Reinforced concrete products. Types of reinforced concrete structures Main types of reinforced concrete structures and their markings

Reinforced concrete structures became a real breakthrough in the 19th century. Now almost all construction projects are built with their help. At the moment, about two billion cubic meters of concrete products are produced every day in the world. Without them, the construction of offices, high-rise buildings and industrial buildings is impossible.

Reinforced concrete structures allow you to quickly and with minimal financial costs build houses of varying degrees of complexity. At its core, reinforced concrete products are reinforcement filled with cement mortar.

Characteristics of reinforced concrete

Concrete has great strength. This allows the construction of buildings with a long service life. In addition, it withstands temperature changes well. Other useful characteristics of this material include:

frost resistance,
high density,
waterproof,
fire resistance.

The strength of concrete in compression is 10-20 times greater than in tension. This parameter largely depends on the sand and gravel used. The quality of the cement plays a major role. It is the cement that determines how strong the composition will be.

Pouring concrete helps protect the reinforcement from corrosion. Buildings made from this material are durable and resistant. The quality of the material is greatly influenced by porosity, namely the ratio of pores to total volume.

Important ! There are pores in any structure. They appear as a result of the evaporation of water that has not reacted with cement. Very often, high porosity is evidence of using insufficient cement in the mixture.

Density is the ratio of the mass of concrete to its volume. The higher this characteristic, the more durable the reinforced concrete structure will be. Due to its high density, concrete resists compression well.

Regardless of the thickness of the reinforced concrete structure, it can effectively transfer heat flow. The thermal conductivity of concrete is 50 times less than that of steel, but much higher than that of brick.

The result of the low thermal conductivity of reinforced concrete structures is their fire resistance. Due to this, this material is also used in the construction of industrial workshops where it is necessary to work with high temperatures.

Important ! Reinforced concrete structures can withstand temperatures of up to 1000 degrees for a long time. In this case, the products do not collapse or crack.

At the end of the 19th century, new materials appeared on the construction market. So that there are no questions about reinforced concrete products - what is it, we will immediately give a decoding of the abbreviation - reinforced concrete products. Today, not a single construction project is built without the use of these structures.

Reinforced concrete products allow you to quickly construct buildings of any complexity. Concrete concrete products - what is it? This is reinforcement filled with cement mortar.

Characteristics of concrete products

The production of reinforced concrete products is in great demand today. The structures are actively used in construction and have no analogues. The devices have increased strength, thanks to which the erected buildings have an impressive service life.

The advantages of the designs are the following characteristics:

high resistance to temperature changes;
frost resistance;
fire resistance - due to which the material is used in the arrangement of workshops in which work is carried out at high temperatures;
waterproof;
increased density - concrete strongly resists compression.

Pouring concrete serves as reliable protection for the material from corrosion.

Reinforced concrete structures can withstand temperatures up to 1000 degrees for a long time without negative consequences.

Manufacturing of reinforced concrete products

The production of reinforced concrete products is carried out from molded concrete and reinforcement with steel rods.

Designs are divided into two types:

without pre-tension;
stressed - during the manufacturing process, the steel reinforcement inside is stretched. Such products are more durable.

They produce devices from prefabricated, monolithic and prefabricated monolithic concrete.

The scope of application of prefabricated reinforced concrete blocks is widespread. Special material is used in the construction of industrial buildings, public buildings and residential buildings.

The answer to the question of reinforced concrete products - what is it, can be done this way: a modern high-strength material, actively used in construction work. Today, the manufacture of products is based on the latest technologies, thanks to which manufacturers are able to achieve amazing results.

Concrete structures are classified into the following types:

slabs for road surfaces;
jumpers;
foundation blocks;
floor slabs;
stiffness diaphragms;
rings for wells;
concrete piles.

Special monolithic reinforced concrete blocks are actively used in construction due to their ease of use, significant strength to temperature changes and resistance to increased loads.

K category: Selection of building materials

Main types of precast concrete products

Classification. Prefabricated reinforced concrete products and structures are widely used in all areas of modern construction. The industry produces a large number of different types of prefabricated reinforced concrete products and structures. The classification of reinforced concrete products is based on the following characteristics: type of reinforcement, density and type of concrete from which the product is made, internal structure of the product and its purpose.

Based on the type of reinforcement, reinforced concrete products are divided into prestressed and conventionally reinforced.

Based on the density and type of concrete, products made from extra-heavy, heavy, light and extra-light concrete are distinguished. Lightweight concrete products, in turn, can be produced using porous aggregates and cellular concrete.

Depending on the type of binder, products made from cement concrete, silicate concrete and gypsum concrete are distinguished.

According to the internal structure, products can be solid or hollow, made from one type of concrete (single-layer products) or from several types of concrete (for example, three-layer ones - from cellular concrete, covered on both sides with dense fine-grained concrete).

According to their intended purpose, reinforced concrete products are divided into three groups: for residential and public buildings, for industrial buildings and for engineering structures. In turn, products for residential, public and industrial buildings are divided into products for foundations, building frames, walls, ceilings and coverings, stairs and sanitary equipment.

Products for building foundations (Fig. 1). Foundation slabs are massive reinforced concrete elements of a trapezoidal (Fig. 1, a) or rectangular shape, laid directly on the ground when constructing the foundation.

Glass-type foundation blocks (Fig. 1, d) are used in frame buildings to support columns. They can consist of either one element or two (a separate block and a glass).

Rice. 1. Products for foundations: a - pillow block, b, c - solid and hollow blocks for basement walls, d - glass-type block

Concrete blocks for basement walls are elements in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped (Fig. 1, b and c) made of heavy concrete, expanded clay concrete and silicate concrete with a density of at least 1800 kg/m3 and grade 100, 150 and 200. The blocks are reinforced only with mounting reinforcement. Grooves are arranged in the end part of the blocks, which are filled with mortar during installation. Expanded clay concrete blocks may have discontinuous voids open downwards. The blocks are used for constructing strip foundations and erecting basement walls for buildings of all types.

Products for building frames (columns; horizontal connections - crossbars, purlins, beams; trusses and arches) are made from heavy concrete grades of at least 200 and reinforced with load-bearing reinforcement. Crossbars, beams and trusses are often made of stress-reinforced concrete. All products have metal embedded parts for reliable connection with each other and load transfer.

Products for frames of industrial buildings (Fig. 2) differ from similar products for residential buildings in their greater load-bearing capacity and size. Thus, the height of columns for residential buildings reaches 7.5, and for industrial buildings 35 m.

Beams, depending on the span to be covered, can have a T-section or I-section with holes in the vertical wall to reduce its weight. Beams are made from concrete grades 300…400; the reinforcement is often stressed. Beam length - 12; 18 and 24 m.

Trusses (Fig. 3) are used as elements of coverings with a span of 30 m or more; prefabricated reinforced concrete arches - for spans over 60 m.

Wall concrete and reinforced concrete blocks are intended for residential and public buildings, as well as industrial and agricultural buildings. They produce a wide range of blocks for external and internal walls. The size of the blocks depends on the design of the building and the wall cutting scheme: for example, the length of the blocks can be 400...3300 mm, height 300...3900 mm. The thickness is determined for thermal and design reasons: for external walls 200...600 mm, for internal walls - 160...300 mm.

Rice. 2. Scheme of a one-story industrial building with a reinforced concrete frame

One of the design options for an external wall made of blocks is shown in Fig. 34. Solid lines indicate the dimensions of the blocks for a two-row cut, dotted lines for a four-row cut. Wall blocks 2 have only mounting fittings; they are made with quarters, which are used to install window blocks and form vertical joints between blocks. The lintel blocks are made of reinforced concrete, capable of absorbing the load from the interfloor ceiling.

For external walls, blocks can be single- or double-layer. They are made from various types of concrete. Single-layer blocks of external walls are made mainly from lightweight concrete on porous aggregates of grades M50...M100, with a density of 900...1500 kg/m3 or cellular concrete of grades M25...M100, with a density of 600...1000 kg/m3. Two-layer blocks of insulating and insulating layers are used mainly for buildings with high air humidity. The insulating layer is made of structural and thermal insulating concrete (usually lightweight concrete on foam aggregates of grade M50.

Rice. 3. Reinforced concrete truss

Rice. 4. Wall structure made of large blocks (view from inside the room): 1 - lintel block, 2 - wall block, 3 - window sill block, 4 - floor slab

The blocks of internal walls are made single-layer. The type and brand of concrete used depend on the design of the wall (heavy concrete grades M100...M200 and light cellular grades M25...M50 are used).

External wall blocks are produced with a finished (painted, tiled) external surface and an internal surface prepared for finishing. Interior wall blocks are produced with surfaces ready for finishing.

Wall panels - large-sized elements (usually a floor high and up to 6 m long) for the installation of fully prefabricated buildings (Fig. 35) - depending on the purpose and design features, are divided into the following types: - external wall panels of heated buildings, made of lightweight concrete porous aggregates, cellular concrete or heavy concrete with a heat-insulating layer; – panels of external walls of unheated buildings and internal load-bearing walls, made of heavy or light concrete; – partition panels, usually made of gypsum concrete.

Rice. 5. Scheme of a large-panel prefabricated residential building: 1 - foundation block, 2 - floor panel, 3 - load-bearing panel of the internal wall, 4 - covering panel, 5 - external wall panel

Rice. 6. Wall panels finished with carpet mosaics

Grades of heavy concrete for external wall panels - not lower than 200, for internal ones - not lower than 150; Lightweight concrete of all types must have a grade of at least 50.

The most widely used panels in housing and public construction are panels made of lightweight concrete with porous aggregates and panels made of autoclaved cellular concrete. The thickness of the panels, depending on the type of concrete and climatic conditions at the construction site, is 160...400 mm. The weight of the panels reaches 5 tons. In technical and economic terms, large-sized vibro-rolled expanded clay concrete panels have the highest advantages.

The panels (Fig. 6) are produced with external protective and decorative finishing (ceramic tiles, decorative concrete, waterproof paints, etc.) and internal, prepared for finishing. Painted and glazed window and door units must be installed in place.

Elements of interfloor ceilings. Reinforced concrete floor panels are used in buildings of all types. Panel size: length 2.4...12 m, width 1.2...3.6 m, thickness 220 mm. The panels are made of concrete grade of at least 200 and reinforced with conventional or prestressed reinforcement.

In addition to load-bearing capacity, floor panels must meet sound insulation requirements. In order to increase sound insulation properties and reduce weight, panels are made with voids (mainly round cross-section) or from lightweight concrete with porous aggregates; ribbed floor panels with soundproofing layers are used. The lower side of the panel serves as the ceiling and is produced ready for finishing, while the upper side serves as the base of the floor.

Panels and slabs of coverings. Depending on the roof design, they must satisfy, in addition to load-bearing capacity, the requirements of hydro- and vapor barrier, and for combined (warm) roofs - also thermal insulation.

Coating panels are made in single layers from heavy and light concrete on porous aggregates; layered with a load-bearing structure made of heavy concrete and a heat-insulating layer of cellular concrete or other insulation; combined in the form of a slab of cellular concrete with ribs of heavy concrete. The grade of heavy concrete should be at least 200, light concrete with porous aggregates - at least 150 and cellular - at least 50.

Sanitary fixtures. Elements of water supply, sewerage, ventilation, etc. can also be made in the form of prefabricated reinforced concrete products. Water supply and sewer pipes are embedded in the body of special panels; heating panels are obtained in the same way. For ventilation devices, special blocks with through channels are used. The height of the blocks is determined in accordance with the height of the room, the width depends on the number of channels and pipes in them. The use of such blocks greatly simplifies sanitary and technical work at a construction site.

Sanitary cabins are fully equipped and finished volumetric elements: they have bathtubs, sinks, toilets, faucets, and the entire pipe system is concentrated inside the rear hollow wall of the cabin; such cabins are only connected to the appropriate networks at a construction site.

Flights of stairs and landings are made of concrete grade no lower than 200. The steps of the stairs must have a finished surface. Staircase landings are usually covered with ceramic tiles. Flights of stairs and landings can be made in the form of one solid element. Stairs are used in both precast concrete and brick buildings.

Reinforced concrete lintels for covering window and door openings in brick buildings can be bar, slab and beam with a molded quarter to support the floor panels. The lintels are made of heavy or light (with porous aggregates) concrete. The grade of concrete is at least 200. The grade of concrete for frost resistance, depending on climatic conditions, is Mrz 35... Mrz 200.

Products for engineering structures. Reinforced concrete products are widely used in road construction (road pavement slabs, side stones, elements of bridges and overpasses, sleepers, lighting poles and overhead contact poles); during the construction of urban utility networks (pressure and non-pressure reinforced concrete pipes with a diameter of 0.5 to 3 m, collector elements, etc.); during the construction of hydraulic structures and reclamation systems.

Block rooms and block apartments. A further development of prefabricated construction was the factory production of large-sized volumetric building elements: kitchen blocks, sanitary units, block rooms of various sizes. Such volumetric elements are fully factory-ready: all pipes are laid in them, the necessary equipment is installed, and electrical wiring is done. The construction of buildings from volumetric blocks comes down only to the installation of elements in a certain sequence and the connection of all their communications. The disadvantage of volumetric elements is their significant dimensions, which complicate their delivery and installation.

- Main types of precast concrete products

AND- iron; female; magazine

and.– female; liquid; liquid; residents

JA – railway administration; ventricular arrhythmia (med.)

TOAD– Creepy academically brilliant certification (English) Nastily Exhausting Wizarding Tests, NEWT;

exams that Hogwarts students take after the 7th year [the school of wizardry in the Harry Potter series of novels by J. Rowling]; other translation options – SPIDER, TRIT) JAKT

– housing-rental cooperative partnership ZhAT

– railway automation and telemechanics reinforced concrete

– reinforced concrete; reinforced concrete (reinforced concrete; – railway automation and telemechanics reinforced concrete

) – reinforced concrete; reinforced concrete Precast concrete products– reinforced concrete product

(products) ZhBK

- reinforced concrete structures ZhBO

– liquid household waste; housing and welfare provision

RHSE– reinforced concrete firing point

ZhBR– journal of concrete works

Concrete concrete products (– living conditions ZhVVKUMP

zhvvkump) – high quality pearl wines of the established place of production ZhVL

– vital medicines

ZhVLS– vital medicines VED

– vital medications chemical drugs

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ZhVP drugs

ZhVPR– reversible trailed roller header

ZHVS– water sports vest

ZHS – – housing and civil construction Railway gendarme division (historical);

Railway; railway; women's movement;

HDD; House railway

railway- Railway; railway

railway– railway

ZhDA– iron deficiency anemia (med.)

railway– railway battalion (zheldorbat)

railway brigade- railway brigade

Railway BTNB– Railway “Berkakit-Tommot-Nizhny Bestyakh”

Railway PM– Railway worker – Perm motors

ZhDV– railway troops

Railways (– Zheleznogorsk orphanage ZhIP ZhDP, ) - Live long and prosper! (English) LLAP “Live long and prosper!”), a raised palm with the middle and ring fingers spread apart and the thumb extended

railway station– railway building

ZhDN- railway invoice

– Zheleznogorsk orphanage– railway company

ZhDT- railway transport

ZhDTOP– public railway transport

ZhDSHL– Sri Lanka Railways

WAITING– Railways of Yakutia (company); Pearl heritage of Yakutia (ensemble)

vital capacity– vital capacity of the lungs (med.)

LJ– LiveJournal LiveJournal, abbr. L.J.)

LJO– yellow iron oxide pigment

ZhZ– protective vest; housing legislation

ZhZI– A life of great ideas

ZhZL– Lives of remarkable people (book series);

light protective vest ZhZP

– Life of wonderful programs ZHT

– titanium protective vest ZHI

– housing inspection JIG

– yttrium iron garnet (laser crystal) – ZhIP gastric inhibitory polypeptide (med);

housing and property law – LCD gendarme team (ist.); gastrointestinal (med.); Women's consultation; liquid crystal; liquid crystal; housing committee; housing complex; Housing Code;

residential complex ZhKB

– cholelithiasis (med.) (LCD J.K.V.D. ) – transliteration of English. abbr. JCVD – Jean-Claude Van Damme

(2008 pseudo-realistic drama directed by Mabrouk El Mekri, starring Jean-Claude Van Damme) LCD

– liquid crystal display LCD

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housing and communal services (housing and property law– railway code of registration

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FSW– housing and communal services;

housing and communal services; Zhilkomservice (LLC) – Gastrointestinal tract – gastrointestinal tract (med.)

Housing and communal services liquid complex fertilizer; housing and communal services

Housing and communal services- Department of Housing and Utilities

(joking transcript - live as you want; live like masters) ZhM

– dream woman w/m

– housing estate (housing area) JMBB

– stomach is soft, painless (med.) ZhMZ

– Zhulyany Machine-Building Plant JMNO

– Journal of the Ministry of Public Education ZHMNP

– Journal of the Ministry of Public Education ZhMP

– Journal of the Moscow Patriarchate LMT

– liquid metal coolant; liquid metal cooled reactor WNBA

– Women's National Basketball Association – VED

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Vital and essential drugs (until 2011 - VED)– housing savings cooperative

ZHNER– Zhigansky national Evenki district

JO– gendarmerie district (historical);

liquid cooling ZhOV

– housing provision for military personnel ZHOZ

– residential and public buildings (JO and PA asshole

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– Livestock equipment and food units (faculty); (joking transcript: pity, a very useful abbreviation; pity, a very useful acronym; a living organ anticipating an accident) ZhORKH

– Journal of Organic Chemistry (journal) – ZhP gendarmerie regiment (historical);

living space JPNPG

- residential premises unsuitable for citizens to live in FGM

– female genital organs (med.) HFPP

- residential premises suitable for citizens to live in ZhPR

– gastroesophageal reflux (med.) ZHPU

- Gendarmerie Police Department (source) ZHPUZHD

– Gendarmerie Police Department of Railways (source)

ZHRW – LRE liquid rocket engine;

liquid jet engine ZhRK

– railway missile system LRW

– liquid radioactive waste Iron ore– Zhilremstroy (

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– Journal of the Russian Physical Society ZHRFHO

– Journal of the Russian Physical and Chemical Society ZhREO

– housing repair and operational association; housing repair and maintenance association – ZhS life situation; life strategy; residential section;– Zhilremstroy (

housing construction; Zhilservice ( JSA

– yolk salt agar WHS

– women who have sex with women Housing cooperative

– housing construction cooperative; Housing systems of Krasnoyarsk (management company)

ZhSS– iron-binding ability of serum (honey); liquid glass mixture

ZHSTL– life strategy of a creative personality

ZhT- railway transport; ventricular tachycardia (med.)

ZhTK– Railway trading company; railway transport corridor; housing and labor cooperative

ZhTF– Journal of Technical Physics

ZHU– gendarmerie department (historical)

ZhUZD– gendarmerie department of the railway (source)

JF– housing stock; housing stock

ZhFSI – – housing stock for social use LC

liquid chromatography; liquid chromatograph

ZHTSDO– Zhigansky Center for Continuing Education

LCI– product life cycle HCV, - Black Lives Matter Black Lives Matter

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PVC– gendarmerie squadron (source)

Housing office– housing maintenance office

ZHEO– railway power station; ventricular extrasystole (med.); housing maintenance service

JETP– Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics

Housing department– housing maintenance department; housing maintenance department; housing maintenance area

Not a single modern construction project can do without reinforced concrete structures and products. These materials are reinforced with steel rods. During the hardening process, the concrete mixture contracts slightly, decreasing in volume. This creates a strong connection with the steel frame. Such structures withstand sudden temperature changes well, since they have a very low coefficient of thermal expansion. Reinforcement allows you to increase the strength of concrete products. This allows them to be used as load-bearing parts of buildings of any kind. If we compare reinforced concrete structures with all-metal ones, they are not at all afraid of corrosion and open fire.
Please note that reinforced concrete materials are delivered to the construction site in finished form. This greatly reduces the risk and timing associated with the quality of assembly of such structures.

About the types

Reinforced concrete products from the company ZhBI InvestStroy LLC (website: invest-gbi.ru) come in a variety of types.

First of all, they come with or without prestressing. What does it mean? Prestressing means that the reinforcement inside the product was subjected to tension during the creation process. During operation of floor slabs, their steel frame is subjected to slight tension and significant weight loads. This may have a negative impact on the reliability of the entire building. To increase the level of reliability, the reinforcement is subjected to tension using the tensile method. Precast concrete products are made from three types of concrete: prefabricated monolithic, monolithic and prefabricated.

Also, similar materials are divided into the following groups:

Those that are used in the construction of residential and public buildings.
Those that are suitable only for industrial buildings.
Those used for public buildings.

Well, now let’s take a closer look at the types of reinforced concrete products and their scope of use.

Slabs used for road and airfield slabs, or simply road slabs. As you can guess from the name, these products are installed on highways and airfields that have increased throughput. Such structures can withstand significant weight loads. If we are talking about difficult climatic and soil conditions, then pre-stressed slabs are used.
Floor slabs. In this case, we are talking about slabs that are used to create floors or ceilings in multi-story buildings. They are the most popular in construction.
Lintels used to increase the strength of the structure and as a ceiling for openings of various types. They come in façade, L-shaped beams, timber, and slab.
Elements such as diaphragms are designed to withstand all vertical loads that come from various elements of the structure.
Blocks, called foundation blocks, are used to create foundations of various types, when there is a need to create basements and technical premises. Almost all factories, including ZhBI InvestStroy LLC, are engaged in the production of such products. They, in turn, are divided into solid FBS blocks, tape or FL pillows, blocks with holes for communications, wall blocks, U-shaped blocks with voids that are open downwards.
Reinforced concrete piles are used to construct pile foundations. They come in three types: shell, composite, driven, pressed.

However, this list is far from complete. There are many more elements that are small in size. These include curbs, paving stones, paving slabs, and panels for fences. But we would like to pay special attention to such elements of reinforced concrete products as wall panels.

About wall panels

Wall panels are made to create external and internal walls of buildings. External elements can be single-layer or multi-layer. But single-layer ones are more popular. They are made from very light concrete, which has cells. But heavy-class concrete equipped with insulation can also be used. The outside of the panels is decorated either with a special decorative solution, or simply sealed with a concrete mixture. They are covered with paint that can withstand the vagaries of the weather or lined with special tiles. If we talk about the inner surface of the panels, then it is already prepared in advance for wallpapering or painting. If there are openings in the slab, they are often equipped with windows or doors at the manufacturing stage.

The height of the wall panels is equal to the height of one floor. Their width can reach up to seven meters. They are about thirty-five centimeters thick. Note that wall panels that are used indoors are always thinner. Their thickness usually does not exceed sixteen centimeters.

About the classification of wall panels

When choosing wall panels, you must consider their classification. They are divided into classes according to the following parameters:

According to the purpose of the building.
According to the design solutions that will be used.
According to the number of base layers.

Wall panels can have different structures. Therefore, they can perceive and transmit loads differently. In this case they are divided into:

Bearers.
Self-supporting.
Mounted.

When choosing the type of wall panels, it is necessary to take into account not only the degree of load, but also the climatic conditions in which the finished building will be operated.

About the creation of reinforced concrete products

Taking into account the scope of use, each reinforced concrete product has its own reinforcement system and production technology. Concrete for each type of product is prepared according to a special recipe.

Floor slabs and other parts whose work is concentrated at the bending point are made of reinforced concrete. The latter is pre-stressed. In other words, reinforcement is placed on the stops in the mold. By a mechanical method, which involves the use of current, it is stretched and fixed at the ends of the mold.

Concrete is poured and compacted by special vibration on stands or conveyors. When the concrete is poured and compacted, the form is subjected to heat treatment in the oven. There the concrete hardens in a fairly short period of time. After this, the fastenings are removed from the metal rods. As a result, they compress, transferring their stress to the concrete mass.
Those products that have the shape of a cylinder are made by centrifugation. Reinforcing bars are placed in half of the mold located on the centrifuge stand. If necessary, they are tightened. They are then wrapped with steel wire to form a frame. After this, the concrete is carefully distributed over the entire half-mold, which is then covered with exactly the same half-mold and the centrifuge is turned on. At the initial stage, the concrete mixture is simply distributed evenly throughout the form. The centrifuge then begins to spin at different speeds. As a result, the mixture is compacted on the walls of the mold and the product itself is formed. The concrete drying process also takes place in a kiln.

About use

Reinforced concrete products are used both in civil and industrial construction. So, to make the foundation more durable, special blocks are used, which are called fundamental, as well as piles. Nowadays, there are many types of them, as well as methods of their installation.

Also, such products find their place where monolithic type walls are erected. In this case, the use of special wall panels is implied. Reinforced concrete lintels are used for different types of openings.

As for floor slabs, they have been used for decades. Due to the special production technology, they are incredibly durable. Therefore, over the years, the popularity of such products only grows.

Precast concrete products are often used in the construction of roads and floors. In this case, road slabs are used.

Recently, reinforced concrete fences have become increasingly popular. Most often they are used to fence off the territory of industrial facilities.
Precast concrete products are perfect for creating stairs and landings, booths, vineyard posts and more. In industry, they are used to create trays, as well as ceilings in the construction of canals, tunnels and pipelines for various purposes.

As you can judge, reinforced concrete materials have gained wide popularity due to their high technical parameters. Of course, they are most often used in the construction of various buildings. However, they are also used in the process of laying sewerage routes, heat pipes, and roads. Precast concrete products are also suitable for strengthening coastlines. Moreover, these products are also used in the energy sector. They are even used in the construction of such serious objects as nuclear reactors. In everyday life, reinforced concrete products are encountered by each of us in the form of paving slabs, stairs, and curbs. It is worth noting that such elements can be sanded if necessary.

About classes and properties of concrete

When creating reinforced concrete structures, concrete of various classes is used. It differs in its properties.

If we consider the density indicator, then concrete can be very heavy, heavy, light and very light. It is divided into classes and according to the type of filler. The latter can be small or large. Most reinforced concrete products are made of concrete classified as heavy.

In addition, concrete is divided into types and according to the degree of compressive strength. This parameter is designated by the letter B. It can be axial tension or bending tension. Based on the frost resistance grade, it is calculated how many times the surface of the finished structure can be frozen and thawed under different climatic conditions.
Another important parameter is water resistance. This refers to how much water pressure the product can withstand until it begins to seep through its walls.

About delivery and storage

Reinforced concrete products have a fairly high level of strength and reliability. We have already written about this above. But whether these parameters will decrease in the future depends entirely on how the consumer will store and use the products.

Until the reinforced concrete products are installed in their proper place, they may be subjected to mechanical loads. They can also be stored in a room where the humidity level is significantly increased. It is worth considering that the concrete mass can be damaged by biological corrosion, that is, it can become moldy or become covered with fungus. The consumer should not forget about this when purchasing and selecting the necessary material.

Products may be damaged during transportation and storage. Most often, moisture penetrates the surface of reinforced concrete products through direct contact with the ground or under the influence of precipitation. All this, of course, reduces the strength of the material.

This type of damage to materials is mechanical. During transportation, concrete blocks can be placed on top of floor slabs that have been laid in accordance with all rules. Because of this, the bottom plates may become deformed. Concrete can break off from them and the reinforcement cage will be exposed.

Be that as it may, for reinforced concrete products it is necessary to create all the necessary conditions for storage. Even if you plan to use them quite quickly. The area where the products will be stored must be carefully leveled. Open contact with the soil should also not be allowed. You need to build a canopy over the products. You can also cover them with thick film.