How to install a fire alarm yourself. Installation of security and fire alarm systems: installation features and prices

Fire alarm installation is one of the most popular services of the Stroy-TK company, a reliable partner in ensuring your safety at a variety of facilities in Moscow and the region.

The professional approach of our specialists, competent design and installation of fire alarms, high quality and the reliability of the equipment used - all this makes cooperation with the company objectively beneficial in all respects.

We specialize in the installation of almost all types of alarm systems existing today, both standard security fire alarms (OPS) and automatic fire alarms (AFS). All technical equipment is characterized by a high degree of reliability and reliability, so you can always be confident in your own safety.

Why do you need a fire protection system?

The human factor, video surveillance system and individual fire extinguishing equipment are mandatory components of the safety of any room, office, building, etc. However, not always all these measures allow you to quickly respond to the threat of fire or penetration and minimize damage.

Modern technologies allow you to almost instantly identify the source of fire, break-in, etc., notify the relevant services about the threat and take measures to eliminate it. Installation security and fire alarm system, and also its maintenance does not require serious energy consumption, which makes them so popular and convenient.

Functions and tasks of the OPS

Modern security and fire alarm systems are a highly efficient unified system that operates autonomously. Installation of APS (automatic fire alarm) allows you to solve a whole range of security problems separate room or an entire building.

• Fire detection– the system, based on specific criteria, determines the occurrence of a fire.
• Collection of information – OPS collects the necessary data and records the processed information.
• Alarm generation– the system generates signals designed to notify everyone in the building about a fire.
• Turning on fire extinguishing systems– generation of commands for activation automatic means to eliminate fire and smoke.

Elements of security and fire alarm systems

The fire alarm system includes many high-precision instruments and technical means, combined into a single warning system. Depending on the type and purpose, the alarm may include various elements, however, the main functional units can be identified in each of them.

• Control system- this is the “brain” of the OPS, a central computer with specialized software. It is from this control panel that the settings of the entire system are set and its elements are controlled.
• Sensors, detectors and sensors– highly sensitive devices that capture control information various types. They record the fact of a threat (fire, unauthorized entry into the territory, etc.) and transmit the received data to the appropriate nodes.
• Data acquisition and processing equipment– points where primary information from detectors is received.

Turnkey fire alarm installation from Stroy-TK

Installing a warning system is quite a painstaking job, which consists of several stages.

Installation cost

The cost of installing an alarm system consists of several components: the amount of work, the complexity factor, the presence of additional requirements, etc. Of course it's quite simple system alarm system will cost you much less than a comprehensive alarm system with many functionality and options. The final cost of installation work can only be determined after the project has been drawn up.

Prices for installation and installation of fire alarms

For detailed information on installing fire and security alarms, please contact our office by phone

Work on installing a fire alarm system (FSA) is necessarily preceded by several organizational stages. This:

• site inspection;
• compilation terms of reference(TOR) for design;
• development of project documentation.

The purpose of the survey is to determine design features buildings (premises) to determine the type, installation locations of SENSORS and fire alarm devices.

Since the requirements for installing security (OS) and fire (FS) alarms do not coincide, the emphasis during the inspection for each of the systems is different. For example, ceiling height is critical for placement fire fighting equipment, and the material and thickness of the walls are taken into account when installing a security alarm.

The survey requires special knowledge, skills, one article and several days for training in this process are not enough. Nevertheless, in the section on the installation of security systems, the main issues of selection and placement of equipment will be considered.

• Houses;
• in the country;
• in the apartment;
• garage.

Sensors and instruments for all options are, in principle, the same. The difference is in the completeness of the blocking, which means in the reliability of security and timely detection of intrusion.

A specific example: a single motion sensor installed in a room will detect the presence of an intruder in it. But this will happen after he breaks a window or breaks down a door. That is, some time will pass between the beginning of criminal actions and their detection. This is unacceptable for prompt response to an alarm.

By supplementing our system with detectors that respond to a broken window, a breach or the opening of a door, we get a few minutes that can prevent theft. If we are planning to install a simple sound alarm, then it is better to scare off the intruder before he enters the house.

In addition, if it is visible from the outside that the object is equipped with a security system (for example, sensors are installed on the windows), then this can be an effective deterrent.

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In this article we will talk about how it goes correct installation and installation of fire alarms. We would like to note right away that such an installation requires certain knowledge!

For convenience, we have divided the article into the following components:

Correct installation of fire alarms

Then you need to install the equipment, so you need to decide in advance what the complexity of the fire alarm system is. It depends on the level of fire risk in the room, which can be completely different. If the room has a small area, then it is necessary to install non-addressable alarm systems, but if the object has a large area, then it is necessary to install an addressable system. The fact is that address system quickly determines the place where the fire occurred, so it is preferable. You won’t have to spend a lot of time searching for the room where the fire occurred.

The analogue addressable system is the most popular in Lately. All this is due to the fact that special sensors make it possible to find out the temperature change and even the level of smoke in the room. In principle, each fire alarm system provides detailed information about the state of the room, because there are many sensors in the room that have a common connection using loops, which makes it possible to connect to a computer and configure it. If the sensor finds a signal, a light or sound alarm is activated. If the fire alarm has special modules that trigger fire extinguishing, then the control system will definitely activate it.

Features of installing fire alarm sensors

It is recommended to install sensors between places where a fire can start without any problems. For example, in the kitchen while preparing food. Installation in the living room, bedroom, hallway and other places is also recommended. Keep in mind that extra protection never hurts. True, installation in the kitchen requires special installation, because the humidity there is consistently high, so the sensor may work incorrectly. Be sure to install the device as far as possible from batteries and heating devices, fluorescent lamps, vents and so on.

Almost always the sensor fire safety mounted in the ceiling at a distance of 300 mm from lighting fixtures and walls. The wall-mounted model is installed at a distance of 200 mm from the ceiling, so that there are no unfilled air spaces where smoke will stop circulating and the sensor can be activated. If the ceiling has cross beams with a thickness of about 10 centimeters, then the sensor must be fixed to the base and not between the beams. If the beams are thick, if it exceeds 10 centimeters, contact a specialist.

What wires should I use when installing a fire alarm?

Connecting lines with telephone or control wires must have an additional reserve of loops of approximately 10%. You can also connect radial loops directly to the fire apparatus, but only if the information capacity does not exceed 20 loops. But if the alarm is of a ring type, then the end and beginning are connected directly to the terminals that are located in the receiving and control device. Corrugations should not be installed in the box and hose if the wires have extremely high voltage. If the parallel laying has a voltage of about 60 volts, then there should be a distance of approximately 0.5 m to the lighting and power devices. Do not forget that it is advisable to divide the cables into segments and use junction boxes. It is better to carry out installation in accessible location at a suitable height, this especially applies to the device installed at the end of the cable, because it allows visual control during operation.

Fire alarm installation rules

The amount of capacity in the receiving and control devices and the number of loops that are needed to work with fire notifications should be about 10 pieces and 10 percent. Reception and control devices must be mounted on walls, structures and partitions that do not contain flammable materials. Installation of such equipment is quite possible on structures that are made of flammable materials, but only if they are covered with a steel sheet with a thickness of about 1 millimeter or other non-flammable sheet material with a thickness of about 10 millimeters. It is very important that the material protrudes beyond the contour of the mounted equipment by about 10 centimeters.

The room with personnel or a fire station must be located on the ground or first floor of the building. You can design a room above the first floor, but on the condition that the exit will be in the corridor or lobby. Also, the exit should be adjacent to the landing so that there is a quick exit to the outside of the building. The distance from the fire station to the room with personnel who work 24 hours a day must be at least 25 meters. It is very important that the room meets the necessary characteristics:

1. Minimum area 15 square meters, preferably more.


2. Humidity is 80% and temperature is about 18-25 degrees Celsius.


3. Artificial and daylight should be comfortable. Be sure to have emergency lighting.


4. Illumination should be as follows: natural - 100 lux, artificial ( fluorescent lamps) – 150 lux.

How can I get a fire alarm license?

Next, think over a system for monitoring work and determining its quality. Here you will need to provide a copy of the manual for using the devices, a certificate from the manufacturer, where the control forms will be demonstrated, and so on. Forms of control can be output, input and operational. After this, you need to write an application and submit it to the authority that issues the license. When filling out an application, it is very important to take into account Russian legislation in relation to the activities of your organization.

Fire alarm and additional equipment that can record the location of a fire are needed by any organization. You shouldn’t skimp on equipment and maintenance, because if the circumstances go wrong, you can lose absolutely everything.

Fire safety comes first in any home or apartment. Today, when almost all devices operate on electricity, accidental fires in wiring are a fairly common occurrence. Of course, a fire alarm cannot prevent a fire, but it is within its competence to give a signal to the relevant services. Before you go to the store, let's look at what types of fire alarms there are, and what to do if you are sorely short of funds to purchase one?

The purchase of a fire alarm must be taken very responsibly. Remember that the safety of your property in the event of a fire depends on this. Each model has its own advantages and disadvantages, so understanding their characteristics is simply necessary.

The operating principle of all fire alarms is based on two types of sensors:

• smoke sensor;
• heat sensor

Depending on the type of power supply, all systems can operate:

• from an autonomous energy source;
• from a remote monitoring device or circuit.

Depending on their structure, fire systems can be:

Advantages and disadvantages

Depending on what requirements you place on a fire alarm system, the choice of its model will depend. Each product has its own advantages and disadvantages in a given situation, so you will have to focus on your home.

Radial threshold systems

Systems of this class are considered the most budget-friendly, but their installation is expensive. If you have special skills and education, then you can do this yourself and then register the system with special services. If you don’t have such knowledge, you will have to fork out money to invite specialists to install this alarm.

But this is not the only drawback. The very first disadvantage that most consumers encounter is false signals. To avoid this, it is necessary to duplicate sensors, which leads to increased costs.

The next disadvantage of such a system is a certain threshold of operation, while the health of the system practically cannot be controlled by software. If these faults do not manifest themselves at the right time, then they can only be detected by manual checking.

Modular threshold systems

Systems of this class are more advanced. Any breakdown can be tracked on the computer, which will allow you to immediately take action and eliminate the problem.

Disadvantages include the high cost of installation and threshold signal problems, which are typical for the first type of fire alarms.

Addressable polling and analogue systems

Systems of this class have a completely different operating principle. The differences are that all sensors are assembled into one common module, this allows for better verification of the operation of the system. Compare, it is easier to send one signal to all sensors at the same time, or to do this with each element one by one.

But such a system also has its drawbacks. The alarm signal in this design is received with a slight delay, and in the event of a fire not even a second can be lost.

The analog addressable design differs from the addressable interrogation system in the number of sensors. In her case, there could be about 200 of them. This allows you to assess the surrounding situation and transmit data to the control point, which, in turn, identifies a fire threat and transmits the appropriate signal. The malfunction of any sensor is also determined according to this principle, and the system will be fully operational.

Combined security and fire systems

Systems of this class are considered the most expensive devices, allowing you to warn about a fire situation. But such costs are completely justified, since such a design has greater capabilities for solving problems.

Maintenance and installation of such systems are also additional costs, but you get the ability to connect up to 1000 sensors to the fire safety cable, which allows you to justify the cost-effectiveness of the device.

Based on the data presented, we can conclude that regardless of the cost of the device, its installation may cost you many times more. Therefore, consider your financial capabilities when choosing a fire system.

You can see how to connect a fire alarm with your own hands in the video presented.

DIY fire alarm

If you decide to equip your house or apartment with a fire alarm, then the right decision will be its acquisition. But what to do if your financial capabilities do not allow you to buy it, especially when the connection service is not cheap. The only way out of this situation is to make a fire alarm yourself.

By law, you can construct such a device yourself, but it will not interact with the Ministry of Emergency Situations or the police. The alarm will be sent to your phone, and you will be able to send a corresponding message to the fire services.

Sensors

Let's start with the sensors. They are key node fire system, determining its reliability and efficiency. To connect them, it is recommended to use signal two- and multi-core cables in a round winding. Usually they are laid along the walls in such a way as not to spoil appearance premises. Alternatively, they can be hidden under decorative trim.

First of all, pay attention to the reed sensor. To equip an apartment with a fire alarm, reed switch “caps” are suitable, which everyone has probably seen. For the kitchen, it is recommended to use a chip sensor that responds to heat and smoke. If you store valuables or papers in the room, then in their immediate vicinity it is necessary to install full-function sensors with motion detectors.

For equipping a private home, it is recommended to take sensors with motion detectors with a built-in control system installed on the lamp. In addition to scaring away uninvited guests, you yourself will never stumble on an uneven surface in the evening, since the SPU will also provide you with lighting.

Most sensors are equipped with an LED, which is very convenient. You don't have to check every element with a tester if there are system problems. A sensor that is damaged or has become unusable will not light up. A malfunction can be indicated either by the sensor glowing or by its extinguishing. It all depends on the chosen model.

Accommodation

Designed to accommodate fire alarm sensors special norms, which are considered quite liberal. Take a look at the figure below, this is convenient for a specific fire system configuration, but in reality, everything is much more serious.

When placing them on the wall, remember that the distance from them to the ceiling should not be less than 0.2 m. If this rule is ignored, then the sensor ends up in a smoke pocket and reacts, and as a result, you get a false call.

If the ceiling has beams, then the sensors must be installed on their lower edge, and not on the side parts or in the space between the beams. This will also help avoid false signals.

Unfortunately, the sensor cannot control the entire hemisphere, and its sensitivity will depend on the distance between the device and the fire source.

The height of the ceiling affects the monitored area of ​​the sensor, which can be seen from the data presented.

Smoke sensor:

• With a floor-to-ceiling distance of 3.5 m, the controlled area is 85 square meters. m.;
• from 3.5-6 m – the sensor controls up to 70 sq. m.;
• from 6-10 m – up to 65 sq. m.;
• from 10 m – up to 55 sq. m.

Heat sensor:

Connection

To connect the sensors, you must use the instructions for them. The resistor always ends the loop beam. Its value is always indicated in the instructions, but by default its value is 470 Ohms, although in some cases resistors of 680 Ohms or 910 Ohms may be needed. Let's look at a few examples.

In the first case, it is necessary to connect five-terminal IP-212 sensors, which have proven themselves well in a two-wire loop. This can be done based on the proposed scheme.

In the second case, you need to connect conventional sensors with one terminal block. In this case, the wires should enter and exit in a mirror manner to the previous diagram.

In the third case, it is necessary to connect sensors with two terminal blocks. The left block is intended for the cable. And the right block is intended for autonomous activation of the SPU. To understand the connection method, you can use the diagram.

How to turn off the fire alarm

In some cases, the fire alarm may go off falsely. In order not to scare your neighbors with scary sounds, you need to figure out how to turn off the device.

• First, you need to find the reason why the alarm went off. If there is reason for this, there may be excessive smoke in the room, then it must be urgently ventilated.
• Secondly, if the alarm goes off without good reason, then you just need to turn it off. If you have simple design, then it will be enough to remove the power supply from the sensors. If the device is more modernized, you will have to go to the control panel and enter the appropriate code.

As a conclusion, we can say that installing a fire alarm can solve the problem of preserving your property. The main thing is to choose the right model according to your requirements. If the system accidentally goes off and takes you by surprise, and you don’t know how to turn it off, you can use a radical method, cutting the wires to the alarm itself. Of course it's not The best decision, since you will have to make a lot of effort to restore it, but it helps solve the problem.