transplant is planned for warm days, when there are still two weeks before the expected frost. This is exactly the period needed for rooting bushes in a new place.

In each region, the timing of transplantation is different. In the Urals and Siberia, the time for planting is from mid-August to mid-September. In the Moscow region and the middle zone, planting must be completed before September 25. In the south of the country, the procedure can be extended until the end of the month.

Instructions for replanting in autumn:

1. Prepare a hole measuring 40 x 50 cm, at least 20 cm deep.

2. Trim old shoots to a height of 15 cm.

3. Dig up the bush with a pitchfork so as not to damage the roots.

4. Remove rotten or dry areas of roots, divide into parts if necessary.

5. Plant the plant in a new place, deepening the buds by 7 cm. Planting deeper will lead to rotting of the roots.

For planting, use a mixture of fertile soil with mineral fertilizers or humus.

Instructions for replanting peonies to bloom

In order for a newly transplanted bush to bloom, you need to plant it correctly. First, choose a place where the peony will be grown. This should be a well-lit, dry area without drafts. It’s good if the sun hits it in the first half of the day, and in the midday heat the bush will be in partial shade. This will extend the flowering period. The eastern side of the site is best suited.

Important! Peonies are planted away from trees or shrubs, as they block the plant with their shadow. The full development of the bush will be disrupted, and flowering is out of the question.

Peonies develop well only in loose, loamy soil. They grow poorly in heavy soil. The depth of rooting depends on the soil on the site. If the soil is heavy, then the cuttings are buried only 3–5 cm. On light soils, the planting depth is increased to 7 cm. If planted deeper, the peonies will not bloom.

When transplanting peonies, you need to properly plan the flower bed. The distance between bushes for low-growing varieties is about 80 cm, for others up to 110 cm. Tree peonies planted at a distance of 1.5 m.

Caring for peonies after transplantation

On next year after transplant experienced gardeners It is recommended to pick off the buds so that the bushes get stronger. Then next season the flowering will be abundant.

After autumn replanting, the bushes are mulched with a thick layer of humus to prepare the peonies for winter. If this is not done, the roots may die. In spring, the soil under the bushes is loosened.

When caring for peonies, do not forget about pruning the shoots. Many gardeners do it wrong. Shoots are trimmed late autumn, from mid-October to early November. After two weeks, the bushes are fed with phosphorus and potassium.

Important! More early pruning shoots weaken the bush, it does not tolerate winter well.

When pruning a bush, the shoots are cut completely level with the soil. If there is no rain during this period, then the soil around is watered abundantly. The cut areas are treated with a solution of potassium permanganate. All plant residues are removed from the flowerbed and burned; they can cause diseases.

Peonies are unpretentious flowers that are easy to grow. If you follow all the instructions, then abundant flowering is guaranteed every year.

Ideally, the bushes should be replanted in early September, when the rhizome begins to actively produce shoots - when replanted, they will become the key to good survival of the bush in a new place.

But, if it was not possible to dig up a bush in the fall, gardeners replant the plants in early spring, when the ground is still full of moisture, and the bushes are just emerging from wintering. You just need to wait for the first green branch to appear. Gardeners know that the first sprouts of peonies are bright red, as soon as they begin to form into a green branch, it is time to “move.”

Photo: Kathrin Ziegler/DigitalVision/Getty Images

Two weeks to prepare

Transplanting peonies begins not with digging up a bush, but with preparing a place for future planting. The fact is that the flower does not like unstable soil, so a hole for it must be made in advance. A couple of weeks before digging, you need to form large holes for the bushes and fill each with small pebbles or coarse sand. From above, into a hole half a meter deep, you need to pour half a bucket of a mixture of sand and turf soil. This filling can be replaced with the following composition:

A glass of bone meal;

Humus and peat in equal parts;

A glass of ash;

50 grams of superphosphate.

In each hole, regardless of the natural moisture of the soil, you need to pour a bucket of water and leave for a week for the mixture to shrink.

The transplanted plant needs to be covered with spruce branches; it will protect the peony from frosts on the soil, which can happen in spring and early autumn.

Photo: Manuela Schewe-Behnisch/EyeEm/Getty Images

How to “move” correctly

In autumn, the plant needs to be tied and the leaves trimmed, leaving no more than 10 centimeters of the stem. Dig up the soil around the bush and pour plenty of water. And you can dig it up only the next day.

There is one more subtlety here: you need to dig up the plant with a pitchfork, because the shovel often crushes the rhizome severely, and the flower suffers for a long time. When replanting in autumn, the root of the flower must be cleared of soil, and sometimes - if the soil is highly acidic - even washed in a weak solution of potassium permanganate. In spring, the soil cannot be removed; on the contrary, the lump around the root should be as large as possible.

Place the peony rhizome in the prepared hole in the center, this will allow the young roots to spread faster and begin to nourish the plant. You need to water the peony from above and only then sprinkle it with soil so that there remains a noticeable hole in which water will initially accumulate.

It is important to remember that the buds of the plant should not go underground more than 5-7 centimeters, otherwise they may rot.

So, peonies, when to replant, how to propagate, care for them is the topic of our conversation. When peonies bloom, the garden is transformed beyond recognition. Very beautiful and festive! It turns out that this flower can grow and bloom magnificently in one place for 100 years or more! This means that it is worth paying more attention and time to the issues of choosing a location and preparing the soil. Look at the photo of the peony at the end of the article - isn’t your garden still decorated with such gorgeous flowers?

Purchased peony roots - what they should be

Beautiful, abundant flowering bush peony cannot grow from poor planting material. Sign good quality peony root - divisions (the so-called part of the root tuber separated from the mother plant) - large or very large, bright, shiny buds of renewal, as well as the absence of areas affected by rot. Most best root peony for planting - a division with a bunch of young thin roots and several large buds.

It is very easy to distinguish young roots from old ones. Old peony roots are usually darker, while young ones are lighter. The length of the roots should be 15-25 cm, thickness - 10 mm or more.

The root collar is the most weakness peony, a gateway for infection. The more old tissue on the root collar, the more likely that there is an infection on it. At the same time, old tissue is a field “sown” with dormant buds. According to my observations, divisions from 2-3-year-old bushes with 1-2 buds develop much better than very large ones with 3-5 buds from old bushes. The young ones are somewhat behind in growth compared to the “old ones” only for the first 2-3 years, and as the roots grow, they overtake them.

In cuttings from old bushes there are often hollows formed as a result of an infection. But if the rhizomes do not rot, and the hollow is surrounded by healthy tissue, then this is a minor defect. True, such roots can become a haven for garden ants.

Note! The place of the cut or break should be matte. If it shines when wetted, this indicates the presence of putrefactive processes. In this case, very carefully strip all sections down to healthy tissue.

Peonies - planting in open ground

A planting hole measuring 60x60x60 cm should be prepared in advance. On dense soil (clay, heavy chernozem), it must be filled with loose nutritious soil mixture rich in humus. After all, peony is a big gourmet; in spring it always lacks nitrogen. If the soil is light, you don’t need to prepare the hole in advance. If you dug a hole immediately before planting, be sure to fill it with water so that the soil quickly settles.

Before planting, the cuttings are soaked in water. Severely dried cuttings can be left in a container with water for up to three days. Peony drinks water no less than cabbage. But from excess moisture, the roots can burst, forming cracks. Therefore, it is important to monitor this process and prevent them from cracking.

Young divisions are planted in rows taking into account their size: small ones - vertically, and large ones - at an angle. Immediately before planting, inspect all suspicious places on the rhizomes, if necessary, clean them to healthy tissue. Places of cuts, breaks and the root collar are generously sprinkled with wood ash.

Before planting, the purchased division is soaked for 30 minutes in a suspension of foundationazole or topsin-M (according to the instructions), and then dipped in a clay mash of the consistency of sour cream with the addition of up to 100 g of copper sulfate.

Peony planting depth

In floriculture literature it is usually written that when planting a peony, the buds should be at a depth of 2-3 cm from the soil surface, since peonies do not bloom when planted deep. However, this is not always true. For example, interspecific hybrids are capable of germinating even if the root is at a depth of 60 cm. I had such a case. True, we had to wait 7 long years for flowering.

But shallow planting, in which the root collar is too close to the soil surface, is very dangerous: it suffers not only from heat and frost, but also from excess melt water in the spring (this can cause the fall of peony bushes).

Peony - when to replant

From my point of view, in Kuban no earlier than October 15-20. Why? Because peonies lay flower buds in the first ten days of October, when the leaves are still green, that is, there is an outflow of nutrients into the rhizome. This process continues until the leaves turn yellow. This is what you need to focus on when determining the timing of digging and dividing bushes.

Usually in the literature it is recommended to plant peonies in August. However, these deadlines are for Middle zone Russia and Belarus. It’s much warmer here in Kuban, so the planting times are different. If they ask me for peony shoots, then I divide and plant for propagation in early October. But to plant planting material possible until the frosts.

How to divide peonies when transplanting

The bush chosen for division is dug up with a lump of earth and washed from the ground with a strong stream of water. If there are several divisions, from bushes different varieties, then you need to hang up labels with the name of the variety and transfer them to a dark place for 1-2 days. During this time, the roots wither somewhat. This makes division easier and prevents breaking and cracking of roots in the wrong place.

Peony rhizomes of 4-5 years of age can be divided into sections with an ax, placing its blade in the center of the root collar so that there are the same number of buds on the right and left. Tapping the ax butt with a heavy hammer, cut the bush in half. Next comes a sharp knife and pruning shears.

To divide old bushes, a pruner is enough, and a 2-3-year-old bush can easily be broken into sections even by hand.

Place for planting peony - which one to choose

Peonies tolerate light or partial shading well. At my dacha there are peonies that are in an area open to the sun all day long, and there are those that are illuminated by the sun in the morning and evening, and during the day, when the sun is at its hottest, they find themselves in deep shade. They feel great everywhere, but, it seems to me, in the area where the peony bushes are in the shade for some time of the day, they bloom more beautifully and longer than others.

As you can see, peonies have a lot of secrets. But a person who is in love with these flowers will always find an approach to his favorites and reveal their secrets.

It is important to know about peonies little secret. They have two clearly defined periods of active root formation (growth of suction feeding roots) - at the end of August-September and in early spring from awakening and strictly until mid-May. As luck would have it, they start tempting us with seedlings in February-March. What to do? I buy them, store them as much as I can in the state of sleeping beauties, whoever wakes up, I plant them on the loggia in suitable containers, and cherish them until spring. Optimal temperature should be somewhere +5°C, maximum permissible +15°C, minimum permissible up to -5ºC (at lower temperatures I cover it well, put it in a large cardboard box). I plant my winter peonies at the very beginning of May, and there are no problems. But I (unknowingly) had experiences of planting from containers in June... The plants, to put it mildly, did not feel well. Several tree-like trees were destroyed, although they looked great before planting. This is how I became convinced that the recommendation was correct: if you weren’t able to plant it before mid-May, then it’s better to keep the peonies in containers until August, it will be more comfortable there. You can dig it in the shade.

http://myproplants.com/100029/a126633/p554059/

From my own experience, I was convinced that peonies (herbaceous) planted in the spring or early summer then slow down their development and do not bloom... I did this out of necessity (I saved peonies that were subject to “liquidation” from friends), I hope they will still be pleased with the flowering this year !

http://www.asienda.ru/post/29767/

My grandmother planted it like this: she dug a hole, put broken bricks on the bottom and on top of it an old fabric, like a quilted jacket, so that the fabric was thick. I covered it all with soil and only then stuck the seedling in. It turned out that the root grew in breadth, and not in depth, and this gave a lot of flowers.

https://otvet.mail.ru/question/24292928

Peony photo