How to properly cut a log on a band sawmill. How to cut logs on a band sawmill? What are the best log clamps on a band sawmill?

Many craftsmen have developed their own methods of wood processing, many years of experience working with machines and this makes it possible to significantly reduce the process. To obtain high-quality material, saw at band sawmill it is necessary to take into account all factors, observing the rules of operation of the device.

Calculation features

The log is installed in guide rollers and secured in clamps. The amount of material obtained is calculated based on the diameter of the log. Correct calculation of the type and quantity of material also affects its quality.

An experienced sawyer, looking at a log, is already able to determine all the parameters of the future material, immediately find the butt part and the top of the log. The diameter of the butt part is larger than the apex. The thickness of the slab depends on the accuracy of the calculation.

The diameter of the log must be measured from the top. Further actions of the wizard:

There are practically no perfectly straight trunks. Therefore, you need to carefully examine all the bends and bulges.
Turn the log so that the minimum amount of waste in the form of a slab is obtained.
When installing a log, you must make sure it is free movement in the guides.
On the ruler of the sawmill, set the dimension according to the diameter of the log plus the maximum height of the convexity.
The size of the convexity is determined by the difference in the diameter of the butt part and the top.
The size of the highest part is measured with a tape measure, and the measurement of the material dimensions begins from the result obtained.
The master must take into account the cut size of 2–5 mm.

Turning a log

When the remaining height of the log reaches the desired size, it is turned over. If you need to get a beam with a thickness of 150 mm, the sawn width and the remaining height of the log should be slightly larger than this size, taking into account the slab.

When the log is turned over, the remaining height after the cut is made is measured, and the material is calculated until this size is completely used.

Calculation example:

The remaining height of the log after cutting is 270 mm. The goal is to obtain a beam 150 mm thick: 270–150 = 120 mm.
From 120 mm it is necessary to obtain a block of 50 mm: 120–60–3=57 mm. A value of 3 mm is given for the cut.
Tesina 25 mm: 67–25–3=40 mm.
Humper 25 mm: 40–25–3=12 mm.
Croaker 12 mm.

Further production of lumber is achieved by turning the log at an angle of 90 degrees and similar calculations. One of the common mistakes is that the cut allowance is not taken into account or is added more times. The master needs to be careful.

Cutting technology

The sawing technology is selected taking into account the type of wood, the size of the log, design features sawmills.

Quality of source material

The efficiency of cutting depends on the quality of the raw material. First you need to evaluate the wood and sort the logs. Sorting is carried out according to the appearance of the log. Main features:

curvature;
false nucleus volume;
number of knots;
diameter.

The log is divided into 4 equal sides. A clean edge is considered to be one that does not have knots, cracks, rot, scars, chips, or damage from insects. This produces the highest quality lumber.

Logs intended for sawing must be stored according to the requirements. The sooner after cutting a tree a log goes into sawing, the easier it is to work with. When the raw material is dry, the saw may wave, and the thickness of the boards will change. The most valuable wood is on the outside of the log; the quality decreases towards the center.

Sawing methods

During the sawing process, you need to take into account the thickness of the board, compensation for the taper, and the turning of the log. Craftsmen can saw on a band sawmill in three ways.

Simple sawing

The log must be cut to the end to obtain unedged boards, but no turning is carried out. The method is simple and fast, but has disadvantages. The resulting boards must then be cut from the sides.

The lumber comes out of low quality with a lot of waste. The central boards crack easily; the method is suitable for working with low-grade wood.

Circular sawing

Having made a cut, the sawyer turns the log over to the other side, and so on in a circle until the remaining central part. For medium and high grades of wood raw materials, this is the best method, but on separate sawmills it is difficult to turn the log over. Suitable for sawmills with hydraulics.

Sawing timber

The beginning of the cut is made in a circle, and the central part is left in the form of a certain size of timber. Sawing timber ensures maximum productivity of the sawmill; the method is used for sawing medium and low grade logs.

First cut

It is important to select the edge of the wood to be cut to begin processing. When sawing timber and circular processing, craftsmen use 2 methods.

The worst edge must be cut first; the taper of the log is not taken into account. Taking this feature into account means tilting and lifting the log so that the saw works parallel to the bark. From this part will come short boards and a large amount of slab.

Since taper is not taken into account, from the best edge of the log sawing will proceed parallel to the bark without tilting or lifting, this approach will allow you to get a maximum of long boards of good quality.

Start by cutting the best edge of the log, but take into account the taper. That is, install the log so that the saw is directed parallel to the bark.

The result will be the same, but in the second method it is easier for the sawyer to choose the best edge, since it is visible. In the first method, the best part is hidden and there may be inaccuracies when installing the log. If the wood being cut is of high quality, both methods work equally well. With lower quality raw materials it is better to use the second method.

Flipping the log

If the rotation is made 180 degrees, the result will not be edged boards, requiring additional processing from the sides, and then the half-beam is sawn into edged boards.

With a 90-degree turn, unedged and semi-edged boards are obtained with the need for trimming on one side. The 180° flip sawing method will produce more valuable wide boards. But if the edger has only one saw, turning it 90 degrees is convenient.

After cutting the opposite edges, the worst of the remaining ones is cut first, but this option does not take into account the taper. But a high-quality edge must be sawed parallel to the bark, which increases the yield of high-quality lumber.

Common errors and fixes

Craftsmen are aware of a number of situations that negatively affect the material processing process.

When entering the material, the saw jumps up, but after that it works normally, and at the end the power drops. The reason is often a large sharpening angle of the teeth; it must be reduced by 5 degrees.

Entering the wood, the saw rises, then the craftsmen receive a crooked board. The reason is that the sharpening angle exceeds the norm, and the setting is insufficient. It is necessary to increase the sharpening angle by 4–6 degrees, and slightly increase the spread.

After diving, the saw goes smoothly; the sawyer cites several reasons: dullness of the cutting blade, small sharpening angle. If the tooth shape corresponds to the standard, the sharpening angle must be increased.

The saw goes with constant dives. Small sharpening angle with insufficient setting.

There is a large amount of sawdust on the surface of the boards, and the tooth spacing is increased.

Sawdust is hot and compressed - an underestimated divorce.

The cut is obtained in the form of a wave. If the saw is quite sharp, then the setting is insufficient. Settings that are too small sometimes cause the saw blade to break.

The canvas cracks at its trailing edge. The rear stops of the rollers, where the log lies, are located far from the rear edge. The distance must be set to less than 0.3mm.

Rolling sawdust onto the saw blade. The tooth set is small, the set needs to be increased.

Rolling sawdust onto inner surface teeth, there are none on the canvas. Poor sharpening of teeth (high feed speed, excessive metal removal). Additional reasons: the sharpening angle is large, the saw was used after the blade became dull.

After sharpening, the blade cracks at the tooth cavity. The geometry of the tooth is broken or the sharpening stone is carelessly loaded.

Setting up a sawmill

Selection of Coolant Solution

It is incorrect to saw on a band saw using water as a lubricant. It is better not to use lubricant until sawdust has been “rolled” onto the saw. If this happens, the optimal treatment is: 1/2 lubricating oil for chainsaw tires, 1/2 diesel fuel. The mixture is applied on both sides of the saw blade, but the amount of cooling solution is small.

This lubricant will extend the service life of sawmill pulleys and reduce the number of boards with traces of blooming.

Strain relief

The blade heats up during sawing, which causes it to stretch in length. After cooling, the tendency to contract begins. At this moment, overload occurs due to excess tension, and cracks may appear.

The blade remembers the shape of the pulleys; deformation of the pulley belts occurs, which can lead to vibration of the blade. The hump on the belts is jammed, ensuring self-centering of the saw. When stopping sawing, the tension on the saw must be removed.

Band saw routing

The optimal wiring is considered when there is a mixture of 2/3 sawdust and 1/3 air between the saw blade and the wood being cut. If 80% sawdust is ejected, the saw is set correctly.

If there is a lot of loose sawdust on the cut, and there are scratches on the surface of the board, the saw spreads more than is necessary. The saw functions jerkily. If the spread is insufficient, hot sawdust, tightly compressed, will remain on the surface of the boards during the sawing process; this situation has a detrimental effect on the saw. And after cutting the wood, waves will remain on the material.

Before cutting, the logs are sorted by diameter:

For a larger diameter, the spread increases, but it is performed only on 1/3 of the tooth from above.
For soft wood, the spread should be increased; sharpening should be done after preparing the equipment, with obligatory observance of the tooth shape.

The indicator of the divorce device works in a stressful mode and often goes astray, so constant checking is necessary.

Sawing speed

Increasing the sawing speed results in a cleaner cut, but the service life of the saw is reduced. If the quality of the cut decreases, it is necessary to reduce the feed speed. For the initial 5 minutes, the equipment operation indicator should not be more than 1/2 of the maximum value.

Preparing for work

During operation, the sawmill requires adjustment and checking of all its important components. The most significant part of the device is the band saws.

Before starting work you must:

Check that parts and screw connections are securely fastened.
Lubricate rubbing surfaces.
Check the reliability of the grounding.
Turn on the electric motor at idle speed and check how the belt moves.
Check the installation of the band saw, adjusting if necessary.
To reduce the deflection of the saw blade, move the left roller 5–10 cm from the side borders of the tree.
Raise the band saw above the log and check its reverse motion.
Check fastening protective covers saw, gear transmission, wedge repair transmission.

Video: Cutting methods

Is your band sawmill installed and all the necessary settings made? So it’s time to proceed directly to the sawing process itself. In order to obtain truly high-quality material, it is necessary to correctly install the log and secure it with special clamps.

The quality also depends on the correct calculation of the quantity and type of material you want to get from this log.

Having gained further experience, one glance at a log will be enough, and you will already know how much and what kind of material can be obtained from it. Learn to accurately determine where the top is and where the butt part of the log is. The butt part is usually larger in diameter than the apex. And this largely affects the thickness of the slab.

How to calculate a log

So, you have measured the diameter of the log, and it is measured from the top. We calculate the approximate amount of material according to the diameter and proceed to further actions.

Firstly.

We pay attention to all the bends and bulges of the log - a perfectly straight trunk is rare. Therefore, we try to turn it so as to get as little waste as possible from it, such as croaker. When the log is laid and fixed, you should make sure that it passes freely between the guide rollers.

Set the diameter size on the ruler of the sawmill, and to this size add the greatest height of the convexity of the log. This is the bulge that is higher than the diameter of the top or narrowest part of the log.

Using a regular tape measure, measure the height of the highest part, and start counting the dimensions from this size required material, taking into account the cut size, which ranges from 2 to 5 mm.

Secondly.

As soon as the cutting width reaches required size, and the remaining height of the log has reached the desired size, it is turned over. That is, if you cut a beam, for example, at 150, then both the width of the cut and the height of the remaining log should correspond to this value, even be greater, taking into account the removal of the slab.

To do this, after turning the log over, start calculating from the final size until the full height of the log is used, but do not forget to take into account the size of the cut, which, as we already know, ranges from 2 to 5 mm.

For example, you have a log on your overpass that you have cut to a size of 260 mm. Let's turn the log over and continue.

The final result we want to achieve is a carriage with a thickness of 150 mm. Next, in a simple way, calculate that 260 mm-150 mm = 110 mm. We get as much as 110mm of extra material thickness. And it is precisely this that needs to be calculated correctly.

We take this additional size and calculate it to get the block, which has a size of 50 mm, 110-50 = 60, don’t forget the cut, and ours is 2 mm, 60-2 = 58 mm, then the plank, equal to 25 mm, 58 -25-2=31 mm, hump 20 mm, 31-20-2=9 mm.

As you can see, from our calculations, we get 9 mm slab, 20 mm slab, 25 mm gorge and 50 mm block. And the final size will be 150 mm.

Possible mistakes

As you can see, there is nothing complicated here. Often, inexperienced sawmills make mistakes in calculations when they start counting from zero. For example, if the final size of the material is 150 mm, then there is no need to add 2 mm to it for the cut, otherwise it will be 150 + 2 = 152. There should not be such an error, the cut is calculated only between the material, for example, 50 mm board and 150 mm carriage, we get it as described above, 150 + 50 + 2 = 202 mm.

If it is necessary to obtain edged material, we turn the log 90 degrees and perform the same manipulations as described above.

So you have cut your first log, look at the quality of the material and the accuracy of the dimensions. Make sure your calculations are correct. The main mistake When making calculations, it happens that they forget to take into account the size of the cut. Try to take this fact into account. And don't make such mistakes.

In the future, when you gain experience, the calculation will happen automatically in your head; it will be enough to look at the log.

We are sure that everything will work out for you, we wish you success in your work.

How to properly cut a log on a band sawmill

Is your band sawmill installed and all the necessary settings made? This means it’s time to proceed directly to the sawing process itself. In order to obtain truly high-quality material, you need to correctly install the log and secure it with special clamps.

The quality also depends on the correct calculation of the quantity and type of material you want to get from this log.

How to calculate a log

So, you have measured the diameter of the log, and it is measured from the top. We calculate the approximate amount of material according to the diameter and proceed to further actions.

Firstly.

Using a regular tape measure, measure the height of the highest part, and from this size you begin counting the dimensions of the required material, taking into account the size of the cut, which ranges from 2 to 5 mm.

Secondly.

As soon as the width of the cut reaches the required size, and the remaining height of the log has reached the desired size, it is turned over. That is, if you cut a beam, for example, at 150, then both the width of the cut and the height of the remaining log should correspond to this value, even be greater, taking into account the removal of the slab.

For example, you have a log on your overpass that you have cut to a size of 260 mm. Let's turn the log over and continue.

As you can see, from our calculations, we get 9 mm slab, 20 mm slab, 25 mm gorge and 50 mm block. And the final size will be 150 mm.

Possible mistakes

If it is necessary to obtain edged material, we turn the log 90 degrees and perform the same manipulations as described above.

So you have cut your first log, look at the quality of the material and the accuracy of the dimensions. Make sure your calculations are correct. The main mistake when making calculations is that they forget to take into account the size of the cut. Try to take this fact into account. And don't make such mistakes.

In the future, when you gain experience, the calculation will happen automatically in your head; it will be enough to look at the log.

We are sure that everything will work out for you, we wish you success in your work.

moyapodsobka.ru

How to use a ruler on a band sawmill

Hello dear readers and subscribers of Andrey Noak’s blog. In this article I will tell you how to use a ruler on a band sawmill, and also tell you useful tips professionals.

The band sawmill allows you to cut lumber into slats, beams and boards to specified sizes. The sawing process occurs due to the movement of the frame with the cutting device along fixed guides.

My books

As many blog readers already know, I periodically release some useful and goodies, so this time I wrote something like this e-book!

Work with technical specifications for the sale of lumber, for example, in winter a third grade appeared in our country, and in the summer (during the season) it disappeared and turned into the first grade;

In order for sawing at the sawmill to proceed without any problems or complaints, you should pay attention to the following factors that may arise during the work process:

Uniform feeding speed of material during operation;
Correct blade shape;
Carrying out the correct layout of the saw;
Do not allow resinous substances to stick to the canvas;
Watch the saw teeth.

Measures to increase the service life of a band sawmill

For sharpening, use a specialized tool;
During work, monitor the tension of the saw, monitor the width of the cut, the speed of material supply, the quality and cleanliness of the cut;
If possible, use logs (lumber) from 40 to 70 cm in diameter. Such a log is easy to position on the frame. When cutting there is an optimal yield of the finished material;
Select the correct tooth profile for the wood being processed. This will reduce saw wear and increase the speed and quality of the equipment;
Measure the moisture content of the material and only then select the tooth pattern and select the correct cutting speed;
Application of debarkers. They, in turn, will process the upper surface of the log before sawing. This equipment will prevent sand, dirt and small stones from getting on the cutting part of the machine;
Pay attention to the tension of the tape. This will lead to optimization of sawing speeds, quality of processing and will allow timely detection of wear of equipment parts;
Check the belts both before and during operation of the machine for wear. If there is high wear on the drive belt, an unfavorable situation will arise when the belt comes into contact with the pulley. This will damage the saw;
Make sure that no sawdust accumulates on the belts. This will lead to vibration, which in turn will affect the operation of the equipment;
The log should be fed as quickly as possible. Reducing the feed speed will cause the saw to move in idle mode. This will lead to decreased performance and increased saw wear;
During operation, monitor the equipment, the condition of the bed, adjust pulleys and rollers. Carry out all work according to the recommendations. Do not violate safety rules while working.

Application of electronic ruler

How to use a ruler on a band sawmill? The measuring tool will reduce the time for cutting logs. No need to count and estimate sizes. The ruler is easily attached to the machine. Operator productivity increases and there is no need to bother with mathematical calculations.

Types of line execution:

Wooden;
Metal;
Sticker;
Electronic.

There is a graduation on the ruler, which allows you to know the thickness of the board taking into account the cut.

Electronic ruler compared to wooden version, is an expensive tool. An electronic saw control unit is used as a scale. The principle is simple. Set the board thickness parameters and start. Operations are carried out automatically. I will describe in more detail how it all works in a new article.

Video on the topic

Andrey Noak was with you. Visit my blog and stay updated on all events. Subscribe to updates and invite your friends to read my tips. Good luck and see you again!

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Sawing logs on a band sawmill: tables, diagrams

To process logs on a band sawmill, it is necessary to adhere to the accepted technology. In this way you can get the maximum amount quality materials- boards and timber. But first you should familiarize yourself with the basic cutting rules.

Types of wood cutting

Log cutting diagram

At the first stage, a carriage is formed from a log. To do this, cuts are made on both sides of it. In some cases, processing is performed on four sides. A map is drawn up in advance band sawing blank on which the dimensions of the components are indicated.

The determining parameter when choosing a scheme is the direction of processing of the log. In particular, the movement of the cutting edge relative to the annual rings. According to this, lumber of various qualities is formed, with a unique appearance. Not only their aesthetic qualities, but also their price depend on this.

The following types of cuts are distinguished:

tangential. The cut is made tangentially to the annual rings. As a result, oblong patterns in the form of arches and rings are formed on the surface;
radial. To perform it, perpendicular processing along the annual rings is necessary. A special feature is the uniform pattern;
transverse. Processing occurs across the fibers, the cut pattern is an even cut of annual rings;
rustic. Can be made at any angle, contains a certain number of knots, sapwood or other similar defects.

The woodworking industry often uses waste from band sawing logs - slabs. On one side there is a flat plane, and the other remains unprocessed.

To create the most accurate cutting, it is recommended to use special programs. They take into account not only the dimensions of the source material, but also the type of wood.

Sawing on a sawmill with log rotation 180°

Cutting map with 180° rotation

To form maximum quantity boards, it is recommended to use technology in which some processes belt processing rotate 180°. This allows you to achieve the maximum amount of lumber with various types cuts.

The principle of processing is to make initial cuts along the edges of the log, located at an angle of 90° relative to each other. They will serve as the basis for further tape cutting. Work is carried out on equipment with vertical arrangement cutting elements. The diameter of the trunk must be at least 26 centimeters.

Step-by-step order of work.

Processing the side with the cut-off edge. The result is two boards.
Rotate the workpiece by 90°. The cut is made from the opposite part. The number of products varies from 3 to 4.
Repeated turn 90°. The main part of the source material is processed. Depending on what you plan, you may end up with 7-8 pieces.

Despite all its positive qualities, this method has one significant drawback - low production speed. It is recommended to use it on equipment that has a block for automatically changing the position of the log relative to the cutting part of the machine.

The detailed diagram is most often used for the production of rustic boards, which have lower quality requirements.

Sawing on a sawmill with log rotation 90°

Types of sawing

For the manufacture of tangential and radial boards, it is recommended to use a different technique. It consists of systematic strip processing of logs with simultaneous analysis of defects. In this way, products of the required quality can be obtained.

After delimbing, the workpiece is placed on the feed bed of the sawing machine. Then you need to complete the following steps.

Removing the primary slab. This is carried out until the width of the base is 110-115 mm.
Removal of unedged boards approximately 28 mm thick.
If the number of defects on the surface exceeds the required level, the material is rotated 90°. If the quality of the board is sufficiently high, the next one is cut.
Repeating the operation.

A similar technique is applicable for processing units that have one cutting surface or have the function of temporarily dismantling the rest.

If there is a sufficiently large number of defects, you can not put the workpiece aside, but rather process it by turning it 180°.

The above-described strip processing technique can be used to create any configuration of wooden products. Often the core area is used to form timber, and the remaining parts are used to make boards. But there may be exceptions - it all depends on the required shape of the blanks.

The quality of work is affected by the current state of the sawmill, the level of sharpening of the saws and the processing speed. These factors must be taken into account before starting production process. If necessary, preventive maintenance or repair of equipment is carried out.

Log cutting table

The video shows the technique of sawing logs on a homemade band sawmill:

stanokgid.ru

video instructions for DIY installation, how to correctly cut wood in half, lengthwise, radial method, machine, calculation, diagram, photo and price

All photos from the article

Sawn logs are boards, beams, veneer and other wooden building materials known to us. The task of competent and efficient sawing of trunks is extremely important when logging independently or industrially; in addition, knowledge of the basics will help you choose the right lumber.

We will look at the main points regarding this topic and tell you how to properly cut a log on a band sawmill.

Cutting logs on a band sawmill is considered the most effective.

Log sawing

The main task

The photo shows a corner sawmill.

In the old days, entire tree trunks were used to build houses and other structures, from which so-called log houses were assembled. However, cylindrical cone-shaped parts are not best suited for construction, so they began to make boards and beams from logs.

The proportion of solid logs used in construction is vanishingly small, so the logger must master the art of sawing the forest into boards and timber, otherwise he will go broke. This skill will also be useful for those who decide to do the preparation themselves for the needs of private construction.

The wood is used primarily in the form of planks.

So, we are faced with the task of turning an ordinary log into the maximum amount of high-quality useful lumber at minimum costs energy, time and raw materials. That is, we must find a way in which efficiency will be maximum and costs will be minimal.

Here it should be said right away that the solution does not come down to solving a geometric puzzle; in practice, everything is much more complicated. Wood is a heterogeneous material, so the result is influenced by a large number of nuances and subtleties, which we will discuss in more detail in the following chapters.

The heterogeneity of the wood structure complicates the task of sawing it.

Important! The task of sawing is to obtain the maximum amount of high-quality lumber at minimum costs per unit of time.

Cutting methods

Special equipment will help you understand how to cut a log lengthwise.

As already mentioned, the correct calculation of cutting a log should take into account not only geometric parameters and cutting, but also the heterogeneity of the structure of the material.

The fact is that wood exhibits its properties differently depending on the orientation of the annual rings (layers): the processes of warping and deformation during drying are most clearly manifested along the layer, when the plane of the board coincides with the plane of the annual ring.

Not only beauty, but also quality depends on the cutting method.

To understand how to cut a log correctly, you should know the basic cutting methods:

The radial method is considered the highest quality and is distinguished by the fact that the annual lines at the end of the board form an angle of 76 - 90˚ relative to its plane, and the cut line passes through the core of the trunk like a radius. The result is a board that is fairly uniform in color and texture, which practically does not swell when moistened and does not deform when dried. Radial cut lumber is considered the highest quality, its price is the highest;
The tangential method, on the contrary, is the least preferable and is distinguished by the fact that the lines of the annual rings run almost parallel to the plane of the board or tangentially. The coefficients of swelling from moisture and shrinkage in the case of tangentially sawn boards are approximately two times higher than with radial sawing. In general, such boards are less durable and of lower quality, but at the same time they can have a very beautiful fiber pattern;
The rustic method is something in between - the angle of inclination of the annual lines in relation to the plane of the product is in the range of 45 - 76˚. This group also includes a mixed type of cutting, which may contain elements of arcs, both during tangential sawing, and inclined and even perpendicular lines. In properties, these groups are a cross between the radial and tangential groups;
Central cut. It is made in the center of the trunk and includes its core. Such boards are considered the least durable and most heterogeneous of all of these.

Methods for sawing logs.

Important! Most construction lumber is produced by rustic sawing, and there is also quite a lot of tangential lumber. When purchasing, you can easily distinguish them by eye.

Sawing schemes

You should decide on a work plan in advance.

One of the most important tasks of the sawyer is to choose the most rational cutting scheme. The compliance of materials with the goals set, the amount of output per unit volume of forest and, as a result, the profit of the enterprise will depend on this.

The master must have impressive experience and a special flair for the material in order to determine in advance the order of work, where to start and how exactly to act in the process. Such a skill comes only with time as a result of long work at the sawmill.

There are three standard circuits sawing logs:

Sawing diagram	Peculiarities
Circular	After removing the first slab, the log is turned over 180˚ and placed on the resulting edge. Then during the process it is turned over 180˚ or 90˚ more times, usually at least five turns are practiced. This is the most rational and economically beneficial method, however, in the absence of mechanisms for turning over when using manual labor resulting performance may be reduced
Simple (end-to-end)	The log is sawed to the middle, then turned 180˚ and sawed to the end. The scheme is as quick and simple as possible, but the boards are unedged, heavy and subject to maximum warping. Used for low-quality raw materials, for which the listed disadvantages are not so important
Sawing timber	The process resembles circular work with the difference that the central part of the log is left in the form of timber 25x25, 18x23, etc. Next, the core is transferred for further processing in the production line or sold in the form of timber. This method is considered productive and is used in industry when processing raw materials of medium and low quality.

Scheme for sawing logs on a band sawmill with step-by-step instructions.

Important! The cutting scheme is selected in accordance with the quality of the raw material, the purpose of the board and the capabilities of the equipment.

Sawing tool

Modern band sawmill.

Logging is carried out using a special tool. For normal work by today's standards, you need a special machine for cutting logs with your own hands, which is called a sawmill.

There are two types of sawmills: disk and belt. Circular saws use circular saws and are considered less efficient, as they have a larger cutting thickness (from 6 to 9 mm), less accuracy and depth.

Disc sawmill.

The band sawmill is equipped with a different system: the saw is a band mounted on rotating rollers. The cutting thickness is approximately 1.5 – 3 mm, which is quite economical in terms of waste to chips.

Modern models are distinguished by high accuracy and productivity; they are automated and have a tilting mechanism for lifting and turning logs in the case of circular sawing or sawing timber.

Using a chainsaw, you can only cut a log in half, but if you use a special frame, you can cut the log into boards right in the forest.

Working with a frame and a chainsaw.

Important! The band sawmill is considered the most efficient and cost-effective.

Conclusion

Sawing logs is considered one of the most difficult and important tasks in logging and lumber production. The quality of the product and the income of the enterprise depend on the chosen scheme, well-designed work order and preparation of the tool.

The video in this article will tell you about the types of sawmills and methods of cutting wood.

rubankom.com

How to learn to saw on a band sawmill

Wood has long been in great demand among people. Houses were built from it and fortifications were erected. This substance is still in great demand today not only for construction purposes, but also as a decorative material.

There is a huge number of wood products that are produced mainly at sawmills. You can purchase such products on the manufacturer’s website skvagena.com.ua.

Let's start getting acquainted

The band sawmill is a rather complex mechanism consisting of several parts:

the frame of the sawmill on which all its components are located;
base for placing the tree in a horizontal position.

In order to start working with this type of sawmill, you first need:

1Familiarize yourself with all the main parts of the mechanism and study the principle of their operation.
Learn how to change the saw and start the device.
Gain skills in adjusting the position of the tape relative to the horizontal plane. This factor is very important, since the size of the product obtained in the future depends on it.

It is advisable to begin work under the supervision of a person who has extensive experience in performing this procedure.

Cutting process

After you have learned how to turn on, configure and change some components of the system, you can start cutting. It is very important to understand how best to position the log and how to fasten it.

To do this, consult a specialist and let him give you instructions, where you will see all the nuances step by step. Before starting the saw, be sure to check the tension of the belt, as well as the level of its sharpening.

The quality of the resulting board depends on these parameters. The first few times, make the cut under the supervision of a specialist who will tell you all the nuances, since there are quite a lot of them and it is difficult to remember them the first time.

When cutting, the saw should enter the tree smoothly and without much pressure, as otherwise this may lead to its breakage. Carry out the cut carefully, without sudden movements.

Remember that the quality of the products depends on the sharpening and setting of the teeth of the tape, correct location it on the machine and the location of the log on the frame. When performing such work, it is imperative to follow all safety rules so as not to injure yourself and other workshop workers.

You need to use only serviceable products for these purposes, and the sawing process at the very beginning should be supervised by a specialist who will teach you all the intricacies. You can watch the process in this video:

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We learn to saw correctly on a sawmill. Rules for working at a sawmill.

Rules for cutting with a band saw.

Every owner of a band sawmill naturally counts primarily on two things: excellent work, that is, high cutting accuracy, and a long service life of the band saw. Band cutting saw - this is quality, high performance over a long period of operation. At the right approach This is quite possible; moreover, this is something we should strive for.

First, you need to correctly assess your needs and choose the right band saw for your sawmill.

Secondly, as a rule, the reason for the low performance of a band saw is its improper preparation and operation.

To ensure smooth band saw cutting, do not ignore factors such as:

Reducing the feed speed when sawing;

Irregular blade shape;

Resin sticking to the canvas;

A defect in the setting of the teeth, when the bend line of the tooth is located too low and passes along the saw blade, as a result, a wave appears, the feed speed is forced to decrease, and, as a result, premature wear of the saw occurs.

You can increase the strength of the band saw blade and, therefore, the period of its operation, if:

1) use special sharpening devices;

2) during the sawing process, it is necessary to control the tension of the saw, the width of the cut, the feed speed, the quality and cleanliness of the material being cut;

3) if possible, use logs of large (40-70 cm) diameter, it is easier to position them on the machine bed, and when cutting them, the optimal amount is obtained finished products;

4) select the tooth profile depending on the characteristics of the wood - this improves the quality and speed of sawing, reducing saw wear;

5) select the tooth setting and cutting speed depending on the moisture content of the material;
6) whenever possible, use cleaned logs for sawing, since dirt, sand, and stones irreversibly damage the blade. Use debarkers, which remove the top outer layer of the log before the saw enters the wood;

7) monitor the tension of the band saw. Sufficient tension is important to optimize sawing speed and quality, and to prevent wear on the saw;

8) monitor the condition of the belts on the pulleys; if the belts are highly worn, contact between the band saw blade and the pulley is possible, leading to the rupture of the saw 9) do not allow sawdust to accumulate on the belts and between the belt and the pulley - the vibration that occurs for this reason wears out the saw;

10) the log feeding speed should be as high as possible. Reducing the speed is fraught with the fact that the band saw moves idle, productivity decreases and the saw blade wears out;

11) high-quality cutting with a band saw is ensured by the machine settings, the condition of the bed, and periodic adjustment of pulleys and rollers (according to the manufacturer’s recommendations).

Many operators, especially those who lack the necessary experience, encounter difficulties when sawing frozen wood with bandsaws. It is especially unpleasant if the wood is not completely frozen, and there are unfrozen areas in the log, i.e. different densities.

Meanwhile, the problem is being solved.

And yet, how to saw frozen wood on a band sawmill. Much, when sawing with band saws, depends on the correct selection and preparation of the band saw, much depends on the geometry of the tooth.

Firstly, saws designed specifically for sawing hard and frozen wood are very effective in this case (for example, Wood-Mizer wood band saws with a 4/32 profile, or “winter” profile saws 9/29)

Secondly, pay attention to the tooth alignment. When working with frozen logs, it makes sense to reduce it to 15-18 or even less, to 12-14.

The performance of a band sawmill is usually influenced by an individual combination of various factors, so if this is your first time working with frozen wood, it is advisable to experiment. Using three saws, make three settings: recommended, smaller, and even smaller. Work with all three saws, evaluate the result and then use the optimal layout.

How to work correctly on band sawmills

Advice from professionals

1. GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE MACHINE

The horizontal band saw machine is used for sawing wood of any hardness into boards, beams, and slats. Sawing occurs by moving the saw frame with the cutting tool (band saw) along the fixed rail guides of the band sawmill.

The use of a band sawmill allows you to:

produce boards with high surface quality from the material

get a board with an accuracy of 2 mm. with a length of 6 m;

band sawmill allows you to reduce waste by 2-3 times,

reduce energy costs;

quickly adjust the sawing size,

The band sawmill is capable of sawing short workpieces (from 1.0 meters) and producing products up to 2 millimeters thick.

The band sawmill operates under UHL 4 conditions (GOST 15150-69). The band sawmill is equipped with an electromechanical saw unit lift.

2. “Band sawmills” - operation and design:

2.1 Main components and parts of the band sawmill:

A bed that moves along rail guides in a horizontal direction;

Saw frame;

Saw frame lifting mechanism;

Electrical cabinet;

Log clamp;

Movable slider of the driven pulley;

Drive pulley;

Driven pulley;

V-belt drive;

Rail guides for band sawmill;

Band saw tensioning mechanism;

Band saw mounting connector;

Band sawmill pulley housing

Coolant reservoir

Fixed saw guide

Saw guide is movable

The bed of the band sawmill has a U-shape and soles with rollers for moving the saw frame along the rails and felt brushes that clean the guide from sawdust. The saw frame is lifted by two sliders located on the bed posts. The movement is carried out by a two-way, synchronously connected chain transmission, driven by an electric motor, through a gearbox.

The frame is made of two channels, which are located parallel and connected to each other. The driving saw pulley is fixedly fixed on one end of the frame, and the driven one, which has the ability to move longitudinally, is fixed on the other. The saw blade of the band sawmill is tensioned by a spring-screw mechanism, the spring dampens the thermal expansion of the saw band. When making a band sawmill, the tension is calibrated for a saw 35 centimeters wide. The risks on the tensioner body and washer are equal to a tension force of 525 kilograms. In the front beam of the band sawmill and on the slider of the driven pulley there are two locks for removing and installing the saw blade. On the brackets located in the middle of the frame there are two band saw guides (movable and fixed), which are equipped with support rollers and an adjustment system and bar. Torque is transmitted from the sawmill engine to the drive pulley by a V-belt drive. The coolant reservoir is mounted on top of the saw blade protection. The liquid supply is regulated by taps located on the tank. The control panel for the band sawmill is located on the top crossbar of the machine.

The guides are collapsible from 3 sections, which is convenient for transportation. At the bottom there are support plates into which the anchor bolts. On top of the guides of the band sawmill there are log supports. The log is fixed on the rail guides with four screw clamps and a stop that provides 90 degrees.
3. ADJUSTING THE SAW PULLEYS

3.1. The machine provides for adjustment of the position of both pulleys in relation to each other in the horizontal and vertical planes. It is necessary to ensure that the band saw with a tension of 6-8 kg/mm2. in cross-section, one branch did not come off the rims of the saw pulleys.

3.2. First of all, the pulleys are adjusted in the vertical plane, setting them at right angles to the saw frame. To do this, on the slider of the driven pulley, a bolt Ml0 is screwed from below to its axis, and on the drive pulley, adjustment is carried out by installing spacer washers or plates. This operation is carried out by the manufacturer.

3.3 To regulate the position of the horizontal plane saw pulleys, two bolts Ml2 are screwed into the ends of the frame from the side of the driving pulley, and one bolt is screwed into the axis of the driven pulley.

It is necessary to adjust the pulleys of the band sawmill in the following sequence:

3.3.1 Turn off the power supply circuit breaker on the control panel.

3.3.2 Open the protective covers of the saw pulleys.

3.3.3 Place the band saw on the pulleys so that it protrudes beyond the edges of the pulleys by the height of the tooth plus 2-5 mm.

3.3.4 Close the movable connectors (locks).

3.3.5 Tension the band saw by turning the tension mechanism nut to the optimal value for this type of band saw (at the rate of 6-8 kg/mm2).

3.3.6. By rotating the driven pulley with your hand as you cut (counterclockwise), you need to see what position the band saw will take on the pulleys. If the belt runs outward by an equal amount from both pulleys, then, without weakening the tension of the saw, release the lock nut Ml6, which secures the axis of the driven pulley to the saw frame (saw frame slide).

3.3.7 Then loosen the M12 lock nut and screw in the Ml2 bolt a small amount, then tighten the M12 lock nut and M16 lock nut.

3.3.8 Repeat point 3.3.6 and if the tape runs out, repeat the adjustment until the correct result is obtained.

3.3.9 If the tape runs inward by an even amount, then it is necessary to loosen the tension of the band saw.

3.3.10. Loosen the lock nut Ml6, the lock nut M12 and unscrew the M12 bolt a small amount, then tighten the M12 and M16 nuts.

3.3.11 If the tape has taken the position according to the instructions, then the adjustment has been performed correctly.

3.3.12 If the band saw immediately runs away from the drive pulley when rotating, then adjustment should begin with it.

3.3.13 To do this, depending on the direction of the belt running (outward or inward), loosen the left or right lock nuts Ml6 and make adjustments in the same sequence as on the driven pulley.

3.3.14 After adjustment, tighten all nuts.

3.3.15 Close the doors of the saw pulley housings.

3.3.16 Turn on the automatic power supply. energy on the control panel.

3.3.17 Briefly turn on the drive of the saw pulleys and make sure that the saw blade is in the correct position. The machine is ready for use.

4. REQUIREMENTS FOR SAW BLADES

1. During the operation of the band sawmill, to increase the service life of the band saw, it is necessary to properly tension it on the pulleys.

1.1 The amount of tension, depending on its width, is determined using a “Tensometer” device.

1.2 Attention! The band saw should not be in operation for more than 2 hours. After this time, it must be removed from the machine and hung freely for at least 24 hours to relieve fatigue stress.

2 Use the correct lubricant for the band saw blade.

In most cases, simply water or water with the addition of detergent(“Fairy”, etc.). However, when low temperatures it is best to use a mixture of 50%-80% diesel fuel or kerosene and 50%-20% motor oil, or oils for lubricating chainsaw tires. Good results when sawing coniferous species The use of turpentine also gives.

If water is used as a coolant, it is necessary to wipe the pulleys and belt with oil after completion of work.

3. Always loosen the band saw tension.

When you are finished, release the tension from the saw. During operation, the blades heat up and stretch, and then as they cool, they contract by tenths of a millimeter during each cooling period.” Therefore, belts left on pulleys under load overload themselves and develop an imprint from the two pulleys, which causes cracks to appear in the spaces between the teeth.

4. Use proper divorce teeth

The alignment is correct if in the space between the saw blade and the wood being processed you have 65-70% sawdust and 30-35% air. If your tooth set is too wide for the weight or thickness of the wood available, there will be too much air and not enough sawdust in the cut. You will have excessively large losses due to sawdust, and as a result, greater roughness of the processed wood. If the clearance is insufficient, you will not get a strong enough air flow to remove sawdust from the cut. A sign of this is hot sawdust. This can cause the most devastating damage to the saw: operating intervals will be short and the saw will fail prematurely. The sawdust should be cool to the touch. And finally, if the cut is insufficient and the sharpening angle is incorrect, the saw will cut a wave on the board. From our point of view, you cannot work with the same tooth set with logs different diameters, timber and timber.

You must sort the timber.

For every 20-25 centimeters increase in size, it is necessary to increase the wiring by approximately 18%, depending on whether the wood is hard or soft, wet or dry. The only way achieve the desired layout - carry out test cuts of a certain log. Increase the setting by 5-8 hundredths of a millimeter on each side until tooth marks become visible. This means that you are working with a 50/50 mixture of air and sawdust. After this, reduce the tooth set by 8-10 hundredths on each side, and you will achieve the desired result. Please note: You should only spread the top eighth of the tooth, not the middle or bottom. You don't want the gap between the teeth to be completely filled when sawing. When you work with soft wood, whether it's wet or dry, the chips will expand to 4 to 7 times their original size. cellular level. Hardwoods, wet or dry, only expand 1/2 to 3 times in volume. This means that if you are sawing 45cm pine logs, you will need to set the teeth 20% wider than when cutting 45cm oak logs. Always space your teeth before sharpening.

5. Sharpen your saw correctly.

There is only one way to sharpen band saw blades. The stone should travel down the surface of the tooth, around the base of the cavity between the teeth, and up along the back of the tooth in one continuous motion.

The space between the teeth (gallette) is not a sawdust bin. The power flow of air, cooling of steel and removal of sawdust depend on it.

If you have the correct teeth set, air is supplied along the log at the same speed as the saw, as a result of which sawdust is sucked into the gallet. The sawdust cools it significantly as it passes around the inside and outside of the next tooth. It is necessary that the space between the teeth be filled by 40%, which will ensure required cooling and will increase the operating time of the saw.

6. Set the correct sharpening angle.

Thanks to the deep gallets, we can use reduced sharpening angles, which transfer less heat to the tip of the tooth. The tape series uses a 10 degree hook angle that is capable of penetrating most medium hard to medium soft wood surfaces.

The general rule is this: the harder the wood, the smaller the sharpening angle.

Warning: Do not trust the scales and measuring rulers on your sharpening machine!

The pins and guides on it wear out. During the work, the profile of the stone changes.

To check the correct sharpening angles, use a protractor. Attention; we recommend changing saw blades every two hours continuous operation, giving them a rest for at least a day.

During the operation of the machine there is a need to regulate individual components in order to restore their normal operation.

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How to saw on a band sawmill

A band sawmill is a machine that produces boards and beams from wood that meet technical standards.

Choose high quality machine for these purposes you can visit the website http://www.enerteh.ru/catalog/lenpil/.

Nuances of work

To long time use a band sawmill for quality work, it is necessary to choose a band saw depending on your goals and use it correctly.

When working with a band saw, you cannot ignore such points as:

damage to the tooth alignment;
accumulation of resin on the saw;
blade curvature;
slowing down the feed when sawing.

A band sawmill is a machine whose operation is based on passing the saw blade through wood material, therefore, the quality of work on it depends 9/10 on the correct fulfillment of the requirements for servicing the band saw.

To do this you need:

Feed the log at the highest speed to prevent idling of the saw, leading to its wear.
Clean the belts from sawdust in a timely manner to block vibration.
Monitor machine settings.
Adjust tension saw blade.
Select material for processing that is free of debris and contaminants.
Adjust the tooth alignment according to the moisture content of the wood.
It is better to work with large radius logs.
Use the necessary sharpening tools.

The main points in the operation of the saw:

tooth height;
tooth setting;
toe angle;
sharpness of the tooth.

The saw must be correctly installed on the pulleys. The belts on the pulleys must be of the correct thickness to increase the service life of the saw.

To make work go faster, it is important that the roller guides are located in the desired position. With this help, the saw blade will be firmly fixed when cutting and its productivity will increase.

For high-quality operation of the band sawmill, it is necessary to abandon the use of water as a lubricant. To do this, it is better to take ½ diesel fuel and ½ oil for lubricating chainsaws.

This solution should be sprayed on both sides of the saw blade. The quality of the saw will improve, and the amount of wood bloom will decrease.

For long-term operation of a band sawmill, it is necessary to monitor the saw layout, use a tooth shape specially created for high-quality work, and promptly carry out technical inspection and maintenance of the machine.

How to saw on a band sawmill Taiga T1b:

Wood as a product is very valuable. Wooden products are all around you. However, before becoming a table, cabinet or bench on the street, wood must go through a long process of processing. Wood materials - boards, beams, bars, are obtained by sawing. It is this work of the band sawmill that is most important.

Frozen wood - how to saw on a band sawmill?

And yet, how to saw frozen wood on a band sawmill. Much, when sawing with band saws, depends on the correct selection and preparation of the band saw, much depends on the geometry of the tooth.

Firstly, saws designed specifically for sawing hard and frozen wood are very effective in this case (for example, Wood-Mizer wood band saws with a 4/32 profile, or “winter” profile saws 9/29)
Secondly, pay attention to the tooth alignment. When working with frozen logs, it makes sense to reduce it to 15-18 or even less, to 12-14.

Operation of the saw blade of a band sawmill.

When using a saw blade for the first time, it is recommended to sharpen the saw after about an hour and a half of use. This sharpening should be done in three passes through grinder. The first passage plays the role of an introductory passage, the second has a leveling function, and the third passage has a nursing function. This procedure will serve to eliminate microcracks on the surface being sharpened. After sharpening, experts advise hanging the saw for six to eight hours so that it can rest.
To avoid overheating of the saw blade, as well as to avoid excessive fatigue, it is best to work with it for one to three hours (the time depends on the type of saw), then sharpen it, and then leave the saw blade to rest for approximately 12 hours.

In the process of sawing wood, high cutting parameters are sometimes set. This causes the saw teeth to overheat. Therefore, it is necessary to properly cool the saw blade, and also, if possible, adjust its tension, because when the temperature of the saw changes, the value of its tension may also change. In summer, it is best to use water as a coolant; in winter, it is recommended to use diesel fuel for this purpose.

The operation in which the cutting ability of the saw blade is formed is called setting. During the setting process, the tooth is moved apart in the segment to the right, left, directly in relation to the saw body. The saw teeth must be set symmetrically, otherwise operational problems may arise. The laying begins at a height of two-thirds from the top of the blade.

For sawing hard or frozen wood, the recommended setting value to the side of the saw blade body is 0.3 - 0.4 mm. For sawing soft wood, this value is 0.5 - 0.7 mm.

Disc sawmill sawmill "Grizzly"

The Grizzly sawmill is the founder of angle sawing in Russia. The machine is designed for sawing various (both soft and hard) wood into export-quality edged boards, or timber. Successfully saws larch.

Ideal for valuable wood species.
The design of the machine is unique.

The cut is made using a movable carriage along a fixed log. At the same time, on the carriage, at an angle of 90º, there are: one vertical and up to two horizontal disks, which allows you to obtain a maximum radial cut. In one pass of the carriage, up to two edged products are obtained, which are fed into the hands of the operator by reversing the carriage.

The disc sawmill allows you to saw logs with a diameter of up to 1 meter without turning them. This is done by sawing from top to bottom and from left to right, step by step, board by board. The operator can obtain timber and boards from the log various sizes: vertically up to 250 mm in any configuration of the machine with vertical saw blades, namely a Ø765mm disk with removable teeth, and a Ø630mm disk with carbide tips. And horizontally up to 100mm, up to 170mm, when the machine is equipped with one vertical disk with a diameter of 630 mm, and one horizontal disk with a diameter from 305mm to 450mm (with removable teeth or with carbide tips). This configuration of the machine allows you to save on cutting.

To obtain dimensions on sawn timber up to 250 mm vertically and up to 200 mm horizontally, the machine is equipped with one vertical disk with a diameter of 765 mm, and one horizontal disk with a diameter of 500 mm.

Comments

Wood as a product is very valuable. Wooden products are all around you. However, before becoming a table, cabinet or bench on the street, wood must go through a long process of processing. Wood materials - boards, beams, bars, are obtained by sawing. Exactly this band sawmill operation is of greatest importance.

When sawing logs into boards, strive to obtain boards with a uniform wood density. It is important that the direction of the cuts goes from east to west or vice versa. Because the northern side of the log has greater density, while the southern side is looser. Medium boards have a uniform structure and are preferred when working in carpentry.

If the log is absolutely round, approximately the same thickness along its entire length and has no outside no significant flaws, cutting is done quickly and with virtually no loss of valuable wood. First cut off the top and bottom side, and then cut the rest of the trunk into boards of equal thickness.
In most cases, it is necessary to think through suitable cutting methods in order to increase the yield of the greatest number of high-quality and wide boards, regardless of their thickness and hidden advantages. When cutting on a band sawmill, this can be done by rotating the log 90o or 180o. First remove the slab. Next, remove the unedged board. If there is a false core or defects on the bottom of the board in an amount exceeding the permissible, the log is rotated 90o or 180o.

Remove the board again. If there are no defects, remove additional board etc. After you have removed all the side boards, you will be left with timber, which is also sawn into fixed width boards. Turn the logs over on the bed whenever the other side of the log when cutting will produce better quality boards than the one you are currently cutting.

Band sawmill Taiga T3 and its features

The Taiga T3 band sawmill is an electrically driven sawmill designed for sawing logs into beams, carriages, edged and unedged boards and so on.

We recommend purchasing additionally

Main consumables for band sawmills are saws. Band saws require special attention, they need to be periodically sharpened and thinned so that the resulting lumber is of high quality. Therefore, we additionally recommend purchasing with the Taiga T3 band sawmill:

Taiga adjustable machine for band saws.
Automatic sharpening machine 220 V Taiga for Taiga band saws.
Bimetallic band saws 4,290 m long, for the Taiga T3 sawmill.

And also, to adjust the rail track level, we recommend purchasing a set of anchor bolts:

Box with adjustable supports for installing rail tracks.

Technical characteristics of Taiga T3
Maximum diameter of sawn log, mm 900
Minimum diameter of sawn log, mm 100
Length of sawn log, mm 6500
Diameter of saw pulleys, mm 600
Capacity, m3 6-12
Saw blade speed, m/s 30
Overall dimensions of the machine, mm
Length 930
Width 2000
Height 1700
Overall dimensions of the rail track, mm
Length 7900
Width 1060
Weight, kg 633
Volume, m3 3.55
Engine power, kW
Saw drive 11
Voltage, V 380
Lifting and lowering 0.55

Band sawmills and their work

In industry, three types of sawmills are most often used: frame type, circular circular saws and band saws (for example, Ritm-M, PLP-1, PLGR-700-6300). Let's take a closer look at each of these three types.
Frame-type sawmills are characterized by high energy consumption, low yield of finished products, big amount waste, the need to sort lumber by diameter, require a massive foundation. As a rule, on the basis of this equipment, stationary sawmill complexes are created with access roads equipped with lifting mechanisms, sorting areas that occupy a large area for sorting and packaging finished products, equipment for removal, temporary storage and disposal of waste. Thus, these complexes require serious financial investments to equip the sawmill site with the necessary additional equipment for the necessary uninterrupted operation of production.

Circular saw disc units have lower energy consumption than sawmill frames, there is no need for a massive foundation, and it is possible to individually cut each log. Complexes using this equipment have fairly high productivity. Unfortunately, the question arises about the need for waste disposal, since the cutting width of circular saws is 6-7 mm, therefore a large amount of sawdust is formed, just like with frame saws. In addition, the cost of the machines themselves and the circular saws for them is quite high. Saw sharpening should only be carried out by highly qualified personnel.

Band sawmills can be horizontal (Ritm-M, Ritm-1 PLGR-700-6300), vertical, or with the band saw machine positioned at an angle. Installations using tapes up to 40 mm wide are, as a rule, relatively inexpensive and small-sized. These are sawmills with a capacity of 10-12 cubic meters of saw logs per shift. In principle, they are designed for professional sawing and working with large-sized sawlogs (800-1000mm). Sawmills using 35-50 mm wide belts are the most popular among consumers, since these saws are relatively inexpensive. Their maintenance comes down to timely sharpening and periodic teeth alignment. Performing these operations does not require special qualifications of personnel. And the most expensive in this group of equipment is a band saw with a band larger than 60 mm. It requires a more serious approach to preparing the premises for work. The band saws themselves are produced with carbide tips, which ensures that the personnel have special training and qualifications, since in addition to sharpening, such saws require periodic rolling of the blade on special equipment. All band sawmills are designed so that the cutting width does not exceed 2.4-2.6 mm, that is, a minimum of waste is produced. A necessary condition work on a band sawmill - work with one band for no more than two hours. According to the recommendations of all band saw manufacturers, it is necessary to change the band every two hours of operation, regardless of whether it is dull or not, and then give it a “rest” for 18-24 hours. During normal inspection, one belt (timely, correctly sharpened and spread) processes 60-80 cubic meters of lumber).