PVA glue: specifications. What can glue and what makes pva glue unique? Universal building pva glue technical specifications

If you need to glue something, the first thing a person remembers is the most popular PVA glue. It is in any home and office, it is used not only for gluing paper and cardboard, but also in construction work as well as in industry. All this is due to its primitive composition, which allows you to change the properties of the adhesive with the help of special additives.

The history of PVA begins in 1912. Then the German Klat managed to get vinyl acetate from acetylene gas. After polymerization, this substance received sticky abilities. But just before the start of World War II, the American Farber was able to create industrial production polyvinyl acetate.

PVA glue: decoding and composition

PVA is a product chemical industry and named so due to the main active ingredient in the composition, stands for polyvinyl acetate. It makes up 95% of the entire composition. Polyvinyl acetate is obtained by polymerization of the vinyl acetate monomer using a variety of industrial methods. This substance does not dissolve in water and oil solutions and tends only to swell. Resistant to low and high temperatures, but not to their differences. home distinguishing feature polyvinyl acetate is that it increases the adhesion between surfaces.

The rest of the PVA is made up of various additives and plasticizers. Depending on the purpose of the glue being made, EDOS, acetone and other complex substances are added to it.

Advantages over other types

Thanks to the huge number of positive properties, PVA has received such wide popularity. Some of them:

Specifications

PVA glue is widely used both in everyday life, among schoolchildren, and in construction. Polyvinyl acetate has the following varieties:

Stationery (PVA-K). Used for paper work. It is distributed in schools and kindergartens. Non-toxic, not resistant to low temperatures and humidity. The structure is thick, odorless, forms a surface film.
Wallpaper (or household). Used for gluing textile, vinyl, non-woven and paper wallpapers. It is resistant to frosts of 40 degrees, and is also securely fastened to concrete, plasterboard walls and plastered with cement mortar.
PVA-MB (universal). PVA glue construction universal, specifications:

Able to glue different kinds materials.
Used in construction work mortars water based.
Withstands frosts up to 20 degrees.

PVA-M. A cheap replica of the universal PVA. Can only bond wood and paper. Not recommended for glass.

Polyvinyl acetate dispersion- adhesive emulsion, improved for better bonding of surfaces. It has only two types: plasticized and without plasticizers. Can be found in mortars household chemicals, water-dispersion paints.

Dispersion adhesive is widely used in footwear, textile industries, etc. It is also used in the manufacture of cigarette filters. Moisture and frost-resistant, has a creamy yellowish tint, viscous in composition.

Waterproof glue D class. It is used in the manufacture wooden furniture, in the construction and repair of wood products. Moisture resistant between D1 and D4.

PVA class D3(dispersion emulsion of polyvinyl acetate of the third degree of moisture resistance). The best option for gluing wood, chipboard and on cork surfaces. It can be used in rooms with high humidity. The consistency is transparent, thick and viscous.

Glue PVA GOST

According to the rules, it must have the following features:

It looks like a milky white homogeneous mixture that does not have a pronounced odor.
After drying, it forms a transparent viscous film.
With the use of PVA glue, the seam of the products comes out strong and elastic.
Waterproof formulations contain a polyvinyl acetate emulsion that enhances the bonding properties of the polyvinyl acetate.

According to GOST, it should not contain toxins and have a strong odor. During use, its white color turns transparent and after drying it cannot be returned to its original form.

Due to the fact that PVA glue is safe, it can be used in kindergartens, creative circles and schools. It is distinguished and appreciated by fire safety, as well as unpretentiousness in use, since special clothing is not needed to work with this glue.

For fast drying glue

Often, many are puzzled by what can be done with PVA glue to dry it quickly. To do quality work, you need to know how to dry glue fast. For small paper work and a thin layer of adhesive, it will dry completely in a maximum of 15 minutes.

On average, PVA dries in 24 hours. In order for the surfaces to be glued to fit tightly to each other, it is necessary to press them well, for example, create a press from books or clamp them in a vise for several hours.

To ensure good adhesion of surfaces, it is first necessary to thoroughly clean them from debris and dust.
In order for the application to be uniform, it is necessary to degrease the surfaces with acetone or alcohol.
To work with PVA, it is best to use a brush or roller, as a thin layer will dry faster.
To ensure fast drying, you must use a product from a trusted manufacturer.
PVA dries faster at moderately high temperatures, so you can dry the product with a hair dryer, put it next to a heat source, or put it in the microwave for a few seconds.

Reasons and rules for dilution

Often polyvinyl acetate is diluted with water. But adding water to universal, second or Moment glue is strictly prohibited, as this will violate the adhesive properties. You can dilute with water household and stationery glue. This technique allows you to reduce the consumption of material or restore its original consistency, if the adhesive has thickened during the storage period.

Wallpaper glue presented usually in powder form. The instruction says that before working with this material, it is necessary to dilute it in warm water (100 g of dry powder per 1 liter of water). As a result, the solution is obtained as thick sour cream, in which a roller or brush should get stuck a little. To get a primer, you need to add more water.

If you need, on the contrary, to thicken the glue, you can leave it open for a day so that the water evaporates a little.

Attention, only TODAY!

Invented in Germany in 1912, PVA has evolved from a curiosity into a widely used and well-known adhesive in a couple of years. This happened due to two main characteristics: non-toxicity and versatility. Today, the improvement of the composition continues and more and more new brands are being produced, PVA glue is acquiring more and more new properties. Therefore, it makes sense to tell in more detail where and how this adhesive material is used, why it is unique and how it is produced.

How is it deciphered and what is it made of

PVA is a product of the chemical industry and it is named after the main active ingredient, polyvinyl acetate, and it makes up 95% of all glue. Polyvinyl acetate is obtained by polymerization of the vinyl acetate monomer, by various industrial methods. The substance is insoluble in water (only swells) and oily solutions. Resistant to low and high (but not higher than 100˚ C) temperatures, but not to their alternation. Inert to influence air environment. main feature- when used, it increases the adhesion between the surfaces of materials

The rest of the PVA glue is occupied by plasticizers and additives. Depending on what kind of adhesive product is made, tricresyl phosphate, EDOS, acetone and other esters are added to it. Plasticizers provide the necessary density, as well as improve adhesion to working surfaces.

Advice
One of the key properties of polyvinyl acetate is the absence of odor. Pay attention to this indicator when choosing in the store.

Advantages

PVA glue is widely used due to its many positive properties:

does not contain chemical substances that are harmful to health, so PVA stationery is allowed for use by children from 3 years old;
does not burn;
resistant to mechanical stress;
when the internal temperature rises, it becomes more plastic;
withstands 4-6 freeze-thaw cycles;
has a neutral smell, which simplifies the use in enclosed spaces;
dissolves only from complex compounds of chemicals, but at the same time the fresh layer is easily washed off with water.

Varieties and their technical characteristics

PVA glue is widely used in everyday life and construction. Both the schoolboy, and the professional carpenter, and the housewife use polyvinyl acetate. Depending on the type of activity, polyvinyl acetate is divided into types:

Stationery (PVA - K). It is popular in kindergartens and schools. Thick consistency, mass white color, with the formation of a surface film. Non-toxic, not resistant to frost and high humidity. It is used in working with paper and all its varieties.

Wallpaper (household). It is used for gluing paper, vinyl, non-woven and textile wallpaper. Creates reliable adhesion to concrete, drywall or combined surfaces. The glue is resistant to freezing down to -40 degrees.

PVA-MB (universal). Bonds various types of materials. It is used as a part of construction and finishing mixes on a water basis. Withstands temperatures down to -20 degrees.

PVA-M is a cheap modification of universal glue. Bonds only paper and wood. Not recommended for glass and porcelain surfaces.

Polyvinyl acetate dispersion - an adhesive emulsion improved for adhesion to surfaces. It is divided into two types: plasticized and without plasticizers. It is found in the composition of household chemicals, packaging products, water-dispersion paints and mortars.

Dispersion adhesive is used in textile, footwear and other industries. It is also used in the manufacture of tobacco products - for cigarette filters. Possesses frost and moisture resistance. It has a creamy yellow tint and a viscous consistency.

Class d waterproof adhesive. Used in construction and renovation wooden products, furniture manufacturing. Moisture resistance range from d1 to d4.

The most optimal when gluing on wood, fiberboard, chipboard and cork is PVA glue d3. It is deciphered as a dispersion emulsion of polyvinyl acetate of the 3rd degree of moisture resistance. Consistency - transparent, thick and viscous. Use in rooms with high degree of humidity of air is possible.

Important
Despite the non-toxicity of the cured PVA glue, it is necessary to carry out work on gluing surfaces in well-ventilated areas.

Correct Application

Each version of the adhesive mixture has its own characteristics of use. Therefore, before use, carefully read the instructions that come with the product. If not, use the tips below.

Apply with a brush, less often with a notched trowel. The adhesive must be evenly and thinly distributed over both surfaces to be bonded. If necessary, after the first layer has dried, a second layer is applied. The glue is allowed to dry and soak a little, then the parts to be glued are pressed tightly.

How long it dries and how to speed up hardening

For quality work it is important to know how to dry the adhesive material quickly. Of course, there is nothing complicated in this process if small paper parts are glued. When applying a thin layer, drying occurs in 10-15 minutes.

On average, PVA glue dries in 24 hours. To obtain a strong adhesion of the surfaces, it is important to press the products strongly against each other. For example, put under the press from books if we are talking about paper. Or squeeze in a vise for a couple of hours.

Little tricks for fast drying PVA:

high-quality adhesion and drying occurs on clean surfaces- remove particles of dust and debris;
to apply glue evenly, pre-treat the work surfaces with alcohol or acetone;
the thinner the layer of glue, the faster it dries - use a brush or roller to work with glue;
it is worth considering that for quick drying it is important to use a quality product from trusted manufacturers;
PVA dries faster with a moderate increase in temperature - use a hair dryer, place the product near a heat source or place it in the microwave for a few seconds.

Advice
Remember that PVA glue begins to break down at temperatures above 100-170 degrees. Be careful with heat.

How and why to dilute

Polyvinyl acetate glue is often diluted with water. It is not recommended to add water to the universal, second and Moment glue, as they will lose their adhesive function. It is also not recommended to dilute dispersion grades. You can dilute household and stationery glue. This allows you to reduce material consumption or restore its consistency if the adhesive has thickened during storage.

Wallpaper glue is sold dry. Before use, the glue is dissolved in warm water at the rate of 100 grams of dry product per 1 liter of liquid. The solution is obtained as thick sour cream so that the brush or roller gets a little stuck in the solution. To get a primer, the proportions are slightly changed by increasing the proportion of water.

Used as a primer and. To dilute it, you will need warm water and adhesive material in a ratio of 2 to 1. It turns out a light white liquid product.

Advice
Highly diluted glue creates a less strong and, accordingly, less durable seam.

PVA glue is one of the most versatile compositions, it is used both independently and in composition with additives and modifiers that give additional beneficial features. It is still one of the safest adhesive materials. Use it wisely and the result will meet all your expectations.

It is used for gluing products made of paper, cardboard, fabrics, gluing fiberglass, vinyl and paper wallpapers. Can be used as a modifier to improve the technological and adhesive properties of dry building mixtures, plaster, putty compositions or for priming building surfaces.

PVA glue easy to apply on bonded materials. Non-toxic, after drying the film does not emit harmful substances.

Drying time: 24 hours

Frost resistance:

How to use PVA glue:

Packing of PVA glue:

Precautionary measures:

It is used for gluing products made of paper, cardboard, leather, fabrics. Suitable for gluing linoleum, carpet, facing tiles, paper-based synthetic wall coverings, fiberglass, vinyl and paper wallpapers, cork, sickle, building nets and bandages. It can be used for gluing decorative laminate to fiberboard, chipboard, MDF, etc., as well as to increase the water resistance and increase the strength of concrete, plaster and filler compositions.

PVA glue it is easily applied on the materials to be glued, after drying it forms a homogeneous transparent film. Non-toxic, after drying the film does not emit harmful substances. Forms an elastic adhesive seam.

Consumption: from 200 g/m2 (depending on surface structure)

Film color: transparent colorless

Drying time: 24 hours

Shelf life: 1 year in original packaging at temperatures from +5 to +30

Frost resistance: storage and transportation at temperatures up to -40

How to use PVA glue: Before use, mix the PVA glue thoroughly, clean the surfaces to be glued from dust and dirt. Apply PVA glue with a thin layer on one of the surfaces to be glued, connect to the other and press. Application by brush or roller. The air temperature during application is not lower than +5.

Packing of PVA glue: plastic jars 1 kg, 2 kg, plastic buckets 5 kg, 10 kg, 18 kg, plastic barrels 40 kg.

Precautionary measures: PVA glue is non-toxic, fire and explosion safe. In case of contact with eyes, rinse big amount water.

It is used for gluing products from all types of wood and its derivatives, paper, cardboard, leather, fabrics, rubber, gluing linoleum, carpet, facing tiles. For responsible carpentry and furniture making. It can be used for gluing decorative laminate to fiberboard, chipboard, MDF, etc., as well as to increase the water resistance and increase the strength of concrete, plaster and filler compositions. It is used for gluing paper-based synthetic wall coverings, fiberglass, vinyl and paper wallpapers, cork, serpentine, building nets and bandages.

PVA glue it is easily applied on the materials to be glued, after drying it forms a homogeneous transparent film. Has a high setting speed. Non-toxic, after drying the film does not emit harmful substances. Forms a hard-elastic adhesive seam, the strength exceeding the strength of wood

Consumption: from 200 g/m2 (depending on surface structure)

Film color: transparent colorless

Drying time: 24 hours

Shelf life: 1 year in original packaging at temperatures from +5 to +30

Frost resistance:

Packing of PVA glue: plastic cans 1 kg, 2 kg, plastic buckets 5 kg, 10 kg, 18 kg, plastic barrels 40 kg.

Precautionary measures: PVA glue is non-toxic, fire and explosion safe. In case of contact with eyes, rinse with plenty of water.

Factory of paintwork materials offers to buy PVA glue in Moscow and the Moscow region.

If you need to glue something, first of all remember the most common PVA glue. It is available in every home and office, it is used not only for gluing ordinary paper, but also in construction and industry. And this is due to its simple composition, which allows you to change the application by introducing special additives.

A bit of history

Back in 1912, the German Klatt succeeded in obtaining vinyl acetate from acetylene gas. The new substance became sticky as a result of polymerization. But only before the Second World War, the American Farben established PVA glue.

Four years later, a Korean, conducting independent research, receives vinalone, the basis of which is polyvinyl alcohol. So PVA glue, the price of which is less than many other adhesives, has become widespread throughout the world.

On the territory of the former Soviet Union mass production of PVA began in the early seventies of the twentieth century in the city of Severodonetsk (Lugansk region). Our grandmothers still remember that earlier in schools, at labor lessons, glue with the unusual name “gum arabic” was used to glue paper. And in the difficult post-war years, glue was prepared at home from starch or boiled potatoes.

And now we can’t imagine how you can do without PVA glue.

PVA glue: characteristics

This wonderful and familiar remedy has many valuable properties. Its adhesive power is 450 N/m. Due to its elasticity and uniformity, it is applied in a thin layer, which becomes invisible after drying. Paper glued with PVA can be easily bent, after drying it does not break.

A huge plus is non-toxicity and non-combustibility, which allows it to be used by children in the classroom and at home. The slight smell emitted when using glue is harmless. All types of glue, except PVA-K (clerical), can withstand four times freezing without loss of properties. If necessary, it is diluted with water or other solvents, such as acetone. Drying time depends on the thickness of the layer and does not exceed 24 hours.

Its liquid base allows you to introduce various additives into PVA glue, the composition of which changes in this case. the right side. So new varieties of familiar glue were developed.

Varieties of PVA

Thanks to the additives, the PVA glue has expanded.

We list the main areas of use:

domestic use (gluing stationery paper);
use in repairs (wallpapering, linoleum);
installation of ceramic tiles;
use in construction as additives.

Description of types of glue

Stationery PVA glue, the composition of which does not contain toxic additives, is used for gluing paper, children's creativity. Due to the absence of solvents other than water, it is harmless to children and can be used indoors without hoods.

The most common grade of PVA is universal. It has a wide range of applications. They can glue porcelain, glass and paper. It is added to the primer, putty during the repair of premises in order to enhance the binding properties.

Household PVA is used for wallpapering, thick paper. It is characterized by increased frost resistance.

Super PVA glue has a viscous consistency due to plasticizers, therefore it is used for fixing tiles, plastic, metal. Its main application is the construction industry.

PVA wood glue has increased moisture resistance and is used to connect wooden products.

Another type of popular glue is PVA Moment. It is characterized by its property of instant bonding of surfaces without force, pressing. It can be used for fixing laminate, parquet and other surfaces.

Features of some varieties of PVA

Building PVA is used not only as an independent adhesive, but also as an additive to various building materials. Correct name construction adhesive - polyvinyl acetate homopolymer dispersion. Due to the density of the composition, the construction adhesive is applied with a spatula. And the surfaces to be glued must be thoroughly cleaned of dust and degreased.

PVA glue, the composition of which includes a plasticizer, should not be cooled below zero degrees, otherwise it loses its properties. At the same time, glue that does not contain such additives is able to withstand frost of forty degrees without losing its adhesive properties after defrosting. If a dried film forms on the surface of the adhesive mass, then it must be removed and the mass thoroughly mixed. To prevent the glue from drying out, it is stored in a carefully closed container.

PVA glue: composition

Consider the main components that are added to the adhesive to change its adhesive properties. These raw materials are added at the production stage and are divided into the following groups:

adhesives;
solvents;
plasticizers;
fillers;
hardeners;
stabilizers.

The ratio of the above components and gives required properties different types of glue.

Adhesives, which include starch and resins, give the composition strength when joined.

Acetone, gasoline and others are used as solvents. Strengthening water resistance and heat resistance, they reduce the strength of the adhesive layer. Therefore, the content of solvents in PVA is minimal.

The so-called plasticizers give flexibility. Therefore, PVA can be easily bent without breaking the connection. Plasticizers include glycerin,

To improve the strength of the adhesive mass, fillers are added: kaolin, talc, chalk.

To reduce the period of solidification and hardening, small additives of glass, porcelain or metal are used.

To increase the adhesive, stabilizers are introduced into its composition, which include styrene inhibitors, various nitro compounds.

PVA glue, the price of which depends on the purpose and the availability of certain components, is still recognized as the cheapest and most affordable. costs from 26 rubles per kilogram. It is more suitable for wallpapering. Universal PVA glue brands "Rainbow", "Bolars" will cost more - from 65 rubles per kilogram.

Original ways to use PVA

In addition to the usual ways to use PVA glue for gluing paper or during repairs, craftsmen find more original uses for it.

For example, by combining gouache and PVA, you can paint on canvas or other surfaces. It turns out a wonderful alternative to expensive oil or acrylic paints. Thanks to the glue, gouache fits well on the material and lasts a long time. If you don’t like the result, then everything is easily washed off, and you can start over.

Women use glue for manicure. It can be applied to nails as a base for glitter polish. Due to its non-toxicity, it is harmless to nails and can be easily removed without the use of solvents.

If you apply glue to the cuticle around the nail, then you can not be afraid that the varnish will get on the skin. A strip of glue with varnish residues is instantly removed after drying.

Storage conditions

To store PVA glue, the composition of which is supplemented by volatile solvents, closed containers are used, which are kept at a temperature of five to ten degrees Celsius.

An aqueous dispersion of polyvinyl acetate with plasticizers and special additives is called PVA glue. This mixture is used for gluing different types surfaces: paper, leather, textiles, wood, etc.

Varieties of PVA glue

Household (wallpaper). Used for bonding paper-based products to cement, plaster or wood surfaces.
Building. It is used for gluing paper, vinyl and fiberglass wallpapers. Construction adhesive PVA M can be added to primer composition in order to improve the adhesive and technological qualities of dry building families, putty and plaster compositions.

Universal (MB). Outwardly, it is a viscous homogeneous mass of yellowish or white color. It is used for gluing fabric or paper on wooden, metal and glass surfaces, as well as a component of primers, putties, water-based cement compositions. Universal PVA glue has technical characteristics that allow gluing carpet, linoleum, tiles, synthetic wall coverings on paper base, cork, building nets, vinyl and paper wallpapers, etc. The composition can also be used for gluing paper-laminated decorative plastic for chipboard, fiberboard, MDF.

. With its help, it is possible to glue products made of vapor-permeable materials in cases where there are increased requirements for the strength of the adhesive seam, but it does not require compliance with a special gluing technology and the use of processed products.

Glue PVA M super is used in cladding ceramic tiles, mounting floor coverings, when working with joinery made of wood, chipboard and fiberboard.

Also, this composition is intended for gluing glass, leather, fabric, porcelain products. Outwardly, it is a white or yellowish viscous mass without foreign inclusions. Frost resistance of Super PVA glue is 6 cycles at -40°C.

Stationery (K). It is intended for pasting of a cardboard, paper, photographic paper. The disadvantages of this composition include low resistance to negative temperatures and moisture.
PVA glue extra E. With its help, products made from vapor-permeable materials are glued, for which there are no special requirements regarding the technology of gluing and further operation of products. PVA E extra glue is designed to work with wood, fiberboard, plywood, cardboard, paper, etc. It is used as an additive in putty, plaster, cement compositions in order to increase strength. surfactant adhesive is used to work with fiberglass, vinyl, cork and paper wallpaper, sickle, building grids.
PVA dispersion. It plays the role of an additive for building solutions used in the printing textile, glass, footwear fields, in the production of packaging, water-dispersion paints, household chemicals, for gluing paper, cardboard, wood, etc. Adding this dispersion to solutions increases their adhesion, gives the product plasticity and strength.

PVA glue - specifications

High adhesive ability (must meet the requirements of GOST 18992-80 - 450 N/m).
Frost resistance of the adhesive joint (more than 4 cycles).
Shelf life - an average of 6 months.
Low consumption (100-900 g of composition is required per 1 m 2, depending on the type of work).
Full curing time is 24 hours.
Fire and explosion safety.
High elasticity of a glue seam.
Non-toxic.
Moisture resistance.
When solidified, it does not become too brittle, which makes it possible to work with gaps reaching several millimeters.
The emulsified component is soluble in organic solvents, acetic acid, the mixture itself is partially soluble in water.

Due to its high versatility and affordable cost, the composition is becoming even more popular every year.

For spot application of the dispersion, use a special nozzle or syringe.

The application of the mixture should be carried out from the center to the edges.

To increase the strength of the adhesive bond, the treated surfaces should be pressed tightly against each other. Depending on the type of adhesive, this may be a short-term strong compression or a long-term impact (for example, clamping the material in a vise).

You can get rid of air bubbles under pasted wallpaper if you smooth them with a roller through a clean sheet of paper.

If the composition gets on the front surface of the material, eliminate it with anti-glue.

The speed and quality of gluing surfaces depends on how correctly PVA glue is selected.