Simple smoke generator designs for smoking. Smoke generator for smoking, made by yourself from a pipe

The manual potato planter is designed for sowing potatoes on small and medium-sized personal plots. A potato planter for a walk-behind tractor is a universal agricultural device, easy to use in large agricultural fields and small planting areas. In the article we will tell you how to make a potato planter with your own hands, we will give detailed instructions and drawing.

Potato planter - an agrotechnical tool used for sowing planting material potatoes. The potato planter is divided into two types:

1. manual potato planter;
2. potato planter for walk-behind tractor, mini-tractor.

Potato planter: main agrotechnical advantages

Potato planters, unlike traditional way planting potatoes has a large list of advantages and disadvantages:

• no physical effort required;
• facilitates the sowing procedure;
• evenly distributes tubers into planting holes;
• distributes the seed to the same depth;
• does not require special skills or additional training;
• high performance;
• maintainability;
• long service life;
• affordability.

Manual potato planter: operating principle and its main elements

A manual potato planter is a great helper when planting potatoes on small areas. Can be purchased at finished form in specialized stores, as well as create it yourself. Let's consider detailed drawing manual potato planter:

Let's take a closer look at the operating principle of a manual planter:

1. The planting material is placed in a receiving container, the potato planter is placed on the soil surface and the tip (blade) is buried into the soil by pressing the limiter bar with the foot.
2. Next, without removing your feet from the stop bar, holding the handle with a slight movement, tilt the tool away from you. This creates free space for the receiving container. Then the cutting is returned to its original position.
3. Without removing the cutting from the soil, we activate the movable handle, which will open the receiving container, from which the planting tuber will fall into the soil.
4. Next, the leg is removed from the thrust bar and the cutting is removed from the soil with an open container. If the collection container becomes clogged with soil, it can be removed using the movable handle using an up and down motion.

Tip #1.A homemade potato planter should be used on treated soil, which will allow the device to distribute the potatoes evenly, without physical effort.

Step-by-step instructions for making a manual potato planter

Creating a hand-held device is not difficult if you understand the drawing presented above well. The drawing shows that the main part of the structure is presented in the form of a cutting from metal pipe with a diameter of 10 cm and a length of no more than 1 m 20 cm. The remaining elements are fixed on the handle in the following order:

1. At one end of the pipe (handle) a metal blade and a limiter bar are attached by welding. The limiter bar simultaneously serves as a stop for the power leg and as a depth limiter for planting material. Optimal length the bars are no more than 20 cm. A strong metal pad is attached under the bar, which helps to withstand any forceful pressure from the foot on the bar. Instead of a metal blade (blade), you can cut the bottom of the pipe (cutting) so that a pointed end is formed that will easily enter the soil.
2. The receiving container is fixed to outside blades using two bolts. Next, a bracket is fixed to the receiving container, and a pusher rod is connected to it.
3. The other end of the handle is equipped with a handle-holder, a mechanized movable handle is installed under it, then a coupling that will activate the push rod, which, in turn, will control the bracket. The coordinated activity of all installed parts will ensure the smooth release of the tuber from the receiving container.

Automatic potato planter for walk-behind tractor: technical features and key blocks of the device

A potato planter for a walk-behind tractor is a small cart on wheels. The technical design of the potato planter is quite simple, however this device has its own technical features presented in the table:

The potato planter must necessarily correspond to the size of the walk-behind tractor. Therefore, before you start designing a potato planter, you should carefully calculate the dimensions in accordance with the brand of walk-behind tractor.

• The design of a potato planter for a walk-behind tractor consists of several main key blocks:
• A high-strength frame made of metal channels on which all elements of the device are located.
• A bunker is a container that is filled with planting tubers.
• The mechanism responsible for the procedure for planting potatoes in planting holes.
• Rippers, which are responsible for the process of digging planting holes.
• Wheelbase for moving the unit and forming rows.

Auxiliary elements - a plow, a seeder, and a hiller - are used to immerse potato tubers in the soil.

Operating principle and main advantages of a mechanical potato planter

A mechanical potato planter for a walk-behind tractor is equipped with a small plow that forms furrows. Using a seeder, potato tubers are distributed in the soil at a given distance. The hiller loosens and covers the tubers with soil. The potato planter can be equipped with an additional hopper, which will serve as a fertilizer dispenser.

A ready-made dispenser can be purchased in specialized stores. Dispenser performance: applies 20 g of fertilizer at each planting step. The joint activity of a mechanized planter and a dispenser qualitatively increases the yield.

High performance

Drawing and step-by-step instructions for assembling a potato planter for a walk-behind tractor You can construct a potato planter with your own hands, which will avoid financial costs. Below we look at the drawing and step by step instructions

Step-by-step instructions for assembling a potato planter are drawn up in accordance with the drawing presented above. Dimensions and dimensions will depend on the walk-behind tractor.

1. The frame is the basis for the potato planter, which is made of special steel channels. Optimal size steel profiles - 8U or 8P, which differ in the thickness of the side edges. Optimal width channel 80 mm, thickness 4.5 mm, which will allow it to support the bunker and other components of the unit. The frame consists of 3 transverse pieces of channel and 2 longitudinal spars, which will serve as the main structural element. The structure can be strengthened using two metal profiles. A bracket and a potato bin are attached to the profiles by welding.
2. Installation of the arch and fork. An arch and a fork are welded to the front part of the longitudinal side members, to which a special mount is fixed to the central link.
3. The side parts of the structure are equipped with racks on which special disks are installed, which are responsible for immersing the planting material into the soil. Discs can be taken from any seeder. Such discs require the installation of another bearing. So, sealing disks must have two bearings.
4. A hopper made of pressed plywood is installed on the finished frame. In the manufacture of the bunker, plywood is used, the thickness of which is no more than 1-2cm. The volume of the bunker is 18-20 kg. For the bunker, parts are cut to size; all parts should be treated with drying oil. The parts are fastened together using steel angles. The assembled bunker is coated with waterproof paint. The bottom is lined rubber gasket, which will prevent any damage to the potatoes.
5. The wheelbase is attached to the bottom of the frame. Each wheel must be equipped with special lugs.
6. The rippers are also attached to the bottom of the frame using steel rods by welding.
7. The sower is pre-made from steel pipe. The diameter of the steel pipe is at least 10-15 cm. A furrow cutter made of heavy-duty metal is welded to the bottom of the pipe.
8. The seat and footrest are attached to the frame. The seat structure consists of corners welded together.

Tip #2. The potato planter can be equipped with an additional metal hopper for fertilizers and an additional compartment for planting tubers.

Top best domestic potato planters of the Neva brand for a walk-behind tractor

Today, domestic potato planters of the Neva brand are widely used. Let's look at each of them in more detail:

Each of the above domestic planters has its own pros and cons. Before you make your choice specific model, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the table, which indicates the main advantages and disadvantages of the methods.

Mistakes when creating a potato planter

Agricultural technicians have identified several common mistakes when creating a potato planter with your own hands:

1. Used for channel frames, the thickness of which does not meet the technical parameters.
2. When creating a manual potato planter, the limiter bar is set too high, which leads to deep planting of potato tubers.
3. When creating a potato planter for a walk-behind tractor, the closing discs located on the sides are equipped with one bearing each, which reduces the quality of work and the service life of the discs.

Frequently asked questions from summer residents

Question No. 1. What is the optimal volume of a loading hopper for planting potatoes in a small area?

The volume of the bunker depends on the power of the walk-behind tractor. On average, the volume of a bunker for small areas is no more than 30 liters.

Question No. 2. Which domestic brand of potato planter has a low cost?

The price range varies by model and region. Within Moscow, the cost of the domestic brand “Neva KS-1A” is from 14,000 to 15,000 rubles, in other regions the price does not exceed 14,000 rubles.

Question No. 3. When choosing a potato planter, what parameters should you pay attention to?

The weight and dimensions of the planter should be taken into account, since large weight and dimensions affect the control of the equipment, as well as the speed of planting potatoes.

Question No. 4. How do potato planters differ from each other besides the dimensions and volume of the hopper?

Potato planters are different additional details, can be equipped with a height regulator, which allows you to independently set and fix the height of the planter. They can also have an automated section into which excess potatoes fall and are automatically sent back to the bunker.

The potato planter is in demand in the agricultural sector: it is used for row planting of calibrated tubers. The technique, in addition to planting potatoes, treats tubers and is suitable for application to the soil mineral fertilizers .

The most popular are semi-mounted multi-row units that are compatible with tractor equipment.

Acceptable Specifications

Before deciding which potato planter to choose, you should familiarize yourself with its technical characteristics:

1. Travel speed is 5-8 km/h.
2. Working width - 360 cm.
3. Planting depth - 150 mm.
4. Planting density - 70 pcs./ha.
5. Row spacing is 0.7-0.9 mm.

It is also necessary to take into account the dose of application and the depth of placement of mineral fertilizers. You should choose equipment with a large potato bunker, preferably at least 2.5 tons. Containers for fertilizers are needed with a capacity of at least 400 liters.

Varieties of potato planters

There are several types of planters; the main classification criterion is the tuber feeding mechanism. Conventionally, units can be divided into 5 types:

• Planting spoon apparatus— it is supposed to extract seed material from the hopper
  using spoons mounted on belts.
• Flat shaft planters- horizontal belts are used to feed the tubers, they are located at a V-shaped angle, due to which the potatoes line up.
• Feeding using shaped belts— the device is identical in design to flat-belt units, with the exception of the use of a different type of belt, shaped like spoons.
  The equipment works only with the participation of the operator, and if the tubers have sprouted, they will not be damaged during planting.

• Multi-belt feed— the unit simultaneously plants 2 rows of potatoes, with 28 belts allocated to each of them, thanks to which it is possible to form a trench that ensures the linear arrangement of planting material.
  The central belts form the planting system, and the rest ensure the supply of potatoes.
• Planting pricking devices- used when planting cut tubers.

French planters

In addition to the above examples, there are several more landing machines, in particular French planter. Apparatus designed specifically for sprouted potatoes, its main structural element is a conveyor belt necessary for feeding tubers into the hopper.

The bunker bottom is equipped with articulated plates necessary for fixing the tubers and controlling the conveyor.

Once in the hopper, the potatoes are redirected to a bottom feed belt that has a Y-shaped chute. Thanks to the translational and reciprocal movements and the presence of a cylindrical brush, the fed tubers are arranged in a row.

Sliding off the conveyor, the tubers end up on a fork plate secured with hinges. It tips over under the weight of the potatoes and causes the clutch to open, thereby stopping the line. After this, the seed material is picked up by a wheel with spoons and planted in the soil.

Potato planters with spoon feeding of seed material

There are several types of such agricultural machinery.

Spoon units are considered the most effective, suitable for planting all varieties of potatoes and simultaneously forming ridges, as well as introducing insecticides into the soil.

This technique has the following advantages:

• An anchor with a floating structure (this guarantees that the tubers will fall out of the spoon).
• Automatic ridge formation.
• The landing sections are equipped with a hydraulic or mechanical drive.
• Wide row spacing (better formation of tubers is ensured, the risk of sheets closing is reduced).
• Spoon feeding of tubers (the number of doubles and omissions is reduced).
• Low drop height of planting material (guaranteed accurate and uniform distribution tubers).

The potato planter must be equipped with additional equipment, thanks to which it becomes possible implementation various operations, such as applying fertilizers, insecticides, forming ridges. Inserts for spoons are provided, allowing you to plant tubers of different sizes.

Finger seed feed system

Units with finger feed deserve special attention. In this case, it is assumed that the tubers will be picked up by metal fingers onto the soil. The planter has the following design:

1. Flat belt conveyor.
2. A plate secured with hinges.
3. Fork plate.
4. Cylindrical brush.
5. Conveyor.
6. Wheel with spoons.

A mechanism is also provided that provides forward-return transverse vibrations of the conveyor. The principle of operation is extremely simple: potatoes are picked up by special fingers, which are connected to a disk that has opening and closing means cam mechanism holes.

Automatic potato planters

Agricultural machinery can be automatic and semi-automatic.

The main element automated system is a hopper from where the seeds are fed to the conveyor. The line is equipped with several rows of spoons and shaking devices that can be adjusted to ensure a good grip.

A distinctive feature of such units is the spoon channel, into which seeds of any shape can fit.

The precise central placement of the seeds is ensured by the wedge-shaped coulter. A wide variety of row shapes are possible thanks to adjustable discs designed to close the furrow. The distance between rows and seeds is set using a gearbox.

Automated systems come in several types (for example, trailed or mounted). They are additionally equipped with a hydraulic drive and lowering hoppers.

Semi-automatic agricultural implements

Semi-automatic systems are used for planting standard and germinated seeds, and the tubers can be cut or whole.

The unit is equipped with a revolving planting apparatus, which consists of a cellular drum.

The seed material is supplied manually by the operator. The design also includes a coulter necessary for opening the furrows. A disk is mounted behind the unit, which is necessary for forming the ridge.

Double-row trailed agricultural machinery

The most popular among farmers is the two-row potato planter. The machine consists of the following main structural elements:

• Frame.
• Bunker.
• Ripper.
• Closing disc.
• Support wheel.

Since the technique is semi-automatic, then the work is carried out by a sower, for which there is a seat with a seatpost and a support, there are also footrests and stepladders.

Principle of operation potato planter for walk-behind tractor It’s not complicated: you need to pour seed into the hopper and engage the first gear of the mini-tractor to which the machine is attached.

Special devices for making furrows must be installed in advance to the required depth. Potatoes will be delivered to the furrow via a seed tube.

Attention! The distance between the tubers depends solely on the speed at which the tractor moves; it should not be more than 1 km/h.

Tubers that fall into the soil must be covered with soil. This is where the closing discs, positioned at an angle relative to the furrows, come into play. Starting to rotate, they shift the soil layer through friction with the soil layer, thereby covering the potatoes.

Closing discs have interesting design features. If you loosen the stepladders necessary to press the supports to the posts, you will be able to change the level of penetration of the disks into the soil layer, as well as the angle of attack. This can be done by rotating the racks around their axis.

A third type of adjustment is also provided; in particular, it is possible to move the disks to one side along the axes of rotation. This can be done by using adjusting bushings (there are 4 units on each axle). It is necessary to rearrange the bushings, changing the working width.

If you make proper adjustments, focusing on the structure of the soil, the discs will function perfectly.

However, the work of the planter is not limited to laying tubers: it is supposed to perform another operation related to the elimination of marks from tractor wheels. They can be removed using a ripper, which is cultivated paws located on stands.

It is necessary to ensure that the paws are deepened into the soil layer, which is adjusted by moving the racks in a vertical plane and then fixing them with through fingers in special clips.

Such equipment will not be able to carry out the sowing campaign on its own; it is necessary to use mini-tractors. The model is not so important, the main thing is that the unit is equipped with a UD-2 engine.

It is also necessary to equip the machine with ballast weights and counterweights attached to the rear wheels, without which the tractor may lose stability.

It is necessary to choose a planter based on several factors, for example, the type of planting material, the nature of the soil, and the amount of work.

you can find out which model of mini-tractor would be suitable for your dacha.

This technique is very effective and significantly simplifies the work of farmers, saving a lot of time and reducing labor costs. It is important to know the operating principle of the equipment in order to use it correctly.

You can learn how to properly assemble and set up a potato planter from the following video:

Artem Shavelsky

A A To treat friends with smoked meats homemade , a smokehouse is needed - for it use a smoke generator. This article talks about different types smoke generators for cold smoking with drawings and dimensions.

Smoke generator device

There are two main types of preparation of smoked products:

1. Hot, at a smoke temperature of 50-130°C. This process lasts from 20 minutes to 1 hour.
2. Cold, at temperatures up to 50°C. The preparation time can reach several days. During this time, pets may try to steal food if the smokehouse does not close tightly. To avoid this, fences and barriers are used.

Once upon a time, for smoking, food was hung over a fireplace that was heated with wood. the main problem classic way smoking - the need for constant monitoring and high consumption firewood

The figure shows a diagram of a cold smoking installation with a hearth and chimney in the ground

Nowadays, instead of a fireplace, a smoke generator is used - a device that produces smoke and supplies it to the smoking chamber. The taste of smoked meats depends on its temperature and composition.

The main advantage of a smoke generator for a smokehouse is that it is able to operate with minimal control and use wood chips and sawdust to generate smoke.

How to use a smoke generator

Any smokehouse consists of two functional parts - a smoke generator and a chamber for food. In the most simple devices for hot smoking, made from a barrel or a large pan, these components are located in a common body.

Wooden sawdust or chips, preferably fruit wood, are placed in the smoke generator. The sawdust is ignited or external heating is turned on. The smoke released by natural draft or with the help of a compressor enters the smoking chamber.

By changing the heating, the amount of incoming air or in another way, depending on the design of the correct smoke generator, we achieve required quantity and smoke temperature.

A private house or cottage has everything the necessary conditions to install the device - a porch and a canopy so that rain does not interfere with the process, or, at worst, a roof and good roof, where you can also install a smoking cabinet. If smoking will take place in an apartment (most often in the kitchen), you need to provide for the smoke to escape through a pipe into the hood and close the doors and windows so that the smoke does not spread throughout the rooms.

Design and operation of a smoke generator

The picture shows simplest scheme smoke generator:

The figure shows the simplest diagram of a smoke generator

The job of a smoke machine is to produce smoke and supply it to the products being smoked. To do this, wood chips are placed on the grate and set on fire, and the compressor transfers air to the smokehouse.

The amount of smoke depends on the properties of the wood on which the smoke generator operates, the air draft through the blower and the pressure and performance of the compressor.

How does a classic smoke generator work?

The principle of operation of the smoke generator is simple:

1. before starting work, sawdust is placed inside the housing and set on fire;
2. for better combustion and supply of smoke, air is supplied to the combustion chamber using a compressor;
3. smoldering sawdust emit smoke, which passes through the smoke pipe into the smokehouse;
4. passing through the pipe, the smoke cools to the required temperature, to control which a thermometer is installed at the end of the pipe or in the smoking chamber.

Types of smoke generators

Despite the fact that most devices are designed according to the same principle, there are many varieties of smoke generator designs.

Drawing of a cold smoked spiral smoke generator

The spiral smoke smoking machine is distinguished by the design of the smoke tube. This system is used to cool the smoke. Inside the chimney there is a structure reminiscent of an Archimedes screw, or a meat grinder worm. This lengthens the path of smoke from the generator to the smokehouse, which helps to cool it.

Diagram of a smoke generator with a condensate collector

In addition to the aromatic substances themselves, the smoke contains moisture. Getting into the smoking chamber with it, it moistens the products and accumulates at the bottom, and, flowing back, moistens the sawdust. You can get rid of condensation by adding a condensate collector to the smoke generator device.

In a device with this addition, the chimney bends so that the middle part is lower than the beginning and end of the pipe. A tee is installed in this place, onto which a plastic or rubber tube is placed. Through it, the condensate flows into a glass bottle or plastic bottle.

Conventional generators require a compressor and a condensate collector. But there is a design that allows you to do without these parts. This is a passive smoke generator.

The main element of a passive generator is a rectangular box, the dimensions of which are smaller than the combustion chamber. In this box, partitions are arranged in a snake pattern so that the distance between them is 4-6 cm. For air access, the smoke generator structure is made of perforated metal.

A passive labyrinth type generator works as follows:

1. sawdust is poured into the formed grooves at 3/4 of the height and lightly compacted;
2. compacted sawdust is set on fire at one end of the snake;
3. a box with smoldering sawdust is installed in the combustion chamber.

The labyrinth filled with sawdust provides up to 10 hours of combustion.

Important! After work, all holes must be cleared of ash.

Smoke generator "snail"

The spiral-shaped smoke generator is similar in design and operating principle to a labyrinth one. The difference is in the rounded shape of the moves. This design is installed in a round combustion chamber.

The figure shows a diagram of a snail smoke generator

Industrial smoke generator for cold smoking

An industrial smoke generator is more complex than a household one and is designed for continuous operation.

It consists of a wood hopper, a feeding mechanism, a heating element and other parts.

Industrial units allow you to regulate a large number of parameters:

• temperature in the smokehouse;
• humidity;
• smoke density;
• cooking time.

The electrical installation consists of the following parts:

• housings;
• containers for wood chips;
• electric motor;
• auger for feeding sawdust;
• heating element;

Smoke is generated when wood chips hit the heating element. The feed mechanism consists of a hopper, a screw (Archimedes screw) and an electric motor with a gearbox that rotates this screw.

When the screw rotates, the wood chips fall onto the heating element, heated to a temperature of 250-300°C, and heat up until it emits smoke. Ash from burnt wood chips falls down into the ash pit.

This design is a simplified version of an industrial smoke generator.

Operating principle of an electric cold smoked smoke generator

Mini smoke generator (travelling)

To smoke freshly caught fish, a smoke generator can be made from a cauldron, iron barrel and other available materials:

1. Chips, sawdust and small twigs are placed at the bottom of the pot. The bark from the branches must be cleaned.
2. Closer to the upper container, a grate is installed on which meat or fish is placed. Instead, you can turn the lid upside down and tie the food to the handle.
3. The cauldron is closed with a lid and placed over a small fire.

Advice! The grate with food can be folded for ease of transportation.

The device of a camping smoke generator

Differences in smoke intake

After the start of operation, the air flow from the compressor is mixed with smoke and enters the smoking chamber. This unit is called an ejector.

The ejector can be located either at the top of the smoke generator, above the wood chips, or at the bottom, near the combustion zone.

Device and design of the device with a lower ejector location

A device with smoke intake from the bottom works well with small dimensions and a small smoking chamber.

In other cases, this design has a number of disadvantages:

• the direction of the air flow does not coincide with the draft, which worsens the combustion process;
• the large camera often goes out, and the small one has a limited time of continuous operation;
• smoke enters the chimney directly from the combustion zone, which increases its temperature;
• The chimney pipe must be protected from sawdust getting into it.

The design with upper smoke extraction is free from these shortcomings.

Design and design of an apparatus with an overhead ejector

The ejector, located in the upper part of the housing at a distance of several centimeters from the lid, takes smoke from the upper part of the combustion chamber. This design has many advantages:

• smoke has more low temperature, which simplifies the process of cold smoking;
• the direction of natural draft coincides with the movement of smoke, which ensures more stable combustion even when the compressor is temporarily turned off;

Device with ejector located on top

Self-assembly

There are many factory-made models on sale, but if you have the skills to work with metal, you can make a smoke generator for cold smoking with your own hands according to our drawings.

The production of one of the structures using available materials is shown in the video below (Kamchatsky smoke generator):

Fan design

The most common model for DIY creation is a device with a fan. A drawing of a smoke generator for a smokehouse with a fan is shown below.

To make a smoke generator for smoking with your own hands according to the drawing above, you need:

• For the body you need a square 100x100 mm or round ∅100 mm pipe 0.8 m long. Dimensions are approximate.
• A piece of 3/4-1.5″ water pipe with thread and nuts of the appropriate diameter for the chimney. For hot smoking, the length of the chimney is 30-50 cm; for cold smoking, a metal hose is put on the end of the chimney or it is extended to the required length. It is selected through experience.
• Low power electric fan. You can take an aquarium compressor.
• Small diameter rubber and steel tubes. Needed to connect the fan to the case.

To make a smoke generator for a smokehouse, the following procedure is necessary:

1. The bottom and lid are made for the body. These parts must have sides that fit tightly onto the pipe and prevent ash from below and smoke from above from escaping.
2. In the body itself, just above the sides, several holes ∅6-10 mm are drilled to supply air to the combustion zone. If traction is poor, their number can be increased.
3. A hole for the chimney is drilled at a distance of 5 cm from the top. It is secured with two nuts or electric welding.
4. On the side opposite the chimney, a hole is drilled for a thin tube through which air is supplied. Inside the housing it should be directed towards the chimney, but not into it. In this case, the air from the fan is mixed with smoke and enters the smoking chamber.

To make a cold smoked smoke generator with your own hands, you can draw drawings with dimensions yourself using the examples above.

This design can be made from other materials, and can also be optionally supplemented with a condensate trap, cooler and other accessories.

Housing parts simple generator You can make your own smoke for cold smoking from a three-liter enameled or stainless steel can.

Important! An aluminum can will burn out immediately, so this material is not suitable.

The walls of this container are thin, so the chimney with the injector is attached to the top, and at a height of 2-3 cm from the bottom, 3-4 holes ∅6 mm are drilled for air intake.

A compressor is connected to the injector on one side with a thin rubber or PVC tube, and on the other side a chimney made of a metal corrugated pipe is connected.

The process of making a smoke generator with your own hands from a can

How to make a smoke generator from a gas cylinder

The design of this device resembles a “potbelly stove”.

Step-by-step instructions for creating a smoke generator from a gas cylinder include the following points:

1. Release remaining gas.
2. Constantly pouring water on the faucet, cut it off hand hacksaw. If the cylinder contains carbon dioxide or oxygen, then you can use an angle grinder.
3. Weld the legs to the cylinder. This is necessary for sustainability.
4. Cut two doors with a gas cutter or grinder. One at the bottom, measuring 10x10 cm, will be the blower. The second from the top, 1/3 the width of the circumference of the cylinder, and the height of its diameter. A grate will be installed through it and wood chips will be loaded.
5. Make doors from cut out pieces of walls. Secure them on the hinges.
6. At a height of 1-2 cm above the blower, weld 4 M20 nuts inside. The grate is laid on them.
7. Make a grate from steel rods ∅10 mm or a steel circle 10 mm thick. Place the grille on the nuts.
8. Instead of the cut valve, weld a piece of threaded pipe. Its length is 5-7 cm and diameter is 25-40 mm.
9. The ejector is screwed onto the thread. A compressor is connected to it on one side, and a chimney on the other.

Instructions for assembling a smoke generator from a gas cylinder

Design of a smoke generator with a cooler (cooler)

The cold smoking process requires smoke with a temperature of no higher than 50°C, and it comes out of the generator much hotter. To cool it, you can extend the chimney or install a cooler.

The principle of operation of a device with a cooler is based on increasing the time it takes for smoke to move to the smoking chamber. To do this, an additional capacitance is installed between the generator and the chamber.

Advice! When the smoke cools, condensate is released from it, so it is necessary to install a condensate collector at the lowest point of the cooler.

Do-it-yourself labyrinth-type smoke generator

The main difference between a labyrinth smoke generator is the presence of a container for sawdust. To make such a unit with your own hands, you need a steel mesh or fine-mesh grid:

1. a square is cut 50 mm smaller than the base of the unit;
2. Strips 5 cm wide are cut from the same mesh;
3. paths 4-6 cm wide are marked on the base;
4. The strips are secured to the base by electric welding.

The operating diagram is shown in the figure above

Advice! Sawdust should be taken as small as possible, after a circular saw.

Friction smoke generator assembly diagram

Most smoke generating devices operate on the combustion principle. wood sawdust and wood chips. But there are devices in which smoke is produced by rubbing a wooden block against a steel pulley.

The pulley is located on the shaft of an electric motor with a power of 2-4 kW and 1400 rpm. It is made of textolite with a steel frame. For cooling, inclined holes are drilled in the PCB.

It is pressed against the pulley using a clamping device. wooden block. This device can be weighted, and the force is regulated by its value, or spring-loaded, with an adjusting screw. The amount of smoke depends on the pressing force.

In the path of the smoke, a fine mesh is placed in front of the smoking chamber, to which the negative terminal of the high voltage source is connected, and the positive terminal is connected to the hooks and grate on which the products are attached. Smoke passing through the grate acquires a negative charge and smokes positively charged products faster.

The high voltage source is a magneto installed on the engine shaft, or an ignition coil connected to a ~220 V network.

Stainless steel smoke generator

Most smoke producing devices are made of carbon steel. But if you have the skills and materials, then it is better to make a homemade smoke generator for a cold smoked smokehouse from stainless steel.

Such devices have advantages over other materials:

• due to higher heat resistance, a stainless steel firebox burns out more slowly;
• The device is not subject to corrosion due to condensation and precipitation.

The operating diagram of such a unit is shown in the figure below.

Smoke generator for cold smoking with bottom smoke supply

The classic design of a device for producing smoke involves installing an outlet at the top. But the smoke, rising up the apparatus, cools down. It is advisable to make devices intended for hot smoking with a lower ejector, at a height of 50 mm above the grate.

The design and operating principle of such a unit are shown in the figure:

Important! In devices with bottom smoke exhaust, installation of an ejector is mandatory.

Manufacturing of a spiral smoke generator

To cool the smoke, in addition to an additional chamber, a vertical pipe with a screw located in it, or an Archimedes screw, is used:

1. the spiral cooler is assembled in a housing made of a pipe ∅100 mm and 500 mm long;
2. a pipe with a diameter of 40 mm and a length of 500 mm is used as an axis;
3. screw turns are made of steel rings with an outer diameter of 100 mm and an inner diameter of 45 mm;
4. the rings are cut on one side, the coils are moved apart and put on the axle;
5. all structural elements are secured by electric welding, the auger is placed in the housing;
6. Covers are welded to the ends of the body, and a chimney is attached to the sides.

Important! When cooling, condensation is released from the smoke, so a condensate collector is connected to the bottom cover.

In addition to aromatic substances, the smoke released during the smoldering of sawdust contains resins, soot and other components. They spoil the taste finished product, and to improve the quality, the smoke from the correct smoke generator should be passed through a purifier.

This is a pipe larger diameter than a chimney. Inside it are steel shavings or metal scourers for washing dishes.

Smoke generator with condensate collector

As the smoke cools, condensation is released from it. When moisture gets on food, it degrades the taste and appearance smoked meats, so it must be removed from the smoke.

To collect condensate in the chimney, a tee is installed with a drain in plastic container. There are two ways to install it:

• Using electric welding. The chimney bends in the middle third and an outlet is welded at the bottom of the bend, onto which a tube is placed to collect condensate.
• Using plumbing tees. If used for a chimney water pipes, then a tee with an outlet into the condensate collector is screwed onto them. Due to the design, the outlet will be the lower part of the horizontal chimney.

Installed tee for condensate drainage

Various accessories for smoke generator

To improve the quality of smoke, a smoke generator with additional accessories is suitable.

Smoke generator injector device

The most responsible and the hard part The device is an ejector. The quality and quantity of smoke and the operation of the entire installation depend on its manufacture and settings.

The operating principle of this device is as follows:

1. the air flow moving through the chimney creates a reduced pressure inside it;
2. Low pressure in the chimney pipe draws smoke from the smoke generator and creates additional draft through the lower holes.

Thus, the operation of the ejector increases the flow of smoke into the smoking chamber, the smoldering of wood chips and the intensity of smoke emission.

Design and self-assembly of the ejector

This device can be made from a water tee. The middle part is connected to the smoke source, one of the outer parts is connected to the smoking chamber, and a plug with a tube from the compressor is screwed into the opposite part. The temperature is relatively low, so the cork material can be anything: plastic, rubber or metal.

The tube for supplying air to the ejector is taken with a diameter of 6-10 mm and such a length that it extends 8-10 cm into the chimney. It is important to ensure the alignment of the nozzle and the chimney. To do this, it must fit tightly into the plug - it is inserted into the rubber one, and screwed into the metal one with a thread.

Cooler for smoke generator

Cold smoking uses smoke at room temperature, and it comes out of the generator up to 120°C, especially with a lower chimney connection. To reduce its temperature, a cooler or cooler is installed.

This is a cylindrical or square chamber similar in size to the smoke generator body. Once in this chamber, the smoke slows down and cools down. For greater efficiency, the entrance to the cooler is made from the top, and the exit from the bottom.

When cooling, condensate is released from the smoke, which accumulates at the bottom of the cooler, so in addition to it it is necessary to install a condensate collector.

The principle of operation and operation diagram of the cooler are shown in the picture.

Filter for smoke generator

To improve the quality of smoke, it should be cleaned of resins, soot and other substances. To do this, a filter is installed in the chimney.

Structurally, this is an extension of the chimney filled with steel shavings or metal scourers for washing dishes. This extension can be made in the form of an additional chamber with a cover for replacing the filter or a pipe of a larger diameter than the chimney. In this case, to replace the chips, the chimney will have to be partially disassembled.

The operating principle is shown below.

Compressor for cold smoked smoke generator

One of the important components of a smoke generator is the compressor. It directs the air flow through the ejector. This flow carries smoke into the smokehouse, creating a vacuum in the combustion chamber and additional draft.

Making your own compressor

The simplest compressor can be made from a computer cooler and a plastic bottle:

1. a hole is cut in the bottom of the bottle corresponding to the diameter of the cooler;
2. a fan is inserted into it and secured with tape;
3. a hole is made in the lid for the connecting tube;
4. the tube is inserted into the lid, and the connection point is also wrapped with tape;
5. The cooler can be connected to any 12 V DC power source.

Making your own compressor

DIY liquid for a smoke generator

In addition to smoke generators designed for smoking products, there are devices that create smoke on theater and concert stages.

In these devices, smoke is produced when a special solution hits the heater and evaporates, that is, it is not smoke, but steam.

The composition may be different, for example:

• glycerin – 15%;
• alcohol – 10%;
• distilled water – 75%.

Naturally, the steam from such a solution is not suitable for smoking food.