Rowan varieties. Uses and properties of rowan

​Processed products High Quality, the fruits can be used not only for the preparation of sweet products, but also as seasonings for first courses, as a component of various sauces. - anti-inflammatory, anti-burn, wound-healing, gastroprotective and radioprotective agent. Why rowan is useful for everyone without exception - prevention of vitamin deficiency , (do not overdo it), general strengthening, immunostimulating effect. Here you can eat berries in fresh, dried and canned (jelly, jam, syrups) form.​

​Kashmiri rowan

Rowan is probably familiar to every person. In childhood, all of us at least once tried its bitter-sour red berries, which concentrated a huge amount of vitamins and other useful compounds. It has anti-inflammatory, vaso-strengthening, astringent, mild diuretic and laxative, hypotensive effects.​

​The tree is about 3 m in height. Young shoots of Koehne rowan are almost bare, red-brown, the foliage is odd-pinnate, 20 cm long, with 25 leaves. The flowers of the Koehne rowan are white, collected in corymbs, and look bright against the dark background of foliage. This rowan is beautiful at the time of fruiting, when white, small, sour, without bitterness fruits develop.​

Decorative forms of rowan

​stomach ulcer;​

Special taste

​Fruits: Round, apple-shaped, orange to bright red, ripen in August-September​

​Crimson rowan​

The fruits ripen in late August-September, edible, large, up to 3 cm in diameter, oblong or pear-shaped, greenish-yellow or red-brown. The pulp is mealy, with stony cells, like a pear. The taste is astringent, sweetish. There are a number of varieties and forms.​

Rowan - deciduous trees or shrubs with feathery or simple leaves. They have long been widely used in fruit growing and landscaping; they are good honey plants. They bloom profusely in late spring and early summer, reaching their greatest attractiveness in autumn, when the foliage turns various shades of red and yellow, and the branches bend under the weight of bright fruits.​

​SCARLET LARGE​

​Flamicar syrup​

​Fresh and dried berries​​(cashmiriana Hedl) and Kene rowan (koehneana C.K.Schneid) are interesting in decorative terms, since their berries are white and “hold on” well all winter. However, these plants have no medical value.​

In traditional medicine, the fruits of mountain ash are recommended for use in cases of vitamin deficiency and anemia, and folk healers use it in a wider range. It is believed that mountain ash treats gout, asthenia, hemorrhoids, glaucoma, whooping cough, gastritis, atherosclerosis, and helps fight cancer, kidney and liver diseases. Berry syrup is used for rheumatism and urolithiasis. The juice promotes better healing of wounds, ulcers, as well as the elimination of warts.​

​Plant in April or October in a mixture of leaf, turf, humus soil and sand; during spring sowing, seedlings appear in May. Loves sunny places, but also tolerates shade. Grows well in moist loamy soils. Rowan Koehne is winter-hardy in the middle zone and does not need shelter.​

​varicose veins and thrombophlebitis.​

Homemade rowan

​Today there are many varieties of garden rowan, not only with colorful fruits, but also delicious in taste. The plant is frost-resistant: it can withstand temperatures down to -50 degrees. It easily tolerates wind, so rowan can be planted on open areas. In good light, the tree forms a beautiful, powerful crown and produces a good harvest.​

However, we will not offend our native mountain ash. This plant rightfully migrated from forest edges to gardens and parks long ago. Unpretentious, winter-hardy, elegant at any time of the year, pleasing with abundant harvests of medicinal berries. Rowan berries are rich in vitamins A, C, P, group B, organic acids, potassium compounds, phosphorus, and iron. However, the strong astringent taste and bitterness, which do not disappear even after freezing or boiling, leave rowan berries in the category of medicines, not delicacies.

The species is quite winter-hardy, drought-resistant, and almost not susceptible to attack by pests. Propagated by seeds. Widely used to create alleys, as well as fruit.​

​Most suitable for culture in central Russia

- meets the requirements of intensive culture, annual yield, abundant, resistant to drought, disease, tolerates negative temperatures - 50°. The fruits are scarlet, large, 2-2.4 g or more, and resemble the Vladimirovskaya cherry in size. Good for making jam, compotes, candy fillings, etc. It can also be used to enrich other processed products with vitamins. Tree of sustainable growth.​

Intermediate rowan

​– for diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract.​

​In addition to those indicated, there are many more species of rowan traditionally zoned on the territory of Russia. Significant differences except taste qualities There are no berries between them.​

Rowan hybrid

​No less popular in folk medicine The chokeberry also won, which has found its use in the treatment of hypertension and eye diseases.​

​Grows in the forest and forest-steppe zones of Russia and Siberia. Grows singly along forest edges, clearings, and river banks.​

How to care for rowan

​Healing rowan tea​

​Planting rowan

note

But rowan attracts birds, especially blackbirds and waxwings. It’s worth planting this tree near your house even for the pleasure of admiring a flock of silvery-pink waxwings in winter.​

The fruits are used in the same way as the fruits of mountain ash. When fully ripe, they are usually quite sweet.​

Rowan feeding

​Rowanberry (Sorbus aucuparia)​

​RUBY​

​Vitamin collections of rowan and other fruits medicinal plants(rosehip, nettle, chamomile, valerian, peppermint, burdock, St. John's wort, sage, calendula, etc.) are presented in the pharmacy chain wide range. They are used in the complex treatment of psoriasis, cardiovascular diseases, varicose veins, allergic conditions, cerebrovascular disorders, rheumatism.​

• ​Fresh juice and dried fruit powder​
• Chokeberry (chokeberry) has nothing to do with classic rowan trees and is so called “popularly” solely because of the external similarity of the inflorescences and fruits. Common rowan and chokeberry (one family - pink) are as far from each other as tomatoes and tobacco (one family - nightshade).
• ​Valuable part useful plant are its ripe fruits, which should be collected after frost. It is at this time that they are less sour and bitter. Berries picked in summer can be frozen or dried for later use.​
• ​Tree 11 m tall with alternate, odd-pinnate leaves. Flowers in large corymbs. The fruits of the mountain ash are spherical, orange-red, long time are stored on branches. Frost-resistant, undemanding to soil, but better development reaches on loose.​

​1 tsp, pour 1 tbsp of fruit. boiling water, leave for 30-40 minutes. Drink 0.5 tbsp. 1-3 times a day as a multivitamin, general strengthening agent, as well as for allergic and other skin diseases.​

Rowan is usually planted in the spring before the buds swell (in March-April), in the fall - a month before frost.

​Oddly enough, in my garden the birds first attack the wild rowan and only then “harvest” the sweet fruit crop.​

Intermediate rowan, or Swedish (Sorbus intermedia), grows in Northern Europe. Tree 10-20 m tall with an oval crown. The bark is smooth, gray. The leaves are entire, oblong-ovate, shallowly divided into lobes. In autumn they turn red.​

​. This species is widespread in nature, found throughout Europe, most of Siberia and the Far East, and grows in North Africa.​

- resistant to various unfavorable factors of growing conditions, the growth of the tree is restrained, the shape of the crown resembles the Pepin saffron apple tree variety.

The use of rowan in any form is contraindicated for pregnant women suffering from increased blood clotting with a tendency to form blood clots, thrombophlebitis, gastritis with high acidity, gastric ulcers or duodenal ulcers. Before you start​

​helps in the treatment of obesity and diabetes (others folk remedies from diabetes mellitus read see in this article).​

​Chokeberry “emigrated” to Russia (to Altai) from North America and got used to the data quite well climatic conditions. However, it is not particularly cold-resistant and its range does not extend far to the north.​

- A decoction of dried fruits is taken for constipation, migraines, hypertension, atherosclerosis, gastrointestinal diseases, rheumatism. To prepare it you need to take two or three tables. spoons of raw material, pour boiling water (500 ml) over it, leave for half an hour, squeeze and drink ½ cup three to five times a day.​

​Has decorative forms: the shape of the crown, the taste and color of the fruit, the color of the leaves, which are used with great success in green construction.​

Rowan tincture

The lifespan of the common rowan is 100-150 years. Rowan is most productive at 35-40 years old - it produces up to 100 kg. berries from the tree.​

​Multi-colored rowan​

​Blooms in late May - early June for 1-2 weeks. The flowers are white, collected in wide corymbose inflorescences. The fruits are round, up to 1 cm in diameter, orange-red, edible, ripen in August. Does not take cuttings well, propagated by seeds or grafting. Frost-resistant, quite drought-resistant, tolerates air pollution.​

​Tree 10-15 m tall, often large shrub. The leaves are large, openwork, odd-pinnate, dark green, turning yellow, orange and red in autumn.

​The fruits are higher average size, are suitable for preparing dried products, in this case they resemble raisins and can be used as a component in dried fruit compotes. The economic efficiency of all varieties of rowan is very high.​

​treatment with rowan

​Decoction of fruits​

Red rowan - vitamin bunches

However, the benefits of chokeberry are also worth knowing, since this plant can relieve many diseases. But we will talk about this in another article.​

- Juice and fresh berries are advisable to use for gastritis, colds, hypertension, hemorrhoids. They drink it in fresh 50-70 ml three times a day.​

Decorative forms of rowan: Russian - similar to the main form, but with wider, larger leaves, large, edible fruits; pyramidal shape - with upward-pointing branches and a narrow pyramidal crown; weeping form - with long, thin, drooping branches; Beisnera - a charming form with pinnately lobed leaves, young red shoots; Fifeana - rowan with yellow fruits.​

​Mix 2 kg of berries (slightly frozen), 1 kg of sugar, 1 liter of water and vodka, leave for 3 weeks. Drink a small glass 2 times a day before meals. This vitamin remedy will help the body resist the onslaught of infections and flu.​

For plants of vigorous varieties, holes are dug 80 cm deep, measuring 100 cm x 100 cm at a distance of 5-8 m from each other; for low-growing varieties - 50 cm and 80x80 cm at a distance of 4-5 m. Season fertile soil, mixed with 2-3 buckets of humus or peat, 200-300 g of superphosphate, 100-150 g of potassium salt. On acidic soil 1 kg of lime is added to the nutrient mixture.​

​Gardeners have long paid attention to other types of mountain ash, differing in size, crown shape, taste and color of the berries. Kene rowan grows wild in the temperate forests of China. What makes her different is White color berries, especially elegant against the background of orange-red autumn foliage.​

​Blooms in late May - early June for 1-2 weeks. The flowers are small, ivory-colored, collected in large corymbose inflorescences. They have quite a strong unpleasant aroma, reminiscent of the smell of fish.​

​KUBOVA'S DAUGHTER

​, especially older people, should undergo a full examination by a therapist.​

​is widely used in the treatment of diarrhea, pulmonary diseases, fractures, arthritis and even paralysis.​

​Rowan​

- Rowan berry in combination with honey is an excellent remedy against stones in gallbladder. You need to eat it every day for 1-2 months.​

Pomegranate rowan is the result of crossing an ordinary rowan with a hawthorn. Tree 4 m in height, with simple leaves, shiny, smooth, dark green, slightly pubescent. The fruits of rowan pomegranate are the size of a cherry, sweet and sour, burgundy in color. Winter-hardy. Excellent in alley and single plantings.​

​For the intestines​

Plants are planted 4-5 cm deeper than the level of the root collar, but without deepening the grafting site. Roots in landing pit should not bend or come into contact with fertilizers. The hole is filled with soil from the top layer and compacted. After planting, the seedlings are watered (2-3 buckets of water) and the central conductor is shortened by 20-25 cm. Side shoots, if any, are also cut so that they are not higher than the central conductor.

Rowan mogovina grows in the south; in the conditions of the Middle Zone it freezes slightly. But in the southern regions of Russia this type of rowan grows in huge tree and produces very large, plum-sized fruits of bright crimson and purple colors.​

​Hybrid rowan (Sorbus x hybrida) is found in Scandinavia. This is a natural hybrid of the intermediate rowan and the common rowan (Sorbus intermedia x Sorbus aucuparia).​

Rowan: benefits and harm

The fruits are bright, red-orange, juicy, up to 1 cm in diameter, ripen at the end of August, and remain on the branches until the first frost and beyond.

- resistance to diseases and pests is high, the tree is very winter-hardy, early-bearing, the yield is plentiful, annual, the fruits are bright orange, the taste is pleasant, sweet and sour, without the tart aftertaste typical of rowan. Used fresh and processed - jelly, juices, fruit drinks, jam, rowan figs, raw materials for making marshmallows, marmalade and other products. Tree growth is restrained.​

​We bring to your attention an article by T.K. Poplavskaya, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, about the best varieties of rowan.​

A decoction of rowan leaves

​Scientific studies of the composition of berries explain​

• - General strengthening infusion for anemia and vitamin deficiency: pour two teaspoons of fruits (dry or fresh) into 400 ml of boiling water, let it brew until cool, then add honey or sugar to taste. It is recommended to take this infusion 4 times a day, one hundred milliliters.
• ​Grows wildly in Central Europe and Scandinavia.​
• ​Pass the rowan berries through a meat grinder, add sugar (1:1). Take T tbsp. 3 times a day, washed down with water. This is a remedy for relieving persistent constipation.​
• ​Fact: mountain ash does not tolerate close proximity groundwater(their level should be no higher than 1.5 m). with prolonged stagnation of water in the area, the roots are damaged and the bark becomes damaged. plants die.​

Rowan: recipes

Finnish rowan differs from ordinary rowan in its raspberry-colored fruits, which become transparent when ripe, like viburnum. Canadian rowan has pink berries that turn blue when ripe.​

​The tree is 10-15 m tall, in young specimens the crown is columnar or conical, becoming rounded with age. The leaves are pinnate at the base, in the middle and upper parts entire, lobed, rusty brown in autumn. It blooms in late May - early June for about 2 weeks. The flowers are white, large, up to 2 cm in diameter, collected in corymbose inflorescences. The fruits ripen in September, round, up to 1.0 cm in diameter, bright red, juicy, edible. Propagated quite well by seeds and cuttings.​

​Rowberry - unpretentious plant. It propagates well by seeds and takes good cuttings. There are quite a few decorative forms of this type. They differ in the shape of the crown (spreading, weeping, pyramidal), the color of the fruits and their taste, and the color of the leaves (white variegated, golden, etc.). Common rowan can often be found on personal plots, in gardens and parks, both in the form of single specimens and group plantings along paths, along the edges of tree plantations.​

​BEAD​

​Fruits and berries are important in human nutrition. Of greatest interest are those that contain a large number of vitamins, microelements and other substances that promote human health.​

​Treat exudative diathesis (scrofula) in children, foot fungus.​

What are the benefits of rowan?

Rowan pomegranate from Michurin: video

​No contraindications for use have been identified. However, it should be noted that mountain ash has the ability to increase the acidity of the stomach, so it is not recommended to consume it in very large quantities.​

Intermediate rowan is sometimes confused with hybrid rowan, but this rowan does not have a compound leaf. The foliage is entire, oblong-ovate, shallow-lobed, 12 cm long, green above, grayish below, red in autumn. A low, slender tree with a decorative crown, silver foliage and a smooth gray trunk. Intermediate rowan flowers are white, about 1 cm in diameter, collected in corymbs. The fruits of intermediate rowan are orange-red.

Rowan care

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Rowan: planting and care, types and varieties, photos.

Description of rowan

​Elderberry rowan is a shrub up to 2 m high, especially good for small areas. Compact size and the Tien Shan rowan is distinguished by its graceful crown.

Caring for rowan trees is easy. The tree trunks are kept in order: they are weeded and loosened. In grafted plants, root shoots and shoots developing below the grafting site are cut out. Only young specimens need watering, and only during hot, dry periods. In autumn, the trunk circles are covered with nutritious compost and rotted manure.​

Types and varieties of rowan

Homemade rowan

The fruits of the mountain ash are edible, but are very bitter. This drawback usually disappears after the first frost, then the berries become more palatable.​

- annual yield, high, fruits have a dessert taste, without the tart aftertaste typical of rowan. This rowan is very good for confectionery production, for making fruit candies “Bead in Sugar”, as well as juices that can be used, like cranberry juice for jelly, fruit drinks, as an acidifier in confectionery.​

Rowan is one of the most valuable multivitamin crops

Infusion of leaves and fruits

- the presence of a number of active substances in them:

Rowan Köhne

​Forward >​

Rowan tall tree, therefore it is necessary to plant it along the border of the garden so that it does not shade the area, for example, along the perimeter. Rowan can grow on any soil, but prefers fertile - light loams.​

Rowan pomegranate from Michurin

Mountain ash

​A year after planting in the spring, rowan is fed with nitrogen fertilizers, and in the fall 40-50 g of superphosphate and 20-30 g of potassium salt are added to each plant.​

​Sweet rowan​

Rowan trees respond well to crown molding. For this in early spring Remove winter-damaged and weak shoots. Excessively long shoots are shortened by removing the upper internode. If there is a significant deterioration in growth and fruiting, pruning wood to 2-3 years old helps.

​BURKA​

Intermediate rowan

​: its fruits serve as an excellent source of P-active substances, vitamin C, carotene, vitamin K, and also contain vitamins B2, E. Organic acids, pectin substances, sorbitol, and carbohydrates accumulate in significant quantities in its fruits.

Rowan location

​Vitamins.​

​After the age of four months, do not restrict the baby’s movements in any way. Let him jerk his legs and arms for his own pleasure. This is necessary for proper physical development.​

Rowan care

​Planting rowan: rowan should be planted in autumn or spring. Trees must be planted at a distance of no closer than 5 m to each other. After planting, rowan seedlings must be watered and the central conductor must be shortened, and next year - the side shoots.

Rowan propagation

​Watch this video on YouTube​

The soil around the seedling is loosened in early spring, then 4-5 times during the summer. Tree trunk circles are mulched with peat, manure, etc.

Using mountain ash in landscape design

​Although people have long wanted to make elegant and healthy berries more tasty, work on breeding sweet varieties of rowan has not yielded results for a long time. Since the 19th century, only the popularly selected varieties Nevezhinskaya and Moravskaya, with the subspecies Kubovaya and Zheltaya, were known. They can be called sweet-fruited very conditionally, but the berries are less tart and more juicy than those of wild mountain ash. They were used mainly for making liqueurs and liqueurs.​

Rowan partners

Rowan trees are susceptible to a fairly large number of different diseases, which are divided into leaf diseases ( powdery mildew, rust, brown and gray spots, scab, viral ring mosaic) and diseases of branches and trunks ( different kinds necrosis).​

The famous Nevezhin rowan has fruits that are practically not bitter. She comes from the village of Nevezhino Vladimir region. Nevezhinsky rowan trees were widely cultivated throughout Central Russia at the beginning of the last century. Thanks to folk selection, there appeared whole line varieties. They were used in his works by I.V. Michurin, crossing both with other types of mountain ash, and with pear, hawthorn, and medlar.​

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Rowan.

Rowan - general description

- a low-growing tree (up to 2 m in height), the crown is compact, the yield is annual, abundant, it begins to bear fruit in the 2-3rd year after planting in the garden. The tree is disease resistant. The fruits are dark in color, size 1.3-1.4 g. They are especially good for processing. Compotes and jams have a specific pleasant aroma and a very beautiful appearance. The color of the product is dark ruby, very beautiful. Burka rowan juice in blends with the juice of other fruits, especially apples, gives the product a piquant taste and attractiveness appearance. The color of the juice is ruby, sparkling. There is information about the presence of eight essential amino acids in rowan fruits, without which normal functioning of the body is impossible. There is more vitamin C in the fruits of this crop than in the fruits of many varieties of apple, pear, cherry, and raspberry. Rowan has long been used for medicinal purposes. It is used in gerontological practice and in herbal medicine for diseases associated with increased background radiation. And what kind of rowan juices, drinks, preserves, compotes, jams, figs, marshmallows, marmalade can be prepared!

Rowan - types and places of growth

Bark of young shoots

​Ascorbic acid (“C”), beta-carotene (provitamin “A”) and vitamins of group “P” are contained in rowan berries in quantities much greater than in known fruits and berries, which allows us to call rowan a natural multivitamin. The simultaneous content of high doses of “C” and “P” greatly enhances their antibiotic properties and suppresses the growth of pathological bacteria, viruses and microbes in the body, and beta-carotene helps strengthen immune system. In addition, “P” active substances actively restore the vascular-capillary system.​

Inhalations for laryngitis with a nebulizer Laryngitis is a complex inflammatory process that seriously affects the mucous membrane of the larynx. This pathology develops...Hives - when the body “burns with fire”Redness of the skin, itching, swelling - these are the main, but not all, signs of urticaria....Can heparin ointment be used during pregnancy? Heparin ointment is a combination good drug for external use, which includes benzocaine, heparin and benzyl nicotinate....​

Rowan - medicinal properties

​Care comes down to removing shoots and shoots, as well as fertilizing, watering and loosening the soil, forming the crown and fighting diseases and pests. Since rowan trees begin to grow very early, fertilizing and pruning of plantings must be carried out at an earlier date. When pruning fruit-bearing trees, it is necessary to take into account the nature of fruiting. In varieties and species of mountain ash that bear fruit on last year's growth, the shoots are slightly shortened and the crown is thinned out. Rowan trees with weak growth are rejuvenated with two-year-old wood to encourage shoot growth.​

​In the photo From top to bottom: 1. Mountain ash. 2. Hybrid rowan.3. Mountain ash Monbaig.4. Ashberry Kashmir. 5. Chinese rowan. 6. Rowan alder

​In the fall, they are dug up to 10-15 cm, avoiding damage to the roots, while simultaneously sealing and organic fertilizers. Fruiting rowan trees respond well to watering during the growing season and 15-20 days before harvest. Without enough moisture, especially in hot weather, the harvest will be poor.​

Rowan - dosage forms

A breakthrough in the cultivation of rowan was made by the Russian biologist and breeder I.V. Michurin. As it turned out, mountain ash lends itself well to interspecific crossing, forming hybrid forms with chokeberry, hawthorn, medlar, pear and other “neighbors” in the rose family. This is how numerous varieties of sweet and large-fruited mountain ash were obtained.​

Rowan - traditional medicine recipes

​As control measures, first of all, compliance with the conditions of agricultural technology should be mentioned. It is not recommended to plant rowan and juniper nearby, as they are affected by the same type of rust fungus. Affected leaves and branches are removed and burned. Autumn litter is also burned. Severely affected specimens are destroyed. To combat diseases and as a preventive measure, plantings are sprayed with fungicides.

​OUR HELP​

​GRENADE​

Rowan - contraindications

​in Siberia it is traditionally used to reduce libido, in Ukraine - as a sedative for increased excitability.​

• ​Pectins.​

Rowan is a low tree whose distribution area is very vast and occupies more than one continent. Beneficial features The fruits, inflorescences, leaves and bark of this plant have been known since antiquity. Today, official treatment with rowan is enshrined in pharmacopoeial documents in Poland, Bulgaria, Slovakia, Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus. The answer to the question “how is rowan useful?” In terms of volume it can make up a good book. However, to effectively use this “natural pharmacy”, it is worth considering that rowan is not “suitable” for everyone - the contraindications have a serious basis and deserve careful study.​

Health

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Treatment with rowan - folk and official medicine| Recipe for health

​Pruning rowan - how to do it correctly?​

Pomegranate is the most common variety of sweet rowan. Forms a compact tree 4-5 m high, frost-resistant. The berries are dark red, with a sweet and sour taste without bitterness, but a little tart.​

Types of rowan

​From the 3rd year of life, it is useful to feed young plants three times a season with mineral fertilizers. The first fertilizing with complex fertilizer is carried out in the spring, the second - in mid-summer. At the end of summer and autumn, phosphorus-potassium fertilizers are applied.

• The genus Rowan (Sorbus) from the Rosaceae family has about 100 species distributed in temperate regions Northern Hemisphere. There are 40 species of mountain ash growing in Russia. The scientific name of the plant is the Latin name of one of the types of rowan. - the yield is abundant, annual, the fruits are quite large 1.6-1.8 g or more, dark in color. The ripening period of the fruits is early September. The fruits of this variety have excellent taste in jams, compotes, juices, especially those prepared with other fruits in a blend.​
• ​VNII of Genetics and Selection of Fruit Plants named after. I.V. Michurina Leaves crushed into pulp
• ​More than 50% of pectins in rowan fruits are insoluble (protopectins). Being absorbents, these substances effectively restore the functioning of the entire digestive system and promote detoxification of the body. Rowan berry
• ​The technology of growing material from seeds is simpler and more convenient than propagation by grafting. But when propagating by seeds, it is necessary to take into account not only the variability of species, but also the late entry into the period of flowering and fruiting of plants.​ ​The genus includes 84 species growing in temperate zone Northern Hemisphere.​

During the formation of the crown of the tree, it is necessary to remove thickening branches with sharp forks. A properly formed crown should have 6-10 well-placed main branches (including the central conductor). Before rowan begins to bear fruit, pruning usually comes down to slightly shortening the shoots to the outer bud (to expand the crown). In the future, it depends on the nature of fruiting. In plants of varieties that bear fruit on last year's growths (Desertnaya, Granatnaya, Burka), the branches are thinned out. and the remaining ones are slightly shortened. If the tree has weak growth, the branches are pruned into 2-3 year old wood. In plants of varieties that bear fruit on various fruit structures (Krasavitsa, Rubinovaya), during the period of full fruiting, skeletal and semi-skeletal branches are shortened, and short fruit branches up to 6 cm long with ring-shaped annual scars are systematically thinned out and rejuvenated.

Rowan chokeberry

​Ruby is one of the most juicy and delicious. The juice is squeezed out easily, like from a chokeberry. Dried berries resemble raisins.​

​By the way: Rowan wood is used for making furniture and decorative elements. The bark can be used as tanning raw material. Rowan fruits serve as food for birds and are good fodder for livestock.​

​OUR HELP​

Useful substances of rowan (red-fruited)

DESSERT

​Promising rowan varieties have been obtained that meet the requirements of intensive cultivation technologies. They are suitable for more compact planting, because... have moderate growth. This creates conditions for more successful fruit harvesting.​ ​Apply to open wounds and burns to disinfect and stimulate healing.​​Amino acids.​

• ​Rowan - tree or tree shrub, class Dicotyledons, family Rosaceae. The plant is unpretentious, grows freely both in the wild (in the second tier of forests) and in cultivated conditions. Main distribution areas: Eurasia, North Africa, America. Flower growers need to remember that rowan is not only a valuable fruit, but also highly ornamental plant. Some species and varieties, having good winter hardiness, are excellent for use in fruit and ornamental gardening in the northern regions of our country, where they have no equal in beauty.​
• ​Trees or shrubs with various leaf shapes, widely used in park construction. Rowan is very effective in autumn period, when the crown is decorated with colorful fruits, and the foliage is painted in yellow and crimson tones. It grows in different soils, but prefers rich nutrients. Benefits of rowan
• ​Michurinskaya dessert can perhaps really be called sweet. Low, sometimes even bushy, takes up little space on the site.​ ​Link

The decoration of any garden is rowan. Red berries, although they have a bitter taste, can be used for medicinal purposes.

Rowan Licker is one of the popular varieties that is valuable for the gardener and represents cultivated plant, bred as a result of successful crossing.

Mountain ash

Plant characteristics

Liqueur rowan appeared thanks to the efforts of I.V. Michurin, who crossed rowan with chokeberry. The result of his labor was a slender tree producing inky black fruits. It looks great both in the garden and in alley plantings.

The liqueur “beauty” grows up to 5 m, giving growth every year. Its leaves are dark green, odd-pinnate. Rowan also has beautiful inflorescences resembling corymbs and pale pink petals.

The plant is cold-resistant and tolerates frosts well. Rowan is quite unpretentious, so caring for it does not take much effort and time.

Features of berries:

• size –12–15 mm;
• the fruits are slightly tart, with a sweet taste;
• the pulp is very juicy;
• no bitterness;
• They make excellent jam, reminiscent of cherry;
• The berries can be used to make very tasty, bitter-free wine.

Liqueur rowan makes a healthy and tasty compote

It is also worth noting that you can prepare a compote from the fruits of Liqueur Rowan, which will differ in taste and big amount vitamins Ripe fruits contain malic acid, tannins and pectin, as well as copper, boron, manganese and vitamin P.

Planting stages

Since rowan is frost-resistant fruit tree, you can plant it in early spring or closer to autumn, without fear that it will encounter frost.

The optimal soil option is loam. The description says: it is best if the soil has a slightly acidic reaction so that the plants can develop normally.

It is unacceptable for the Liquor Representative to suffer from stagnant water or soil salinity. Both factors have a negative impact on the plant and can lead to a decrease in the viability of the tree. Rowan roots are located too close to the top layer of soil, so the tree trunk circles must be processed very carefully.

Rowan loves sunny places, so it is better to place it in the sun. A slight darkening will not frighten the Licker mountain ash; you can plant it there too. 4–5 years after planting, usually in mid-September the first fruits ripen. The yield is very high, so you can get a sufficient amount of juicy and ripe berries. The tree reaches a height of 4–5 m, having a sparse crown.

The fruits remain fresh for a month; it is necessary to pollinate the tree. The best pollinators will be Burka and varieties of Nevezhinsky mountain ash.

When planting rowan, you need to pay attention to the following subtleties:

• the planting hole should be up to 100 cm in diameter and 60 cm deep;
• Fertilizers must be applied (20–30 kg);
• you need to introduce a little superphosphate (500 g) and 250 g of potassium in fertilizers;
• you will need 1 kg of ash;
• if the soil is acidic, you need to add 500 g of lime;
• trees should be planted at a distance of 3–5 m from each other;
• To get a bountiful harvest, it is best to plant trees of different varieties.

Diseases

This tree is resilient, but weak spots available. First of all, it is prone to the formation of rot. This is due to the large amount of water. If you pour liquid, the Liqueur variety will certainly suffer and simply rot.

Rowan moth also has a negative effect on the plant. This insect can destroy young shoots and harm the tree. To avoid problems, it is necessary to spray with Actellik. It is advisable to do this 7–10 days before the flowers appear.

The plant can suffer from bacterial necrosis, brown spot, monilial blight, septoria and viral ring spot.

Other decorative varieties

There are other varieties of Michurin that gardeners often choose for themselves. These are Titan, Businka, Rubinovaya, Scarlet large, as well as white, yellow and orange varieties.

1. Titanium. Appeared as a result of the work of Michurin. It is a combination of rowan, pear and red-leaved apple. Externally, this is a tree up to 5 m, with straight shoots and brown bark. It has dark green leaves and snow-white petals. Slightly ribbed, with red skin, each fruit has yellow, slightly sour flesh. It can be used for any purpose, and can also be grown even in dry places, since Titan tolerates lack of moisture and cold well.
2. Bead. The author of this variety is T. Poplavskaya, who tried to restore the lost species of mountain ash from Michurin. Businka is one of the first varieties that does not have astringency, although the plant itself is only 3 m in height. Its leaves are light green in color and its shape is jagged. Large inflorescences are usually white. The fruits have round shape, cranberry flavor and creamy pulp. They ripen early and are not affected by frost, drought and disease.
3. Ruby. This variety is also the lost work of Michurin, which T. Poplavskaya tried to revive. Ruby rowan has a slight tartness and has the type of berries that are well used for liqueurs, juices, jellies, jelly, and wines. The tree has the average size, straight branches, as well as green leaves with pubescent petioles. Pinkish-white flowers give way to round, slightly flattened fruits. Yellow pulp and ruby-colored skin are the main features of the variety.
4. Scarlet is large. This variety also belongs to Michurin. A spectacular plant, it has large fruits weighing up to 2.5 g. Their juicy appearance and pleasantly sour taste allow the fruits to be used for table purposes. The tree itself is 5 m high, has a dense crown, as well as slightly pubescent straight shoots. Dark green leaves with beautiful flowers. A special feature of the variety is resistance to disease, as well as the ability to tolerate frosts - 50 ° C.
5. White, yellow, orange varieties. These types of rowan are not only suitable for consumption, but also decorate the garden well. Yellow rowan is ideal for jam and also serves as a filling for pies. Orange varieties are Ogonyok and Daughter Kubova. Ogonyok is interesting because it is a heat-resistant type of rowan and can withstand even the most severe drought. Kubova's Daughter is characterized by a juicy taste, without the slightest bitterness. As for rowan white variety, then it is not very suitable for food, since it has a bitter taste, this type of plant can create a pleasant color harmony in the garden.

Not only people love rowan very much

Conclusion

Exists big variety varieties, among which the Liqueur Representative is popular. Having found the right approach, caring for such a plant will not be difficult. It will decorate the garden and give a lot of positive moments.

The 20th century was marked by the widespread introduction into culture of many wild fruit and berry plants. Their active introduction into cultivation was dictated by the catastrophic decrease in the number of wild plants in nature, the difficulty of harvesting, low productivity, and besides, the breeders wanted to “correct” the quality of the fruits. Among the new crops in the garden was rowan.

The first to start creating rowan varieties with improved fruit quality was I.V. Michurin. He apparently knew about its flexibility when crossing with close and even distant relatives. Therefore, in working with her, I chose a very unusual path: crossing with each other not only different types rowan, but also crossing rowan with representatives, albeit related, but of other genera, for example, apple tree, pear tree, hawthorn, medlar. World practice has never seen such distant, purposeful hybridization. The result of this work was marked by the appearance of a whole galaxy of varieties with completely edible fruits.

Rowan varieties

Liquor(hybrid of rowan and chokeberry). A productive and winter-hardy variety with black fruits, but, unfortunately, apparently lost.

Burka(hybrid of sorbaronia with mountain ash). It is distinguished by its short stature, early fruiting - fruits appear in 2-3 years, easy propagation by green cuttings, winter hardiness and regular harvests. But the fruits, unfortunately, are of only mediocre taste; they are small, red-brown, and tart. Used for processing.

Grenade(a hybrid of rowan and blood-red hawthorn). I.V. Michurin wrote that it “... produces large fruits, the size of cherries, faceted in shape, pleasant sweet and sour taste, without bitterness.” The variety received its name “...for the very spectacular clusters of pomegranate-colored fruits.” The tree is winter-hardy, productive, and propagates well from green cuttings. This variety grew in my garden for a long time, and I made an unusual “savory” jam from it.

Michurinskaya dessert(hybrid of mountain ash with medlar). I.V. Michurin characterized its fruits as “...sweet taste, with a very slight bitterness of rowan, giving the fruits a unique, subtle, piquant taste.” But, alas, it is a tree with reduced winter hardiness.

Scarlet large– one of the most valuable varieties for intensive cultivation. It was bred by complex hybridization of rowan with Moravian and a mixture of pollen from different varieties of pears. The fruits are large, weighing 2.5–3 g, scarlet, very beautiful, reminiscent of cherries, juicy, sweet and sour, with a slight tartness. Tasting score – 3.0 points. They contain up to 23.5 mg% vitamin C, up to 1039 mg% P-active substances, 9–10 mg% carotene, 6.7 mg% iron, 13.8 mg% manganese. Ripening date is mid-September. Stored in controlled storage for up to 7 months. Variety for table and technical purposes.

Titanium. The variety comes from pollination of rowan with a common mixture of pear and apple pollen. Fruits weighing up to 2 g, intense dark cherry color, sweet and sour with a slight tartness. Tasting score – 3.7 points. They contain 31 mg% vitamin C, 930 mg% P-active substances, 10 mg% carotene. Ripen in mid-September. The variety is distinguished by its unusually long storage of fruits – up to 8–9 months.

Ruby. The variety was obtained by pollinating the common rowan with a mixture of pollen from different varieties of pear. The fruits weigh 1.3–1.4 g, dark ruby, wide-ribbed, sweet and sour, pleasant taste with a slight tartness. Tasting score – 3.7 points. They contain 22 mg% vitamin C, 1190 mg% P-active substances, 6.6 mg% carotene, 13 mg% manganese. Ripening period is the end of September. The fruits are recommended to be used dried as dried fruits for compotes.

In 1999, I.V. Michurin’s varieties Alaya large, Titan, and Rubinovaya were included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements without tolerance limits.

Followers of I.V. Michurin, following his scientific developments, created another group of new varieties. In addition, the sweet-fruited form of the common rowan, accidentally found in the 19th century in the forest of the Vladimir region and propagated by the people, came to the gardens and was zoned back in 1947. Nevezhinskaya(the name is given by its location - the village of Nevezhino) and another sweet-fruited form - from the Sudeten Mountains (Moravia) - Moravian (its taste is less interesting than that of Nevezhinskaya).

Nevezhinskaya rowan is often incorrectly called Nezhinskaya. This confusion is due to the fact that the once famous wine merchant Smirnov, wanting to hide from competitors the true place of procurement of raw materials for his products, called the tincture from Nevezhinskaya mountain ash prepared at his factories Nezhinskaya. Thus, he directed competitors to the city of Nezhin, Chernigov province, where there had never been any sweet-fruited rowan.

Nevezhinskaya rowan is quite edible fresh. It is prepared for future use in soaked and dried form. People's selection has created varieties of Nevezhinsky mountain ash: Kubovaya, Zheltaya, Krasnaya.

U Cubic rowan the fruits are orange-red, sweet and sour, weighing 0.5 g.

U Yellow rowan the fruits are about the same size, but orange-yellow.

U Red rowan the fruits are larger, bright red, and most importantly, sweeter. Trees of all varieties are winter-hardy, but, unfortunately, tall. Because of this, by the age of 15–20 years of their life, it becomes difficult to collect fruits. Therefore, regular reduction of the crown and pruning to external lateral branches is required. It can also be grown in a bush form, for which the annual plant is cut above the third (counting from the root collar) well-developed bud and then formed into a three-trunk bush.

Using Nevezhinskaya rowan and its varieties, several varieties were obtained and entered into the State Register at VNIIGiSPR (Michurinsk). The varieties Vefed and Angri originated from Nevezhinsky rowan.

Wefed. The fruits weigh 1.2–1.3 g, are orange-red, with a slight shine, sweet and sour, pleasant to the taste, and are distinguished by a complete absence of astringency and bitterness. Tasting score – 4.5 points. They contain 96 mg% vitamin C, up to 620 mg% P-active substances, 9–14 mg% carotene. Ripening date is mid-August. Variety for table and technical purposes.

Angri. The fruits weigh 1.3–1.5 g, red with a slight yellowish tint, juicy, pleasant sweet and sour taste, without astringency or bitterness. They contain 23.5 mg% vitamin C, 210 mg% P-active substances, 6.8 mg% carotene, 4.1 mg% iron, 13.8 mg% manganese. Ripening period: end of August – beginning of September. In a fruit storage facility with a controlled regime, fruits are stored for up to 1 month. It is used fresh, pureed with sugar and for making jam and marmalade.

From seedlings of the Nevezhinskaya rowan variety Kubovaya, the varieties Businka and Daughter Kubovaya were obtained.

Bead. Intensive type variety. The fruits weigh 1 g, are round, shiny, bright, ruby ​​red in color, the taste is sweet and sour with a predominance of acid, reminiscent of cranberries. Tasting score – 4 points. They contain 75 mg% vitamin C, up to 166 mg% P-active substances, 9.3 mg% carotene. Ripening period: end of August – beginning of September. In a fruit storage facility with a controlled regime, the fruits are stored until December. It is used for all types of processing; the fruits are especially valuable as an acidifier in the preparation of juices, jelly, and fruit drinks.

Daughter of Kubova (Sunny). The fruits weigh 1 g, are juicy, have a pleasant sweet and sour taste, without astringency or bitterness, bright orange in color with a slight reddish blush. Tasting score 4.5 points. They contain 101 mg% vitamin C, 163 mg% P-active substances, 13 mg% carotene. Ripening date is mid-August. In a fruit storage facility with a controlled regime, fruits are stored for up to 1 month. They are used fresh and for a wide variety of preparations.

A form was selected from Moravian rowan seedlings that became the Sorbinka variety.

Sorbinka. The fruits are large, up to 2.6 g, red, with yellowness and pronounced subcutaneous yellow dots, the taste is sour with a slightly bitter rowan aftertaste. They contain 114 mg% vitamin C, 690 mg% P-active substances, 7.8 mg% carotene. Ripening period is the end of August, storage duration is 1.5–2 months. Used fresh and for preparations. A notable feature of the variety is large corymbs with berries weighing up to 300 g.

The most delicious fruits are from the varieties Angri, Businka, Vefed, Rubinovaya, Sakharnaya Petrova. If the fruits of Rubinova are placed in a gauze bag under hot battery, then, as they wither, they become like raisins. Varieties also differ in yield. The most productive are Burka, Businka, Alaya large, in which at the age of 20 years the yield reaches 150 kg per tree, and each shield with fruits often weighs 400 g or more. The varieties do not begin to bear fruit at the same time - in the 3-4th year after planting the grafted seedling in the garden, Granatnaya and Burka begin to bear fruit, in the 6th year - Businka, Titan, Alaya Krupny, and the rest - in the 7th-8th year. It is important that the tree varieties are usually lower than the wild type of rowan, for example, the height of Granatnaya, Angri, Titan and Sorbinka is 3-3.5 m, that of Vefed is 2.5-3 m, and the Rubinovaya variety is generally of a dwarf type - 2 ,1-2.3 m. Daughter Kubova and Businka have vigorous trees - 6-7 m.

The fruits of most varieties of rowan are simply “in their pure form”, as we consume other gifts from the garden, until we eat much; they are more suitable for various preparations, which stand out for their originality and piquancy of taste. The varieties Titan, Scarlet Large and Burka are recommended for making juices, Businka and Sorbinka are for puree, Titan is also used for making seasonings, Angri is suitable for jam, marmalades, the fruits of this variety are good even when mashed with sugar. And, of course, you can make original jam from each variety.

New varieties are highly adaptive to unfavorable growing conditions (temperature changes, frost, drought), which largely determines their regular and abundant fruiting.

It is still rare to see varietal rowan in gardens. It’s a pity, because not only is it completely edible and more productive, but its fruits are also much more nutritious than wild ones. The fact is that the excessive bitterness of rowan is created by parasorbic acid, which is apparently toxic and causes a feverish state. The fruits of transformed, varietal rowan have less of this acid, which means they are safer. At the same time, the composition and amount of biologically active substances in the fruits of varietal rowan, although they vary by variety, are still quite high, close to the composition of the fruits of wild rowan.

It’s time for transformed, varietal rowan with increased taste and dietary qualities of the fruit to open its way into our gardens, especially in regions with risky and limited gardening. At the same time, saving the area of ​​the plot, you can plant 1-2 trees on it and at the same time create plantings for collective use of their harvest somewhere in nearby places inconvenient for farming (for example, the slopes of a ravine). But remember: although varietal rowan has just come from the forest, it is already a cultivated plant, which means it requires care.

Note. Biologically active substances are given in mg%. They can be converted to mg per 100 g of fruit.

Irina Isaeva,
Doctor of Agricultural Sciences
www.sad.ru.

Long years rowan assortment did not pay due attention, but to date, breeders have collected its extensive gene pool, on the basis of which new varieties and forms have been obtained, which have not yet been surpassed in many respects.

Scarlet large

A new variety for intensive cultivation, it is characterized by high winter hardiness (withstands temperatures down to -50 ° C) and annual abundant yield, and is prone to self-fertility. The tree is of moderate growth, the crown is spreading, rounded, the branches extend from the trunk at an obtuse angle. The leaves are quite large, odd-pinnate, dark green, shiny, the leaflets are broadly lanceolate, the stipules are large. Ripens in early September, the harvest can be stored in storage until February. The fruits weigh 2.3 - 2.5 g (sometimes more), are shaped like cherries, scarlet-red, 150 - 160 pcs. collected in very large scutes. They look impressive against a green background. Variety for table and technical purposes. The fruits are used to make jam, marmalade, fillings for sweets, and in combination with other products - various sauces. The variety is resistant to pests and diseases.

Angri

The variety is characterized by winter hardiness and high adaptive ability to other unfavorable growing conditions. The tree is of moderate growth and is highly translucent. The leaves are unpaired, sometimes pinnate, green, matte, the underside is lighter than the top. The leaves are lanceolate, with sharply serrated edges. The fruits ripen at the end of August, they are medium-sized (weighing 1.3 - 1.5 g), red, with a slight yellowish tint, collected in loose hanging shields. The taste is sweet and sour, pleasant, without a hint of astringency or bitterness. The fruits are used fresh and processed. The variety is resistant to diseases and pests.

Burka

A well-known form that meets the requirements of intensive culture. It has good winter hardiness and productivity. The tree is low-growing, with a small crown habit. The leaves are compound, odd-pinnate, with two or three pairs of leaflets, dark green, shiny. It begins to bear fruit two to three years after planting. The fruits ripen in September, stay well on the tree until frost, and are characterized by keeping quality. The weight of each fruit is about 1.1 - 1.4 g, they are dark brown, matte, sometimes shiny, collected in dense shields. The pulp is yellowish-reddish, sweet and sour, with a slight tartness. The juice is a beautiful red color. The fruits are used to make juices, compotes, and jam. This form is highly resistant to diseases and pests.

Bead

A new variety of intensive type, characterized by resistance to extreme growth factors and abundant yield. Tree of medium height. The leaves are compound, odd-pinnate, with seven to eight pairs of leaflets, the upper one has a characteristic dissection. It begins to bear fruit three to four years after planting. The harvest ripens in late August - early September. The fruits are small (weighing 1.1 - 1.2 g), smooth, bright red, shiny. The pulp is yellow, juicy, without the characteristic taste of bitterness and astringency. They can be used for making juices, jelly, and fruit drinks.

Wefed

A promising variety, characterized by high winter hardiness and abundant yield. Tree of medium or below average height. The leaves are compound, odd-pinnate, have up to eight pairs of leaflets, thin, light green, matte. The harvest ripens in the second half of August. The fruits at the time of picking are very elegant, yellow-pinkish, collected in semi-hanging shields. This is one of the best sweet-fruited varieties for table, dessert and universal purposes.

Grenade

A widespread variety characterized by winter hardiness. The tree is low, with a hemispherical crown, skeletal branches firmly fused with the trunk. The leaves are compound, odd-pinnate, medium-sized, dark green. The top leaf is larger than the rest. The fruits are large, dark red, with a bluish coating, sweet and sour, with astringency and a bitter taste. The juice is dark red. The fruits are used for all types of processing. The variety is resistant to diseases and pests.

Dessert

A well-known variety with a very early onset of fruiting, it is distinguished by winter hardiness and abundant annual fruiting (even on one-year-olds in the nursery). The tree is low-growing (1.8 - 2 m high), with a moderately spreading crown; depending on the method of formation, it can grow as a bush. The leaves are compound, odd-pinnate, with three to four pairs of leaflets, light green. The upper leaflet is larger than the rest, often dissected on one side, with a characteristic pointed shape. The harvest ripens in late July - early August and requires quick cleaning, since when overripe, marketability is lost. The fruits weigh 1.3 - 1.6 g, sometimes more, are onion-shaped, smooth, with five clearly defined edges, dark ruby, matte, collected in semi-hanging shields of medium density. The taste is sweet and sour, with a slight piquant tartness. In some years, the fruits are edible fresh, but it is better to dry them and use them to make compotes or fruit tea. The variety is resistant to diseases and pests.

Kubova's daughter (Sunny)

The new winter-hardy variety, resistant to air and soil droughts, is characterized by abundant annual yield. A tree of moderate growth, with a paniculate crown of medium height. The branches extend from the trunk at an angle close to straight. The leaves are compound, odd-pinnate, thin, light green, matte, with noticeable pubescence. The leaves are lanceolate, shortly pointed. The fruits have a regular oblong shape, a very beautiful bright orange color, with an original reddish blush. The pulp is bright yellow, very tender and juicy. The taste is rich, without astringency or bitterness; eating the fruit fresh causes a pleasant sensation. When processed, the juice and fruits mashed with sugar are especially tasty. The variety is resistant to pests and diseases,

Nevezhinskaya

This is a variety of mountain ash, available in many forms. It was discovered in the last century in the forest, near the village of Nevezhino, Vladimir province, and transferred to home gardens, where it began to be propagated by layering, grafting, and seeds (hence the large number of its varieties). Varieties of Nevezhinskaya rowan are also known: Kubovaya, Red, Zheltaya. The tree is large (5 - 6 m high) with a wide-rounded crown. The leaves are imparipinnate, with slight pubescence, the edges of the leaflets are half even, then finely toothed. It begins to bear fruit five to seven years after planting, producing especially abundant harvests by 35 to 45 years. However, at the age of 15 - 20 years, the trees reach great power, and harvesting becomes difficult. The frequency of fruiting is noted. The variety of forms especially affects morphological characteristics fruits So, in the Kubovaya variety they are orange-red, sweet and sour; in the Yellow variety - orange-yellow; the Red variety is somewhat larger, bright red, and sweeter. The fruits are suitable for processing.

Sorbinka

The new variety is distinguished by its wide adaptive ability, winter hardiness and large fruit. Tree of moderate growth. The leaves are large, odd-pinnate, located along the central vein at a considerable distance so that they do not touch each other. The leaves are lanceolate, their edges are one-third smooth, then very finely toothed. The harvest ripens in late August - early September. The fruits are large (weighing 2 - 2.4 g), round, sometimes slightly truncated towards the calyx, scarlet-red in color, with a barely noticeable yellowish tint, often with small subcutaneous dots. Collected in large hanging shields. The pulp is yellow, tender, juicy. The taste is sweetish-sour, pleasant, without astringency or bitterness. The fruits are suitable for fresh consumption and processing. The variety is resistant to diseases and pests.

Titanium

One of the most reliable rowan varieties for cultivation using environmentally friendly agricultural technology. Resistant to various adverse environmental factors. Characterized by abundant annual yields. A tree of moderate growth, with a hemispherical, moderately loose, highly translucent crown. The leaves are compound, odd-pinnate, dark green, shiny, with four to five pairs of leaflets (the upper one is twice as large as the lateral ones). Fruiting begins three to four years after planting in the garden (or earlier). The harvest ripens in mid-September. The fruits are very large (weighing 1.9 - 2 g), dark cherry, with a bluish bloom when fully ripe, attractive, collected in round or triangular shields. The pulp is intense yellow, the skin is pinkish, juicy. The taste is sweet and sour, with a slight tartness. The fruits are used fresh and for processing. The variety is very resistant to diseases and pests.

More than a hundred species of mountain ash are known, and about a third of them can be seen in Russia. Breeders have bred many promising varieties, differing in color, size and shape of the fruit.

Types and varieties of rowan

There are two known subgenera of this useful plant - they differ in the shape of the leaves. Representatives of the present subgenus are of greatest interest. It was they who gave rise to varieties of garden rowan and it is their fruits that have nutritional and medicinal value. The second subgenus underlies the decorative varieties.

The tallest category includes the beautiful rowan, Finnish, and bereka (up to 15 m in height). A little lower (up to 10 m) Kamchatka and Aria rowan trees grow. Japanese, English and ordinary mountain ash are considered medium-sized (about 6 m in height). Low and dwarf growth (1-3 m) is characteristic of the elderberry and Tien Shan species.

The shape of the crown also differs: it can be openwork, ovoid, spherical, pyramidal (squat, English, Tien Shan and Kamchatka rowan, respectively).

The most unusual leaves of the Kene rowan, Kamchatka and bicolor. The color of the fruit varies from white and light red to yellowish-brown and black (Kene rowan, Kamchatka, bereki and chokeberry, respectively). Bicolor rowan fruits combine three colors: orange, red and cream.

Ripening dates for rowan varieties

Berry harvest edible varieties Rowan berries are harvested in August-September. It takes 75-90 days to reach technical maturity. The rate of ripening directly depends on weather conditions and the growing region.

Sweet-fruited rowan: varieties

Sweet rowan varieties are in constant demand. The fruits are not only healthy, but also tasty. The lack of specific astringency makes the taste dessert-like. Best Features have varieties:

Michurinskaya dessert
Sorbinka
Kubova's daughter
Wefed
Pomegranate
Bead
Burka
Scarlet large

Description of the Michurinskaya dessert variety

Plants of this variety are short in stature. The fruits are dark red, large, almost without bitterness, very sweet. They are ideal for making compotes, jams and other sweets. The fruits can be eaten fresh. This variety is a hybrid with medlar.

Varieties of chokeberry

Breeders are working on the development of chokeberry different countries peace. The Aron variety was bred in Denmark, Dabrovitsa, Kutno and Egerta in Poland, Belder and Hakkia in Finland. We know such varieties as Rubina, Chernookaya, Nero, Erekta.

Description of the variety Nero

This variety produces delicious berries and is also a real decoration for the garden plot. At the base of the bush, the shoots begin to branch, and the shape of the crown resembles a vase. The height of the plant does not exceed two meters. White flowers have red stamens, which adds decorativeness. The dark green color of the leaves changes to yellow in autumn. The variety is quite unpretentious - resistant to light shading and frost.

Varieties of red rowan

There are many varieties of red rowan and each of them is interesting. The Likernaya (Russian) variety, for example, appeared as a result of crossing chokeberry and forest rowan. Other popular varieties:

Grenade
Bead
Nevezhinskaya
Ruby
Burka
Scarlet large
Titanium
Dessert

Description of the Titan variety

Trees of this variety are low-growing (2-3 m), productive, and early-bearing. The plants form large clusters of raspberry-red berries that taste quite sweet.

Most varieties are self-sterile - different varieties need to be planted on the site for cross-pollination to occur.

Hybrid varieties of rowan

Several interspecific hybrids of rowan with chokeberry, pear, serviceberry, hawthorn, and apple tree are grown in culture (Sorbaronia, Sorbapyrus, Amelosorbus, Krategosorbuz, Malosorbus).

Hybrid varieties are popular:

Liquor
Michurinskaya dessert
Burka
Grenade

Description of the variety Granatnaya

The variety combines the advantages of rowan and hawthorn. The plant is low, winter-hardy, and very decorative. The fruits are burgundy and large – they are similar in size to cherries. The taste is sweet and sour, the yield is high.

Decorative varieties of rowan

Many varieties of rowan look very beautiful in the garden. Plants with unusual berry colors and beautiful clusters are of great interest. The Wefed variety, for example, forms almost spherical clusters, and the berries are diamond-shaped. The orange and ruby ​​fruits look beautiful against the rich green foliage. The Solnechnaya variety differs from others in its two-color berries - there is a cherry blush on an orange background. The berries of the Burka variety have a bluish color, giving a tint of purple, brown, red, and cherry shades. The Beauty variety has unusual elongated fruits. They are painted bright orange. The pyramidal crown also supports its decorative beauty.

Rowan varieties for the Moscow region and the middle zone

The best varieties of rowan for the Moscow region and central Russia are:

Liquor
Moravian
Dessert Michurina
Grenade
Wefed
Scarlet large
Bead

Description of the Moravian variety

The plant of this variety has a pyramidal crown. The ellipsoidal berries are raspberry-colored. They are very sweet, with a slight note of acidity, without the specific rowan astringency.

Rowan varieties for Siberia

The following varieties are suitable for the harsh Siberian climate:

Moravian
Bead
Burka
Nevezhinskaya
Grenade
Titanium
Dessert
Scarlet large
Sorbinka

The Nevezhinskaya variety tolerates winter conditions most easily - the rest can freeze in winter (if the planting is located in a lowland). To prevent plants from dying in winter, it is recommended to graft sweet-fruited varieties onto the crown of Nevezhinskaya.

Description of the Nevezhinskaya variety

This variety tolerates frost well - the flowers can withstand temperatures as low as -2.5°C. The downside is that such rowan does not tolerate shading. The fruits are bright orange, small, quite sour and tart. After frost, the taste of the fruit improves.

The best varieties of rowan can be purchased at nurseries. It is very important to choose undamaged seedlings - otherwise you will simply throw money away.