Names and techniques of punches in boxing: video review and detailed description with pictures. Fight like a pro: the five main punches in boxing

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One of the most common types of martial arts not only in the CIS, but throughout the world is boxing. Despite the harsh rules that limit this sport, a boxer who masters the technique, in most cases, emerges victorious even in a street fight.

What unites classical boxing and oriental fighting systems?

Due to the presence of various limitations, a good boxer is constantly working to improve his fighting tactics, and the technique of striking has undergone significant changes in the last few decades and today boxing is significantly different from the boxing that our predecessors were fond of.

Before you start practicing punches, it is necessary - they will accustom your hands to the weight. Then it will be much easier for you to carry out training with impacts.

Classical combat is constantly evolving, borrowing much from Eastern martial systems, which, in turn, today successfully use some techniques from boxing and Western martial arts. And although, for example, in Thai boxing, which has gained popularity among our compatriots (has nothing in common with classical boxing), blows are delivered with elbows, hands, feet, good results Muay Thai is possible only by masterfully working with your hands. Therefore, boxers have to thoroughly master the principles of striking before entering the ring.

All combat systems existing today, although based on basic, classical ideas, are, one way or another, divided into wrestling and fist. In boxing, there are not many techniques of defense and attack, and if the names of defenses do not arouse much interest among fans of this sport, then the situation with the names of strikes is completely different.

Basic punches used in boxing

Boxing punches, names which can tell about their characteristics, are divided into straight, side and uppercuts, and at the same time, each of them has its own several subspecies. The delivery of blows is strictly limited, they can be delivered either to the head or to the body of the opponent, and based on the rules of boxing, strikes can only be delivered with hands protected by special boxing gloves.

Basic punches used in boxing

You can study in more detail using specialized literature or by studying the information presented in sufficient quantities on the Internet.

Direct blow and its variations

A direct blow in boxing is divided into two subtypes. The name of a blow delivered with the hand that is closer to the opponent is a jab (poke). A blow that is delivered with the hand further towards the opponent is called a cross. The jab allows you to calculate the opponent's expected movements and determine his weak spots. It is the fastest because it has the shortest trajectory, which allows the attacker to control the distance. By using a jab, the enemy can easily be disoriented by not strong, but exhausting attacks carried out at a fast pace.

A direct attack with a far hand (cross) has a much lower speed, because the flight of the hand occurs along a trajectory with a greater length. This is the reason why the cross is much more powerful than the jab described above. Direct punch in boxing, title which when translated into Russian sounds like a “cross”, is quite strong, because it is applied after it passes over the opponent’s hand, after which it is executed by the dominant back hand"at odds" Before using this blow, it must be carefully mastered, otherwise there is a risk of running into a counterattack and being defeated.

Most often, the cross is used by boxers - knockout fighters who prefer to use an attacking strategy. Wherein straight punch in boxing called a jab or cross is only effective when combined with other punches.

Side punches - hook and swing

Strikes that are delivered from a balanced position, as a rule, do not have any subtypes, but due to the fact that the fighter in the ring is most often in a half-turn towards the enemy, there are two types of side strikes. Side kick in boxing called The “swing” is performed with the hand located closer to the opponent. Therefore, he does not always manage to notice it in time due to the trajectory of the blow, which begins similar to a jab, and then turns into a side trajectory.

Swing became most widespread in the fifties of the last century and is more typical of the English boxing technique. Just like the jab, the swing is applied with the left hand. The swing is a very powerful single strike, because it allows the opponent to quickly counterattack.

The most powerful punch used in boxing is the hook. Although it is very inferior to other types of attacking actions in terms of speed, thanks to its large trajectory, it is powerful and helps to win by knockout. The effectiveness of a hook depends on a competent combination of blows, for example, in cases when the enemy is dealt several direct blows (jab - the name of a direct blow with the near hand in boxing), and then secure the result with a skillfully placed hook.

The peculiarity of this strike is that it does not require a swing to deliver it. The purpose of striking is to “knock out” the enemy and win a quick victory.

Uppercuts (low blows)

One of the most powerful effects on an opponent is the uppercut. There are two types of impact. The classic uppercut is possible at close range, it is applied in most cases with the front hand, while the long uppercut is applied with the far hand and is used at medium and long distances.

Hook

Hook (hook) is a short side kick, which is applied with the right or left hand bent at the elbow 90 or 100 degrees. The hook is more effective at medium and close distances, with blows directed at the opponent’s head or body. The hook is not considered a high-speed strike because it has a large trajectory, but this disadvantage is compensated by the power of the strike.

The impact force is mainly generated by turning the body and shifting the center of gravity. The main goal of this technique is to win ahead of schedule. Single hooks will be ineffective without a competent combination of strikes. The hook itself is a very dangerous and knockout blow, but technically very difficult, as it requires the boxer to be particularly accurate and timely.

Jab

Jab is a left straight punch into the head or torso, while the arm should be fully extended. The jab is not the strongest punch in boxing, but it is considered one of the most basic punches in a boxer's arsenal. It is a high-speed punch because it has the shortest trajectory of all punches in boxing. The jab is aimed at performing the “reconnaissance” function - searching for the opponent’s weak spot. In addition, it helps to keep your distance, measure the distance to reach a comfortable position in order to prepare for an attack and deliver heavy and accentuated blows.

Thus, this blow helps to keep the opponent constantly in suspense, a kind of disorientation under the “hail” of weak, but frequent and lightning-fast attacks. The jab also works well as a defensive action, as it slows down the opponent's forward progress.

Uppercut

The uppercut is thrown from the bottom up with a bent arm. The uppercut can be classic, long and body uppercut. The classic uppercut is used at close range with the front hand, while at medium and long range a long uppercut with the far hand is more appropriate. With a classic uppercut, the forearm should be vertical at the moment of impact. With a long uppercut, the blow is struck "from the floor", which makes this blow unpredictable.

Body uppercut - when striking, the palm of the fist is turned upward. In terms of strength and effectiveness, the uppercut is second only to side blows, and in terms of speed and trajectory it is comparable to the swing. All types of uppercut are very effective for attacks and counterattacks.

Cross

Cross is a right straight punch to the head or torso is one of the most powerful punches in boxing. This blow has a long trajectory of the hand, which determines its power. The cross is the main weapon of a knockout boxer. The kick is delivered very sharply with a simultaneous push of the back leg and a forward movement of the torso, with all the weight transferred to the front leg. A cross is usually performed to the head, as the final one in the series. The effectiveness of this strike is directly related to a whole complex of “false” strikes - jabs and the front hand.

It should be noted that victory in boxing is not brought by the strongest or fastest blow, but by the timely and correct one. Technique alone is not enough in this sport; strategy and combat tactics are also needed. Therefore, each technique has its time when it is appropriate.

Uppercut- low blow in close combat. It gains strength from a sharp straightening of the body with a simultaneous rotation of the torso in the direction of the blow, causing the striking hand to move forward towards the target.

Automatism- the ability to perform simple and complex attacking and counterattacking actions during a fight without constant self-control on the part of the boxer over the sequence and quality of their execution.

AIBA - International Association amateur boxing.

Accented strike- in a series of blows by a boxer - a blow that differs from others in strength, sharpness and accuracy.

Analysis of the combat situation- the process of instantly assessing the position, condition and intentions of the opponent, which is integral part making decisions during a confrontation in the ring. The ability to analyze a combat situation is characteristic of skilled boxers and allows them to instantly select the most rational attacking, defensive and counterattack actions. Boxers are trained in the analysis of combat actions and its improvement is carried out through special tasks on the tactics of fighting in exercises in pairs, on paws, in a simulated fight, as well as by watching and analyzing video recordings of fights.

Bandage- part of a boxer's equipment that protects against possible blows below the belt.

Combat activity- the number of attacking and defensive actions of a boxer per unit of time. One of the main indicators with which the level of a boxer’s readiness for competition is recorded. It is determined using video recording and filming of training and competitive fights, followed by an analysis of the density of the boxer’s striking and defensive actions.

Boxing- the referee’s command by which athletes begin or resume the fight.

Brack- a command from the referee, according to which the boxers must take a step back and continue the fight without other teams.

Handicap- equalizing the chances of competition participants. In boxing, a handicap is achieved by dividing boxers into weight categories. The first such division occurred in 1746, when boxers were divided into two categories: light and heavy. In 1786, there was a division into three weight categories: light, medium and heavy. On III and IV Olympic Games, in 1904 and 1908 boxers were already divided into 5 weight categories. Subsequently, in order to preserve the health of boxers and prevent serious injuries in battle, the boundaries of weight categories were repeatedly narrowed, and their number increased.

Groggy- immediate deterioration of the condition on the boxer’s legs after receiving an accurate blow to the back. Occurs due to concussion of the ear labyrinth. The groggy condition passes quickly, but the boxer a short time loses combat effectiveness. In this case, the referee stops the fight and counts to eight. If the boxer, after the count of 8, has not taken a fighting stance and has not regained his fighting capacity, the referee continues to count to 10 and the boxer is considered a knockout defeat.

"Two-armed" boxer- an athlete who has a strong blow with both hands or leads with equal intensity fighting both left and right hands. In qualified boxers, in comparison with beginners, under the influence of targeted, varied training techniques, as a rule, the motor asymmetry between the left and right hands is “smoothed out.”

Jab- a short sharp blow with a straight hand to the head.

EABA- European Amateur Boxing Association.

Gamer– a boxer who relies not on a blow, but on technique.

mouth guard- an element of a boxer’s equipment that protects the lips from being cut by one’s own teeth, and also softens blows to the jaw.

Clinch- mutual capture of boxers during the fight. A prohibited technique, which is used for a short respite, to hinder the enemy’s attacking actions.

Cross- counter blow through the opponent's hand.

Knockdown- the position of the boxer after a missed blow, when he cannot continue the fight for 8 - 9 seconds.

Knockout- the position of a boxer after a missed blow, when he is unable to continue the fight for 10 seconds or more.

Knockout- a boxer who in most cases wins by knockout. As a rule, all knockout artists are punchers.

Puncher- a boxer with a one-time knockout blow. Not all punchers are knockouts.

Cross Strike- a counter blow with the right hand to the head, delivered while defending with a tilt to the left from an opponent’s attack with the left to the head.

Right-hand stand- a boxer's fighting stance, in which his right arm, shoulder, hip and leg are in front of similar parts of the left side of the body.

Sidestep- a step to the side, usually simultaneously with the blow.

Swing- side kick with a swing.

Sleeping- slope.

Standing knockout- the boxer is unconscious and unable to defend himself, but does not fall, either leaning on the ropes or catching himself on them.

Standing knockdown- the opponent does not fall, but is visibly shaken. The referee's countdown begins.

Strat- direct blow.

Rack– the standard position of a boxer in a fight.

Stepping- break - step back.

Second- a coach who has the right to be in the ring before the fight, after the fight and in between rounds, providing assistance to the boxer. Each boxer can have two seconds.

TKO- victory is awarded to one of the boxers due to a clear advantage, the opponent’s refusal to continue the fight, damage received by the opponent, disqualification of the opponent for violating the rules.

Drummer - a fighter whose style is dominated by striking techniques. The term is often used in martial arts, where the terms grappler, wrestler, etc. are used along with this term.

Slope right - protective actions from a direct blow with the left.

Tilt left- protective actions against a direct blow from the right.

Hook- short side kick.

Appendix 1. Some boxing terms.

"Outfighter"- a boxer who prefers long-distance fighting.

"Weight of a Fly"- boxer weight from 48 to 51 kg. inclusive.

"The Weight of a Rooster"- boxer weight from 52 to 53.5 kg. inclusive.

"Weight of a Feather"- boxer weight from 53.6 to 57.5 kg. inclusive.

"Two-armed boxer"- a boxer who works equally well with his left and right hands.

"Ruff"- a boxer who loves to go into deep defense.

"Infighter"- a boxer who prefers fighting at close range.

"Footwork"- movements.

"Rescher"- similar to the modern “fighter”, an aggressive boxer who often exchanges blows.

"Forcing"- a continuous attack carried out actively and at a fast pace.

"Broughton's Target"- solar plexus.

Appendix 2. Some tactical moves in boxing.

"Drum" beats- blows delivered several times in a row with the same hand.

"Break - ground"- quick bounce back.

"Return Strike"- pretending to attack the opponent with a direct left blow to the head, the boxer, without finishing the blow, suddenly took a step back. The opponent, thinking that the boxer had given up trying to attack him, weakened his defense, but at that moment received swipe from the right hand to the head.

"Inside Uppercut"- counter uppercut between the opponent's hands.

"Corks Crew" ("corkscrew blow")- a blow with a horizontal fist (for its time, the end of the 19th century, it was an innovation, because at that time both straight lines and swings were delivered with a vertical fist).

"Lever - Punch"("crowbar blow") - consists of two quickly successive swings with the left hand to the head.

"Imaginary retreat" - Retreating from the enemy several times in a row, the boxer, emphasizing his timidity, encouraged the enemy to pursue himself. Having accustomed the enemy to pursuing a series of such retreats, he suddenly unexpectedly took a step forward and met him with a strong direct blow to the head with his left hand.

" Hammer"- a blow in close combat with the right hand at the moment when it was between the opponent’s hands. It is applied with a short, sharp movement of the hand from top to bottom, directing the soft part of the glove towards the opponent’s chin.

"Spurt" - a sharp change in the pace of action from slow to fast.

"Kick to the Clincher" ("Mousetrap")- used in a fight with an opponent who liked to abuse clinches. After a series of clinches imposed by the opponent, the boxer would pretend to be going into a clinch, then suddenly stop and deliver a strong uppercut to the opponent’s chin.

"Shift-punch"- changing the left-sided fighting stance to the right-sided one in cases where the boxer intended to deliver a strong blow with his left hand.

Appendix 3. Various additional boxing techniques, their variations and tactics.

"Allonge"- French term (similar to the English "rich" - maximum combat distance).

One-two attack- two quickly successive direct blows to the head.

"Butting"- both prohibited head strikes and various tactical tricks using the head within the rules (pressing and pressing the head into the opponent’s chest and shoulders in close combat). The defending boxer rests his head on the opponent's chest or shoulder, thereby maintaining the distance for delivering short blows to the body. At the same time, both his hands remain free for strikes, and with the movements of his legs (retreating or advancing, he adjusts the desired distance).

"Bullying"- continuously delivering short blows to the opponent’s body in order to tire him out (for example, in close combat, a boxer attacks the opponent’s stomach with hooks and uppercuts, knocking out his breathing).

"Fast start"- transition to active actions immediately after the start of the fight, without preliminary reconnaissance with feints.

"Blockage"- warning, weakening or meeting a blow with the palm of an open glove.

"Counter Double Strike"– counterattack, direct left blow to the body and the next right blow to the head.

"Double "sea" blow"- two hooks quickly following each other: a right one to the head and followed by a left one to the body.

"Cross parry") - cross defense, in which the enemy's attacking hand is repelled with the same hand upward, opening the enemy's torso for a counterattack.

"The Descending Kick"- a direct blow with the right hand to the heart area, applied from top to bottom in a straight inclined line.

"Tour de waltz"- the boxer pushes the opponent’s shoulder with his right hand and simultaneously takes a quick step right foot to the right. Thus, he found himself behind the enemy. When the opponent turned to face him, he received a right hook to the chin.

"Strike for Strike"- exchanging blows with the enemy in order to break his attack and seize the initiative of the battle in hand malfunctions.

"Postman's Punch"- a series of jabs in quick succession to open the enemy's defense ("postman knocking on the door") and then a powerful right hand ("passing the mail").

FURFUR talks about five boxers, famous not only for their titles and iconic fights in boxing history, but also for the heaviest punches in the world.

Mike Tyson's right cross

One of the best punchers in the history of world boxing, a black fusion of animal aggression, lightning speed and destructive power, Mike Tyson was a true knockout specialist. At the beginning of his career, Tyson committed real genocide in the ring - opponents often took a horizontal position in the first two rounds. It’s not for nothing that ESPN sports columnist Graham Houston ranked Mike first in the ranking of the best knockout fighters of all time. This title is confirmed by the athlete’s personal statistics - out of 50 fights won, Tyson ended 44 by knockout.

Tyson's most terrible weapon was considered the right side - this impeccable balance between speed, body work and impact force allowed him to lay opponents on the floor in batches and provide work for more than one personal dentist. There is no clear opinion regarding the absolute power of Tyson's blow - the force component of the boxer's blow ranges from 700 to 1800 psi, depending on the blow he chooses. In any case, with a clean hit, such a blow can, if not kill, then lower the enemy’s IQ by several tens of points.

As usual, Iron Mike himself said it best about the power of his blow:

Right cross by Earnie Shavers

Earnie Shavers' right hand is considered the most powerful in boxing history. Shavers hit so hard that he earned himself the tenth place in the ranking of the 100 best punchers in boxing history according to Ring magazine, as well as the nickname Black Destroyer.
Ernie Shavers is supported by the truly deadly statistics of knockouts (68 in his career) and the eloquent statements of his opponents - Ali admitted that no one had ever beaten him so hard, and another famous heavyweight Larry Holmes, comparing Tyson and Shavers, said that if after Iron Mike's impact makes you feel like you've been hit by a fast Ferrari, while Ernie feels like you've been hit by a truck.

For all his striking power, Shavers was an extremely predictable boxer. Slowness and poor endurance made him dangerous only in the first few rounds, then he sagged and was no longer so aggressive. As a result, Shavers never became a world champion; the only title he won was the Nevada heavyweight champion.

For all his striking power, Shavers was an extremely predictable boxer. Slowness and poor endurance made him dangerous only in the first few rounds, then he sagged and was no longer so aggressive. As a result, Shavers never became a world champion; the only title he won was the Nevada heavyweight champion.

During the filming of Rocky III, where Ernie Shavers was invited as a consultant, the boxer almost killed Sylvester Stallone in response to his request not to feel sorry for him and to hit him harder. Stallone later admitted that he felt sick for a very long time after Ernie's right jab.

George Foreman's right uppercut

Another contender for the title of the heaviest puncher in history, George Foreman, is still the oldest heavyweight champion and, according to the World Boxing Council, the most devastating heavyweight of all time.
At the professional level, Foreman fought 81 single fights, of which he finished 68 by knockout, breaking the ribs and jaws of his opponents countless times. Fans even joked that Foreman could knock bad breath out of his mouth along with his teeth with his uppercut. His fight with another great heavyweight Joe Frazier in 1973 is quite indicative - Foreman destroyed his opponent in two rounds, knocking him down six times.

At the same time, Foreman’s boxing style was primitive to the extreme - he climbed on his opponent like a bulldozer, raining down a hail of crushing blows on him, more reminiscent of carpet bombing, without caring at all about defense. This style of fighting for the time being brought victories to Foreman and made him absolutely invincible in the ring.

Right cross by Max Baer

In the thirties of the last century, Max Baer had no equal in punching power - there was even a legend about him, according to which he once knocked out a bull. But Baer has knocked out more than just artiodactyls - he is a member of the unofficial "Club 50" - boxers who have won more than fifty fights by knockout.
Baer fought his first fight at the age of seventeen, knocking down a huge worker who suspected Max of stealing a bottle of wine from him. Even then it became clear what destructive force was hidden in right hand future champion. Baer's right hand was deadly in the literal sense of the word - in 1930, his rival Frankie Campbell died from a head injury received in a meeting with Baer.

And Baer’s next opponent, Ernie Schaaf, was taken to the hospital in an unconscious state after the fight. Five months later, Schaaf died in the ring from a stroke and many associated this death with the injuries received in the fight with Max Baer.

But Baer was not a brutal killer boxer - he took the injuries of his opponents very hard, and the death of Frankie Campbell truly traumatized him. After her, the boxer even intended to leave the sport and for a long time helped the family of the deceased, financing the education of his children. Having won the championship title, Baer lost interest in boxing - he began to lead a free life, act in Hollywood films and spend more and more time not in training rooms, but in the arms of beauty pageant winners. The boxer's light, cheerful character, superimposed on the tragic circumstances of his sports career, forever earned him the nickname Sad Clown.

During the famous fight with Max Schleming, an iconic dialogue took place between Baer and his assistant Jack Dempsey, which became a true boxing conversational classic. Baer, ​​shocked by the German’s blow in the first round, complained: “What should I do, I see three Schlemings at once!” The coach advised him to hit the one exactly in the middle.

Left hook by Joe Frazier

Joe Frazier had one of the most powerful left knockout punches among heavyweights - if he turned on his left side, his opponent could safely be booked into a hospital room. It was largely thanks to this weapon that Frazier managed to send the then unbeaten heavyweight champion Muhammad Ali to the floor for the first time.
In one of his interviews, Joe admitted that he had to thank a pig for his crazy left kick. According to Fraser, as a child, a huge hog chased him on a farm and knocked him to the ground, breaking him. left hand- the hand was not fused correctly, and he could only straighten it at an angle, but this angle was ideal for a hook.

To others best friend In his childhood, the future boxer became a bag filled with corn, on which he practiced his blows, sometimes adding a couple of bricks. This cornbrick cocktail turned Joe's left hook into dynamite. Over time, crazy performance, love for animals and incorrect hand geometry came together to create a legendary boxer, who was called nothing less than Smoking Joe - for the crushing blows that darkened the eyes of even the most experienced opponents.

In addition to a poorly straightened left arm, Fraser had another significant physical disability - a cataract in his left eye. With this disease, the boxer managed to knock out his opponents until he earned money for a good operation.

The system for calculating the force of punches in boxing is very approximate, so usually these values ​​​​are not compared with indicators in real life. But if you try to do this, it turns out that the sum of the pressures produced by the best blows of these boxers on their opponents is equal to 869 atmospheres, or 4450 human blood pressure. This can also be roughly compared to the pressure exerted on a medium-sized nuclear submarine found at a depth of 1 kilometer 100 meters.