DIY jigsaw machine drawings. Do-it-yourself desktop jigsaw

Homemade jigsaw.. Sounds unreal. However, professionals have always been valued and in demand. Carpentry can be both your main income and a pleasant hobby. The hands of a carpenter produce wonderful products, unique and inimitable. IN modern world, with its terrible ecology, every person increasingly strives to surround himself with natural, natural materials. Handmade wooden items can become an exclusive, priceless gift.

A jigsaw is capable of cutting any sheet material lengthwise and crosswise.

But in order to create all this magic, you will need not only quality wood, but also tools. A wide variety of wood jigsaws are sold in stores, but a true master will not be satisfied with such a tool. Because they are not suitable for performing truly delicate jewelry work. There is only one way out - to make a jigsaw. If you have hands and a bright head on your shoulders, then you can do this task.

There are several options for making such a tool: upgrading a purchased model or making it from improvised means. There are two types of jigsaws for wood: manual and electric. Hand tool– this is a classic.

Making from a sewing machine

Necessary materials:

• old-style sewing machine;
• file

Sequencing:

1. After unscrewing the bolts, the needle is carefully removed.
2. The drive shaft is removed.
3. The protective panel is unscrewed.
4. The hole for the needle expands to the size of the prepared file.
5. The length of the file is trimmed to the size of the needle.
6. The top and bottom of the file are ground off.
7. The file is inserted in place of the needle.

Materials for tabletop jigsaw:

• duralumin pipe;
• copper sheet;
• plastic;
• drill;
• clamps

Sequencing:

1. You need to make a frame from a duralumin pipe.
2. When making it, do not forget about the need for a channel in order to subsequently lay the power cord.
3. Making a C-shaped frame from a copper sheet. Next, it is attached with screws to the frame in the place where it connects to the handle of the tool.
4. A gap is cut in the plastic. A file passes through it. You will need a drill to cut the hole.
5. Mounting holes are drilled on the plastic.
6. The jigsaw is attached to a plastic base so that the file passes through the gap.
7. The structure is attached to the table using clamps.

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The jigsaw consists of a motor and a rocker with a saw.

Motors from washing and washing machines can be used for the motor. sewing machine. The body is made of plywood. It includes the base itself and the table. The box should be located between the base and the table, and on inside shelf-bracket and intermediate shaft. And on the reverse side there is a disk and a rocking chair.

The eccentric is connected to the rocker using a rod. The rod is made of steel plate. It's all connected with screws. The intermediate shaft should be installed on several bearings; they are covered with a lid to prevent dirt and sawdust from entering. The double-strand pulley is placed on the shaft and secured with screws. The eccentric of the jigsaw is also installed. Four holes are drilled on the eccentric flange. Thanks to this, the stepped screw will change position. Accordingly, the amplitude of the swing will change. A rocker is a wooden rocker in which you need to install a screw. And on the front side of the structure metal plates, with hinges, with their help the files are attached. The file is placed in the slot of the work table and clamped tightly.

Rocker arms oscillate frequently and violently during operation, and the plates are subjected to excessive heavy loads. Therefore, it is necessary to pay due attention to the correct fastening of the saw. The plates must fit securely into the slots and be tightly tightened. But the earrings that hold the files are installed in such a way that the screws do not clamp the halves too tightly.

The axis should get a little freedom. The screw that tightens the rocker arm must have a small gap for the thrust screw. The rocking stand itself can be made from a block. A groove is made on the upper side of the block for the upper rocker arm. The stand can be made from halves or made into composite parts.

These are the homemade items you can make with your own hands. There are different jigsaws for wood, but better than that that you make with your own hands cannot be found. Such a tool will serve you faithfully for many years. This is a real help for home handyman. There is so much you can do using this simple unit. But still, this device can be dangerous, so before you start working, you should familiarize yourself with the rules for using the tool.

1. Device and principle of operation
2. Assembly instructions
3. How to remake a manual jigsaw
4. Sewing machine machine

Desktop jigsaw machine- equipment for cutting, sawing out figured parts from various materials. Its feature is the ability to make cuts while maintaining the integrity of the outer contour of the workpiece. Depending on which saw is installed on the structure, the machine can process natural wood, its derivatives, plastic bases or metal.

The device is indispensable when performing construction and repair work, production of furniture, souvenirs. Equipment is often purchased for domestic purposes. Sometimes it is irrational to buy a factory unit: you can make a jigsaw yourself. The photo shows the design of the tool.

Device and principle of operation

A stationary factory sample includes a work table for a jigsaw, a unit with a cutting element is fixed on it, an electric drive installed under the table top and a crank mechanism. The tension unit is installed at the top or bottom of the machine. Many models of units allow you to cut material at different angles. This is necessary for making bevel cuts. Often for convenience swivel mechanism, stops, guides, markings are applied. The length of the cut depends on the dimensions of the table; in most models it is 30–40 cm.

The power of an electric jigsaw may be low. For domestic purposes, a 150 W unit is sufficient.

An important element is the crank mechanism. It is responsible for the quality of transmission of engine torque into the translational and reciprocal motion performed by the cutting element in a vertical position.

A standard jigsaw tool is characterized by a vibration frequency of up to 1000 per minute with an amplitude of 3–5 cm. Some samples provide for adjustment of the processing speed of various materials. In most cases, such a tool is equipped with a saw up to 35 cm long, which allows cutting parts up to 10 cm thick.

In order for the cutting element to serve for a long time without breakage or cracks, it is necessary to provide it with optimal tension along its entire length. For this purpose, screw and leaf springs are used. As an additional option on factory devices, it is provided air pump to remove sawdust from the cutting line. A unit with a drilling unit is useful, but you need to pay extra for each additional unit.

Assembly instructions

A jigsaw is made from a refrigerator compressor or a regular drill. The cutting blade can be set in motion using a motor from washing machine. Another option is to use hand jigsaws and old sewing machines. The figure shows a design drawing.

How to remake a manual jigsaw

First of all, the table is made. For this, a sheet of thick plywood or metal is used. Through holes are cut out for the cutting blade and fasteners. Through them, the manual unit placed below is fixed to the supporting structure. Further jigsaw table attaches to any stable wooden table. Guide rails are added.

If necessary, the machine can be quickly disassembled.

The standard device is equipped with springs that provide the file with the required level of tension. You can’t do without a rocker arm; one of its edges is under spring tension, the second provides attachment to the cutting element of a jigsaw. You can also clamp the blade between two guide rollers.

Before starting work on homemade jigsaw Be sure to turn off the pendulum stroke.

Sewing machine machine

A jigsaw from a sewing machine contains a saw speed regulator, provided by a speed switch on the equipment.

For manufacturing, the thread weaving mechanism is removed. In most designs it is placed at the bottom. Unscrew the bolts, knock out the cotter pin, remove the drive shaft leading to the thread weaving unit.

Then the upper protective panel opens, the groove along which the needle moved expands to the width of the file. Jigsaw saws are slightly modified: they are cut according to the size of the longest needle that could be installed on the machine. In order not to make an adapter for fixing the cutting element to the seat, grind off the upper incisors and make the lower part of the blade sharp. A cutter is installed in the needle holder. After this, they begin cutting out the blanks.

For figured cutting on wood, a hand jigsaw was traditionally used - a simple tool with thin file, allowing you to create elegant patterns from wood. Later, a jigsaw machine was invented, working on muscular traction, like a foot-operated sewing machine or a potter's wheel.

The development of technology and the emergence of compact low-power electric motors led to the creation of a manual jigsaw, and then a corresponding electrified machine, which you can make yourself.

Purpose

Stationary units that ensure vertical movement of the saw blade allow you to cut from sheet materials details complex shape, elements with curved edges. If you insert a file into a through hole drilled in the workpiece, you can make a shaped contour inside the product.

Using jigsaw machines, workpieces from various sheet materials are processed, including:

• solid wood;
• plywood;
• wood-containing boards (chipboard, fiberboard, MDF);
• aluminum;
• plastic.

Using a jigsaw machine you will be able to increase labor productivity and significantly improve the quality of processing of shaped edges of products. This is explained by the fact that the working person has both hands free and can position the workpiece as accurately as possible relative to the moving cutting blade. This is the main advantage stationary tool with electric drive from a manual jigsaw.

Jigsaw machines are installed in school and home workshops, as well this type equipment used in furniture production and during production musical instruments. Modern laser machines can be used instead of jigsaws, since they provide the highest cutting accuracy along a given contour, but their use is limited by the effect of burnt ends of parts.

Device

The tabletop jigsaw machine consists of the following elements:

• bed (supporting structure on which all mechanisms and components are mounted);
• Desktop;
• electric drive;
• crank mechanism (responsible for converting the rotation of the engine shaft into reciprocating movement of the saw);
• double rocker (equipped with clamps for saw blades and a tension mechanism).

The machines produced today are mostly designed to use saw blades with a length of 200-350 mm and a working stroke of 30-50 mm. Files vary in width (2-10 mm), thickness (0.6-1.25 mm) and type of shank - they come with pins and without pins. The latter are more convenient, since to cut out the internal contour it is necessary to drill a hole in the workpiece through which the end of the file should pass. If there is a pin, the hole should be noticeably larger. Some models of jigsaw machines allow you to attach both types of files, including old-style ones, from Soviet hand tools. Files also vary in the size of the teeth and their arrangement - it can be straight or spiral.

Tool selection

To choose a good machine suitable for solving specific problems, you need to pay attention to its power. The majority of models are equipped with an electric drive with a power of 90 to 500 W. For home use Optimal power is 150-200 W.

An important selection criterion is the presence of two operating speeds of the unit. IN standard version– 600 and 1000 rpm. This makes it possible to select the appropriate mode for working with materials of different densities.

The desktop can be fixed or rotating. Fixing the table at an angle allows you to cut material at specified angles other than 90°. There are also models that provide table height adjustment - this allows you to extend the service life of the file, since you can use different sections along its entire length for work, and not just the central part.

Manufacturers equip jigsaw machines with a variety of options, including:

• a compressor to remove chips from the marking line with a stream of air;
• drilling block;
• illumination of the work area;
• guarding the blade (will not allow your fingers to come into contact with the moving saw);
• clamping device (prevents vibration of sheet material of small thickness).

Additional options increase the cost of the jigsaw, but do not fundamentally affect its functionality.

Manufacturers

The power tools market includes different kinds jigsaw machines: from devices designed for creative work at home to high-performance models designed for professional use. In addition to machines that use regular saws, you can find band jigsaws on sale.

The list of popular brands includes Bosch, Hegner, Einhell, Proxxon, Makita, DeWALT, JET, Xendoll, Excalibur, Kroton, Korvet, Zubr.

The leaders in quality and reliability are the products of famous German brands Bosch, Einhell and Hegner. In addition, the lines of jigsaw machines include a wide range of models of varying power and configuration, which makes it possible to choose high-quality electric jigsaw for the home, optimal in functionality.

Budget models, including those made in China, have also performed well. Models of the Korvet, Zubr and other brands are suitable for home use without increased loads.

Before purchasing a jigsaw machine, regardless of its brand, you should definitely conduct tests to evaluate the smooth running of the working body and the noise level, to ensure that there is no extraneous sounds and vibrations. It is recommended to compare several models different brands and purchase the option with the best performance.

Making a jigsaw with your own hands

Homemade machine made to replace regular jigsaw woodworking, is able to ensure high-quality performance of the basic set of operations on figure cutting sheet materials. Depending on the purpose, you can design a compact electric model or a stationary unit designed for high loads.

Materials

As a basic diagram, it is most convenient to use a drawing of a simple wooden jigsaw with a flywheel and pedal assembly and replace the mechanical drive with an electric one. If the machine is intended to be used only occasionally, you can do without a special electric motor. Instead, connect any suitable power tool. It is convenient to use a screwdriver with adjustable rotation speed.

The material used to manufacture the machine itself is wood, and:

• It is better to make the frame and the supporting pedestal for the lever rod from high-strength plywood ( minimum thickness– 18 mm);
• for a lever structure, you need to take dense wood that is not prone to cracking under load - beech or oak (instead of buying bars, you can use straight legs of old chairs of suitable size);
• for the crank mechanism, plywood with a thickness of 10-12 mm is required;
• For the remaining elements of the structure, pine lumber and various trimmings are suitable.

According to the jigsaw machine diagram, a bed and a supporting pedestal are made. Wood screws should be used as fastening elements, joints wooden elements It is recommended to coat the structures with PVA emulsion. It is important that the structure is strong and there is no play, otherwise the accuracy of the machine will be low.

Parts preparation and assembly

Next, the levers of the required length are cut out, and cuts are made at their ends for fastening the saw. The mount is made of a steel plate 2-3 mm thick, with a pair of holes. The upper hole allows you to fix the plate on the lever, and the lower one is intended for attaching the shank of the file. Fastening elements - screws of suitable diameter and nuts - are more convenient to use wing nuts. The mount is installed on the lower arm in the same way.

On next stage The lever system is mounted on the frame. To connect the free ends of the levers, a screw tie (lanyard) is used, which makes it possible to easily adjust the tension of the saw blade.

Note! The length of the files used should be determined in advance, since the size depends on this lever mechanism. It is necessary to ensure that the levers are as parallel as possible relative to each other.

The racks need to be fastened together to create a strong support for the flywheel. The axis can be a pin or a bolt of at least strength class 8. The flywheel is connected to the lower lever by means of a connecting rod made of the same plywood, while the rods connecting to the lever must be metal.

At the next stage, a work table with a rotating mechanism is made - a rotating arc with a slot must be cut out of plywood. The table is installed on the bed. To easily fix the rotating mechanism in the desired position, use a wing nut.

In this model, the electric drive is a screwdriver - to operate it, just connect its chuck to the flywheel axis. You can regulate the speed using a variable-force clamp made of a durable strap and a small clamp (or other screw tightening).

The homemade machine, simple in design, is easy to use.

Robust stationary design

The design of a jigsaw for professional use is practically no different from a compact one wooden model. It is only important to choose the right materials so that the unit is able to withstand increased loads and does not vibrate during operation.

• bed – heavy chipboard;
• stand for a lever structure - hardboard, textolite of suitable thickness;
• levers – steel square pipe;
• table top - any durable, hard and smooth material.

Elements for fastening the blade (can be taken from an old hacksaw) are soldered to the levers or secured with screws.

You will need a working electric drive with a gearbox that will provide the necessary torque. To start the engine of a homemade jigsaw, it is convenient to provide a foot pedal (taken from an old electric sewing machine or made using any suitable electrical button).

When assembling the structure, metal stands and metal fasteners are used. Using a metal insert, you can strengthen the fastening of the connecting rod. This will reduce vibrations and reduce wear.

The tabletop has a long working slot to allow rotation around the longitudinal axis.

A spring is provided to tension the web. The lower lever is responsible for the movement of the working blade, the upper one helps to hold the file in a vertical position.

Thus, an electric jigsaw can be assembled on your own using available materials. This will not require serious financial costs, but will only take some time to find materials, necessary parts and assembly.

Using a tabletop jigsaw you can make furniture, beautiful patterned shelves and much more at home. The mechanism allows you to cut smooth and curved parts from wood, plastic and dense foam materials. In order for a homemade device to fully satisfy the requirements, it is necessary to carefully select a suitable design.

Design and technical characteristics

The device of any model of jigsaw machine necessarily contains:

• saw;
• crank assembly;
• drive unit;
• saw tension device;
• Desktop;
• auxiliary mechanisms.

The material to be processed is placed on the work table. Some models are equipped with a rotating device that changes the inclination of the surface. To make it easier to mark the material with your own hands, graduations are applied to the surface.

The larger the table size, the longer the cut you can make. On average, this figure is 30 - 40 cm.

The drive power for a homemade desktop machine is about 150 W.

The crank assembly converts the rotational motion of the drive into reciprocating motion and transmits it to the saw. On average, the frequency of saw blade vibrations per minute is 800 - 1000. The amplitude of vertical movement is no more than 5 cm. Some models allow you to select the speed of movement depending on the properties of the material.

File hand jigsaw can work with wood, plastic no more than 10 cm thick, with a length of up to 35 cm. For different types of materials and work, the files vary, their width is 2 - 10 mm.

A manual tension device secures the saw blade for uniform sawing; it consists of screw or leaf springs.

Types of machines

Structurally, all jigsaw devices can be divided:

• with lower support;
• with double support;
• on suspension;
• with degree scale and stops;
• universal.

The most common are models with a lower support. Their frame is divided into two halves: lower and upper. The cutting and cleaning module is located at the top. At the bottom there is a control module, an electric motor, a transmission mechanism and a switch. Allows you to process sheets of material of any size.

Models with double support differ in that there is an additional rail on the upper half of the bed. Such devices are good for creating oversized parts. They are easier to install than the previous option. Both models allow you to process material no thicker than 8 cm. The machine comes with a work table with angle and height adjustment.

Suspended machines are not equipped with a monolithic frame; they are very mobile. During processing, it is the cutting module that moves, not the material. The working module is usually attached to the ceiling with your own hands, so the size of the material is unlimited. Cutting tool moves by hand independently of the bed, creating very complex patterns.

Machines with a degree scale and stops are good for precision work according to drawings. The design allows you to avoid errors. Universal jigsaw machines can perform several operations associated with cutting: drilling, polishing, grinding.

Making a machine yourself

Homemade drawing table jigsaw: 1 — rocking insert (2 pcs.), 2 — earring (2 pcs.), 3 — table, 4.6 — screws, 5 — rod, 7 — eccentric, 8 — base, 9 — earring axles, 10 — upper rocker arm , 11 — rocker axis, 12 — wing, 13 — cross member of the tension screw (2 pcs), 14 — tension screw, 15 — rocker stand, 16 — lower rocker arm, 17 — box, 18 — double-ribbed pulley, 19 — intermediate shaft, 20 — stand bushing, 21 — table plate, 22 — bearing with cover (2 pcs.), 23 — electric motor pulley.

In the drawing of a tabletop machine made by yourself, the number of components must be kept to a minimum, these are: a rocking chair with a fixed saw, a bed and an electric motor. You can take a motor from an old electric machine.

Owners of a manual jigsaw are luckier. You can make a stand from a sheet of plywood and attach a jigsaw to it. To attach the jigsaw with your own hands, you will have to make holes in the base of the tool. The most simple model ready.

Now about the more complex and functional ones. The stand is made by hand from 12 mm plywood, thick plastic or textolite. It consists of a base, a box for housing the engine and mechanisms, and a work table. On the other side we place a rocking chair with an eccentric. They are connected to each other by a metal plate with bushing bearings. The entire structure is secured with screws. To mount the intermediate shaft, prepare a pair of bearings. A double-strand metal pulley is placed on the shaft as tightly as possible, and the screw connection is secured. You can make an eccentric in the same way.

To change the amplitude of movement of the rocker, four round through holes with threads are made on the eccentric flange, located at a distance from the axis by different distance. By changing the installation location of the screw, the range of movement of the rocking chair is adjusted. It consists of a pair of wooden rocker arms hinged to a stand. The rear ends of the rocker arms contain through cuts; tension screws are inserted into them. A file is attached to the ends at the front and is movable due to metal hinges. Before fastening, the file is inserted into the groove of the working surface of the table.

The mechanism for attaching the file is very important. During production homemade device with your own hands, you should pay special attention to it. The inserted plates of the rocker arms bear constant loads when moving, so they are rigidly fixed and tightened with Grover screws and washers. The fastening earrings should not be strongly compressed by the screws, allowing the hinge axis of the plate to move.

If you are engaged in carving and make figures or parts from wood, plastic or similar material, you cannot do without a tool whose name is reminiscent of the distant Soviet past: a jigsaw.

There are differences between jigsaws, now both “pioneer” elementary manual models and electric ones are available for sale. modern instruments, only vaguely reminiscent of the usual files.

You can make a jigsaw yourself: technical literature and the Internet offer many diagrams and drawings of electric jigsaw machines.

Making such a device is not difficult, and you will get significant benefits from it. You will be able to independently produce the furniture you need and realize the most daring creative ideas for the interior.

An example of manufacturing a jigsaw machine.

A homemade jigsaw allows you to professionally make smooth parts of the most bizarre shapes. First, you need to decide on the design that is most suitable for you.

Technical description and components

The schematic diagram of any jigsaw machine is the same for different models.

It must contain the following parts:

• file;
• drive with a power of about 150 W;
• rocker for tensioning the file;
• working surface with graduation;
• drilling block, etc.

Consumables are fixed on the working surface. In advanced models, there are special devices for rotating movements of the part; in them, the working surface can change the angle of inclination.

The surface dimensions will depend on your production and creative plans: what large sizes the parts you are going to cut, the larger your production table should be. Traditional sizes are usually around 30 – 40 cm.

There are a wide variety of types of files. They depend primarily on consumables. The dimensions of the parts for cutting also matter. Conventional saws for working with wood have a length of about 35–40 cm. They are able to saw parts made of wood or plastic with a thickness of no more than 100 mm.

WITH different types The materials also change and the files also change, mainly in relation to their width: from 2 to 10 mm. Files can differ in the type of their tails - with or without pins. They are fixed in a special device for tensioning and even sawing. For this purpose, they have springs of a spring type.

Another important one: the crank assembly. Its function is difficult to overestimate: it is it that transmits movement from the drive to the saw, turning rotational motion into translational motion.

Assembly drawing of a jigsaw machine.

Due to this, the file begins to oscillate at a high frequency, the speed of such oscillations is on average about 800 - 1000 revolutions per minute. It is important to remember the amplitude of vertical vibrations; it should not exceed 50 mm.

In advanced modern jigsaw models, the speed varies depending on the type of consumable. Most desktop models operate in two speed modes. Most often these are 600 and 1000 rpm.

Model range of jigsaw machines

Most often, in the power of an electric drive, the range of values ​​is huge: from 90 to 500 W.

These devices are also divided into varieties based on their fundamental design:

• universal;
• on suspension;
• with graduation;
• with the caliper in the lower position;
• with double caliper.

Jigsaws with lower support

Diagram of machine design elements.

The most used and popular models are machines with lower support. Their feature is the division of the working bed into upper and lower parts.

If in the upper section there is only one device for sawing and cleaning, then in the lower section there are many working elements: an electric motor, a switch, a transmission unit and a control unit. This design makes it possible to saw sheets of materials of almost any size.

Double slide machines

A homemade jigsaw with a double support differs from the lower support by the presence in the upper section of a special additional bar and a work table with the ability to change the angle of inclination and overall height.

These models are designed to work with oversized parts. This machine is easier to make than the previous model. There are restrictions on the materials that can be worked with: their thickness should not exceed 80 mm.

Hanging machines

The name speaks for itself: the model is movable, it works without a stand. The fundamental point in this design is the movement of the cutting file, and not the consumables. The module itself is attached to the ceiling, the saw is driven manually.

All this provides serious advantages: in this way you can create the most complex patterns, the surface dimensions are not limited in any way.

Devices with graduation

The presence of stops and a degree scale make it possible to work according to technical drawings, without the slightest error.

Universal machines

Such devices are usually called jigsaws. Their feature is the ability to perform several operations such as grinding, polishing, sawing, etc.

How to make a jigsaw machine with your own hands?

We will not dwell on the manufacture of simple machines: you can easily find this kind of manuals with video support on the Internet. Let's talk about homemade machines from a jigsaw.

Do-it-yourself machine assembly.

Here is the sequence of work for their manufacture:

• We make a bed from plywood sheet or plastic.
  The main thing is that the thickness is at least 12 mm. The function of the bed is a foundation, a working surface and a place for fixing mechanisms and an electric motor.
• We place a special rocking chair with an eccentric on the opposite side.
  We connect them using a metal strip with bearings. All fastenings in the structure are screw.
• We install the intermediate shaft.
  To do this, you need to prepare two bearings, place the pulley on the shaft as tightly as possible, then carefully secure it with screws. Similar actions are performed with the eccentric.
• On a rocking chair, the range of motion should change.
  To do this, you need to change the mounting location of the screw, for which we drill exactly four threaded holes on the eccentric flange. The holes must be located at different distances from the axis. With a change in the mounting location of the screw, the amplitude of the rocker will change.
• We make a rocking chair: these are nothing more than wooden rocker arms, into whose rear ends the screws that you made in the previous paragraph are inserted, these are tension screws.
  The rocker arms themselves are attached to the rack with hinges. We fix a file to the front ends of the rocker arms. Previous and given stages must be done with special attention and thoroughness. The fact is that attaching the file is a fundamentally important thing. Rocker arms with plates are subject to constant loads during movement due to their rigid connection with screws.
• The rocking chair requires a stand.
  It will be better if it is made from a whole piece of material. We make a groove for the first rocker arm on the top of the rack. At the lower end we place a special rectangular opening for the second rocker arm.

Yours. We wish you great ideas and their high-quality implementation.