Ephemera. Ephemeroids are herbaceous perennial plants

Animals can also be ephemera.[...]

These include weeds with a short lifespan, which, in the presence of moisture and warmth, can produce several generations during one spring-summer period. The most common representative of this group is chickweed, or chickweed, from the carnation family. A noxious weed that causes especially great harm to vegetable and row crops. Grows quickly in wet years and in low places, in vegetable gardens and peat bogs. Under favorable conditions, woodlouse grows strongly, covering the ground in continuous clumps and choking out cultivated plants. Its growing season is short - about 40 days. It is capable of producing several generations over the summer. It blooms and bears fruit starting in May throughout the summer.[...]

Ephemera and ephemeroids predominate where from spring to summer there is a sharp change in growing conditions associated with the provision of plants with water or light. An example is the lush development of plants such as bluegrass and sedge in some areas of Central Asia in early spring, when moisture and temperature conditions are favorable for their life. In aspect, such communities at this time resemble meadows. But as soon as a drought with a high temperature sets in, all that remains of the ephemerals are the seeds that have managed to fall to the surface of the soil, while the ephemeroids retain only underground organs that remain dormant until the onset of favorable conditions for their growing season. What previously resembled a meadow takes on the appearance of a desert.[...]

Ephemera are annual herbaceous plants that complete a full development cycle in a very short and usually wet period.[...]

In spring, ephemerals and ephemeroids develop widely, which predominate in the grass stand in sandy deserts. The most common shrubs here are juzgun, cherkes, sand acacia, white saxaul, etc. In clayey gypsum deserts, wormwood, boyalych, tamarix, etc. predominate, and the soil surface is often covered with algae and lichens. The latter form the basis of vegetation in clay takyr desert areas. In general, the vegetation cover is very sparse.[...]

This annual plant can be found in spring, growing in abundance in dense, bright green thickets around temporary lakes on salt marshes in Southern Turkmenistan, for example in the Badkhyz basins. However, a very short time passes, the water of these lakes evaporates and instead of bright greenery, brown-brown rings of dry grass remain around dazzling white salt marshes. Probably, in winter and spring, the corresponding strips of the coasts of such temporary lakes are sufficiently washed from salts by snow and rainwater and made suitable for plant life, and then again severe salinization sets in. But the growing season is already over, the seeds are ripe and are waiting for a new spring, without suffering from excess salts . However, a detailed study of all the details of the ecology and life cycle of this ephemeral halophyte is still ahead.[...]

On sandy deserts, the grass stand is dominated by ephemerals and ephemeroids. The most widespread are sandy sedge (Carex phusodes), bulbous bluegrass (Poa bulbosa var. vivipara), annual brome (Bromus tectorum, etc.), from the bulbous family - goose onion (Gagea reticulata); umbrella (Ferula foltida), etc. [...]

By the nature of their development, peronosporous fungi are ephemeral. They require a short time for the formation of sporulation and then die off relatively quickly, but with the help of their spores that fall on favorable substrates, they develop anew, being reborn in new generations, forming new generations of spores, repeated many times during the growing season. [...]

From the group of early spring plants, the so-called ephemerals are distinguished, which are distinguished by a very fast and short period of development and can produce several (2...3) generations in one growing season.[...]

The state of the internal environment of plant cells of the ephemeral group and the activity of enzymatic processes occurring in them requires further careful study.[...]

Ephemeroids are perennial herbaceous plants, which, like ephemerals, are characterized by a very short growing season.[...]

Chickweed average, Woodlouse - Stellaria media (L.) Sug. - develops as an ephemeral in the spring (Fig. 55). In areas with mild climates, it overwinters well under snow. Stems are recumbent, with a longitudinal strip of curly hairs at the internodes, highly branched, fragile, 5-30 cm long. Leaves are ovate, short-pointed, lower petiolate, upper sessile. The flowers are small, with bipartite white petals, and sit on long stalks. The root is fibrous.[...]

During the study, 9 biological groups of weeds were identified: 1 - ephemeral, 2 - early spring, 3 - wintering, 4 - winter annuals, 5 - facultative, 6 - taproot, 7 - creeping, 8 - rhizome, 9 - rhizomatous. We found 24 species of weeds. The largest number of species belong to the early spring varieties: bindweed (Polygonum convolvulus L.), smokeweed (Fumaria officinalis L.), barnyard grass (Chicken millet) (Echinochloa crusgalli L.), green bristle grass (Se-taria viridis L.), white pigweed

Dung mushrooms have a number of interesting features. Among mushrooms, they are ephemeral. They grow and ripen so quickly that not a single mushroom can compete with them in this regard. The life of small species is extremely short. Noticed in the evening, having lived only one night, they disappear by morning. Larger species, such as the white dung beetle (Coprinuscomatus), take a little longer to develop. But already 48 hours after the formation of the fruiting body, the cap turns black and blurs into a black liquid mass containing numerous spores. This phenomenon is called autolysis (Table 44). It is from this that autolysis begins, due to which the cap gradually shortens from bottom to top. This is due to the fact that in many species of coprinus the cap does not fully open and remains bell-shaped, and the plates do not taper towards the free end. All this would make it difficult for the spores to fall. In this regard, the maturation and fall of spores does not occur simultaneously, but sequentially from bottom to top.[...]

Many semi-desert ephemerals, including the above-mentioned Gymnosteris, belong to facultative or obligate self-pollinating species. Cleistogamous flowers with small, colorless corollas hidden in the calyx are known from Collomia grandiflora, which usually has rather large cross-pollinating flowers. [...]

EPHEMEROIDS [from gr. ephemeros - one-day, short-lived and eidos - species] - perennial (as opposed to ephemerals) herbaceous plants with a short (2-8 months) period of autumn-winter-spring growing season (tulip, sedge inflated, bulbous bluegrass, anemone, scilla).[ ...]

Lapaeva I.V. Study of some physiological and chemical processes in plant organisms of the ephemeral group // Main directions in solving the problem of environmental risk of the fuel and energy complex. M.:VNIIGAZ, 1994.P. 147-155.[...]

Monocarpics also include annuals (therophytes) that bloom in the first year of life; The life cycle of ephemera is especially short, falling within a matter of weeks. In the foothill deserts of Central Asia, ephemeral meadows, dominated by annuals, form in early spring. By the beginning of May, they have completely disappeared, burned out, leaving only seeds in the soil.[...]

Plants in deserts are represented by very xerophilous herbs and subshrubs, succulents, as well as many ephemerals that use only wet periods. The vegetation is sparse, which is why herbivores exist in small groups, pairs and alone. Herds are formed only by animals that can quickly find new areas with food (antelope, some birds).[...]

During the same period, tropical downpours erupt over the Atacama Desert, causing powerful floods, ephemeral plants and a mass of insects appear. The desert is blooming. This state can last three or four or even up to five or six months, but then again the warm El Niño current moves to the equator, to the Galapagos Islands, and the cold Peruvian current takes its usual place. And all natural processes develop in the opposite direction.[...]

The willow-leaved sunflower (N. vansininshp) and other annual species of this genus, growing in the steppes and deserts of the Old World, are ephemerals. They manage to go through the entire development cycle - from seed germination to their maturation - in just a few weeks, before the onset of summer heat and drought.[...]

Red-yellow pea (Pisum fulvum Sibth. et Smith.) is an annual low-growing plant 10-75 cm high, with a very thin stem. A pronounced ephemera. Reacts strongly to day length. The beans are small (3-4x0.7-1 cm), straight, and crack easily when ripe. The seeds are round and small (0.3-0.4 cm in diameter), the skin is thick and dark brown. The scar is olive, brown or black. Known only in wild flora. It has no special breeding significance. When crossed with field peas, it exhibits high sterility. Distributed mainly in Asia Minor.[...]

At the lower stage in the subzone of light gray soils, perennials include Psoralea drupacea, Ferula sp. and etc.[ ...]

In most leaf-stemmed mosses, the cap is quite well developed, but in sphagnum and andreaceae mosses and in some adhesive ephemera from the Briaceae, it is poorly developed.[...]

This perennial herbaceous plant develops in the spring a dense basal rosette of leaves, among which the outer ones are spring leaves, soft, thin and narrow, almost linear, quickly die off, and the inner ones are summer leaves, fleshy, almost succulent, wide, rounded spear-shaped, initially more smaller than spring ones, continue the growing season for quite a long time.[...]

Young weeds reproduce by seeds and complete their development cycle within one to two years. According to their characteristics, they are divided into subgroups: ephemerals, spring weeds (early and late), wintering, winter and biennial weeds.[...]

One of the adaptations of plants to life in arid areas is a shortened life cycle. Among the parpolystaceae, there is a group of ephemerals - annual herbaceous plants that survive the dry period in the form of seeds, and after sufficient rainfall they germinate, quickly bloom, produce seeds and then die. They go through the entire development cycle in 5-8 weeks. In arid climates, perennial plants - ephemeroids - also strive to complete the growing season in the shortest possible time.[...]

Vegetation in the steppes is predominantly xerophilous. There are many ephemerals in the steppe, after the death of the above-ground parts of which tubers, bulbs, and underground rhizomes remain. And finally, the steppes are characterized by shrubs that are eaten by animals.[...]

Brown semi-desert loamy soils are dominated by wormwood, fescue-wormwood, wormwood-biyurgun and biyurgun-kokpek associations with a significant admixture of ephemerals and ephemeroids.[...]

In the zone it is very thinned out. Projective coverage does not exceed 30-40% (in some places 20-30%). The soils were formed under fescue-wormwood associations with an admixture of ephemerals and ephemeroids. When the grass stand is thinned, lichens and blue-green algae develop on the soil surface.[...]

The mechanical impact exerted when vacationers walk through the forest causes compaction of the soil from the surface and damage to brittle forest grasses. The first spring grasses in a broad-leaved forest, the so-called ephemerals, are very hard to bear damage: anemone, lungwort, goose onion, etc. It is enough to step on this several times plant, and it will no longer be able to rise.[...]

Systematization of weeds has been carried out by many authors. B. M. Mirkin and Yu. A. Zlobin outlined the ecological characteristics of the main biological groups of weeds. The most common representatives of the ecological and biological group of young ephemerals are bluegrass, spring stonefly and coppice, which usually infest winter crops. They have a short life cycle and are undemanding to environmental conditions. They reproduce by seeds, which germinate at a temperature of 5-12 °C. They bloom in April-June.[...]

The seasonal dynamics of desert phytocenoses is clearly expressed. Phenological changes in communities are easily observed visually, expressed in changes in aspects: from bright yellow and lilac flowering in the spring, to pale naked indifference in summer and autumn.[...]

Chernozems were formed under herbaceous vegetation, which was dominated by perennial grasses. Currently, most of the black soil steppes are plowed and natural vegetation is destroyed. In the composition of natural vegetation, from north to south, forbs decrease and the content of spring ephemerals and ephemeroids increases.[...]

Air humidity determines the frequency of active life of organisms, the seasonal dynamics of life cycles, and affects the duration of development, fertility and mortality. For example, plant species such as spring speedwell, sand forget-me-not, desert alyssum, etc., using spring moisture, manage to germinate in a very short time (12-30 days), develop generative shoots, bloom, form fruits and seeds. These annual plants are called ephemerals (from the Greek “ephemeres” - fleeting, one-day). Ephemera, in turn, are divided into spring and autumn. The above plants are spring ephemerals. Certain species of perennial plants, called ephemeroids or geoephemeroids, also show clear adaptation to the seasonal rhythm of humidity. Under unfavorable humidity conditions, they can delay their development until it becomes optimal or, like ephemerals, go through its entire cycle in an extremely short period of early spring. This includes typical plants of the southern steppes - steppe hyacinth, poultry plants, tulips, etc. [...]

Herbaceous monocarpics are widespread in the arid regions of the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere. Among these monocarpics there are biennial and perennial plants (a number of species from the families Apiaceae, cruciferous plants: hogweed, cabbage, caraway, etc.). Most of them are thickened and contain reserve nutrients.[...]

According to R. Whittaker, in the steppes the dominant life form of plants is hemicryptophytes (perennial grasses) - 63% of the total flora; followed by therophytes (annual grasses) - 14%, chamephytes - 12%, etc. Phanerophytes (trees) make up 1% of the total number of plants. Plants of the steppe zone are characterized by the following ecological features: narrow-leaved xerophytic turf grasses (feather grass, fescue, bluegrass, fescue, etc.) are widespread, the root systems of which form branched bunches that go to a considerable depth; the presence of ephemerals and ephemeroids (irises, cereals, forget-me-nots, buttercups, tulips, crocuses, etc.); There are also succulents.[...]

To the south, meadow steppes were characterized by forb-feather grass and fescue-feather grass associations. Xerophytic plants took a relatively greater part in their grass cover, the main background of which in the forb-feather grass steppes was narrow-leaved feather grass, fescue, thin legged grass, steppe oats, drooping sage, Volga adonis, bluebells, sedge, steppe plantain, spurge, mountain clover, etc. In the type-chakovo-feather grass steppes, low-stemmed feather grass, tyrsa, fescue, wheatgrass, and sedges predominated. Moisture deficiency contributed to the development of ephemerals and ephemeroids in these steppes - mortuk, bulbous bluegrass, tulips, alyssum, wormwood with a degree of projective cover of 40-60%.[...]

Metabolic processes in a plant cell are sensitive to changes in the pH of its environment. The optimal concentration of H+ ions is maintained by endogenous regulation of the plant organism and has species specificity associated with the genotype /2/. In table Table 2 shows the results of a study of aqueous homogenates obtained from plant leaves by centrifugation with a frequency of 15 thousand revolutions for 20 minutes. Analysis of the results showed that the pH value of the extracts fluctuates mainly from 3.93 for sandy astragalus in May to 8.68 for flatcarp flaxifolia in April. Moreover, the pH values ​​of leaf extracts from ephemerals in April at all sites are higher than in May. Depending on the distance of the emission source, this value varies for astragalus foxtail in May from 4.20 at site no. 4 to 5.69 at site no. 6, for flatcarp in April from 7.61 at site no. 5 to 8.68 at site no. 2 .[...]

In fact, annuals that form “seed banks” are not the only ones to which the term “annual”, strictly speaking, does not apply. In deserts, for example, many so-called “annual” plants grow, but their vegetation pattern is very far from seasonal. The soil stores an impressive supply of seeds of such plants, and their germination is an infrequent event, occurring only when favorable conditions arise, and therefore difficult to predict in advance. Subsequent development usually occurs quickly, so that the time elapsed from the moment of germination to insemination is short. Such plants are best called single-reproduction ephemerals (Fig. 4.5, B).

Ephemera

Ephemera- an ecological group of herbaceous annual plants with a very short growing season (some complete their full development cycle in just a few weeks).

These are usually very small plants of deserts and semi-deserts or steppes. They develop intensively, bloom and bear fruit during the wet period (spring or autumn) and die off completely during the summer drought.

Some ephemeral plants found in Russia: Spring stonewort ( Erophila verna), Oak Krupka ( Draba nemorosa), Cornea crescent ( Ceratocephala falcata), Prolomnik northern ( Androsace septentrionalis), Malcolmia africanica ( Malcolmia africana), desert alyssum ( Alyssum desertorum).

There are also perennial plants similar to ephemerals - ephemeroids, in which only the above-ground part dies.

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See what “Ephemerals” are in other dictionaries:

Ephemera- (from the Greek ephemeros one-day, transient), annual plants with a very short (2-6 months) life cycle, ending with the formation of seeds 3-4 weeks after the start of the growing season. Ephemera include, for example, some plants... ... Ecological dictionary

Annual herbaceous plants, the entire development of which usually occurs in a very short time (several weeks), usually in early spring. Characteristic of steppes, semi-deserts and deserts (for example, dimorphic quinoa) ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

- (ephemerae), annual herbaceous plants that complete a full development cycle in a very short and usually wet period (from 2 6 weeks to 5 6 months). Preims are developing. early spring (February May), using the time before the onset of drought. T.n. winter crops... ... Biological encyclopedic dictionary

Annual herbaceous plants, the entire development of which usually occurs in a very short time (several weeks), usually in early spring. Characteristic of steppes, semi-deserts and deserts (for example, dimorphic quinoa). * * * EPHEMERA EPHEMERA, annual... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

- (gr. ephemeras one-day, transient) annual plants with a very short growing season (for example, semolina, field violet); are especially common in deserts and semi-deserts cf. ephemeroids). New dictionary of foreign words. by EdwART… Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

A group of annual herbaceous plants that complete a full development cycle in a very short period. These are plants of autumn-winter-spring growing season, lasting from 1.5-2 months (spinoflora aspinocarpta, dimorphic quinoa, etc.) to 6-8... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Annual herbaceous plants, the entire development of which usually occurs in a very short period of time (several weeks), usually in early spring. Characteristic of steppes, semi-deserts and deserts (for example, dimorphic quinoa) ... Natural science. encyclopedic Dictionary

ephemera- annual plants with a very short, usually spring, life cycle, e.g. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis) ... Anatomy and morphology of plants

EPHEMERA- (from the Greek ephemeras one-day, short-lived), annual plants with a very short development cycle (several weeks). They are confined to deserts, semi-deserts and dry steppes, where they grow during humid periods, which are also characterized by mild... ... Agricultural Encyclopedic Dictionary

EPHEMERA- annual plants with a short, usually spring period of development... Dictionary of botanical terms

Ephemera Ephemera

(ephemerae), annual herbaceous plants that complete a full development cycle in a very short and usually wet period (from 2-6 weeks to 5-6 months). Preims are developing. early spring (February - May), using the time before the onset of drought. T.n. Winter E. begin to develop in the fall. They are mesophytes, but have heat-resistant seeds. Depending on meteorological conditions, germination time, life expectancy and plant size vary greatly; often E. are very low (1-3 cm). Characteristic of deserts, deserts (50-60% of species, in North Africa - up to 90%), partly of steppes. Belong to the family. cruciferous plants (desert alyssum - Alyssum desertorum, flaxseed plant - Meniocus linif alius), buttercups (crescent hornworm - Ceratocephalus falcatus), cereals, legumes and many others. etc. (see THEROPHYTES).

.(Source: “Biological Encyclopedic Dictionary.” Editor-in-chief M. S. Gilyarov; Editorial Board: A. A. Babaev, G. G. Vinberg, G. A. Zavarzin and others - 2nd ed., corrected . - M.: Sov. Encyclopedia, 1986.)

Annual herbaceous plants with a very short (from 2-6 weeks to 5-6 months) growing season. They grow in arid areas and can only be observed in wet spring or autumn. In summer, during drought, they die off. Usually these are small plants, with low, weakly articulated stems, small leaves and an underdeveloped root system. They are typical of southern steppes, semi-deserts and deserts. Examples include spring semolina, small alyssum, etc.

.(Source: “Biology. Modern illustrated encyclopedia.” Chief editor A. P. Gorkin; M.: Rosman, 2006.)

See what "EPHEMERA" is in other dictionaries:

Ephemera- (from the Greek ephemeros one-day, transient), annual plants with a very short (2-6 months) life cycle, ending with the formation of seeds 3-4 weeks after the start of the growing season. Ephemera include, for example, some plants... ... Ecological dictionary

Annual herbaceous plants, the entire development of which usually occurs in a very short time (several weeks), usually in early spring. Characteristic of steppes, semi-deserts and deserts (for example, dimorphic quinoa) ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Annual herbaceous plants, the entire development of which usually occurs in a very short time (several weeks), usually in early spring. Characteristic of steppes, semi-deserts and deserts (for example, dimorphic quinoa). * * * EPHEMERA EPHEMERA, annual... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

- (gr. ephemeras one-day, transient) annual plants with a very short growing season (for example, semolina, field violet); are especially common in deserts and semi-deserts cf. ephemeroids). New dictionary of foreign words. by EdwART… Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

Not to be confused with the Ephemeroids group of perennial plants... Wikipedia

A group of annual herbaceous plants that complete a full development cycle in a very short period. These are plants of autumn-winter-spring growing season, lasting from 1.5-2 months (spinoflora aspinocarpta, dimorphic quinoa, etc.) to 6-8... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Annual herbaceous plants, the entire development of which usually occurs in a very short period of time (several weeks), usually in early spring. Characteristic of steppes, semi-deserts and deserts (for example, dimorphic quinoa) ... Natural science. encyclopedic Dictionary

ephemera- annual plants with a very short, usually spring, life cycle, e.g. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis) ... Anatomy and morphology of plants

EPHEMERA- (from the Greek ephemeras one-day, short-lived), annual plants with a very short development cycle (several weeks). They are confined to deserts, semi-deserts and dry steppes, where they grow during humid periods, which are also characterized by mild... ... Agricultural Encyclopedic Dictionary

EPHEMERA- annual plants with a short, usually spring period of development... Dictionary of botanical terms

Books

• Dead Father, Donald Barthelme. Donald Barthelme is an American writer, one of the pillars of literary postmodernism of the twentieth century, a master of short prose. Author of 4 novels, about 20 collections of stories, essays, parodies, ephemera and...

Observing the life of nature, you see how the Creator of life, through trial and error, gropes and paves the way to perfection. He does not have a clear plan, and therefore all the conversations of people who do not like to take responsibility for their actions about the destiny of existence fall apart if one walks along the steps of development, slowly and in a state of vigilance. Let's observe plants called “ephemera” and “ephemeroids”.

Lyrical digression about the “destiny of existence”

Ephemera

Ephemeral plants, of course, live for more than one day, but their full life cycle is very short, estimated at several weeks. In such a period of time, they manage to develop, decorate the world with flowers, bear fruit for procreation, and die with a clear conscience.

Small plants growing in very unfavorable places on our planet, for example, in deserts, where their growing season coincides with the wet period of autumn or spring, are forced to content themselves with such a short life.

We also find ephemera. For example, Krupka oak, growing in most of our country. In June, its pale yellow flowers fade, seeds form, and all parts of the plant die. The grass and seeds of oak groats are used in traditional medicine to treat many diseases, and the Chinese use an infusion of the herb to treat leukemia.

Ephemeroids

Such plants, unlike annual ephemerals, although they do not please the gardener for a very long period, are perennial, saving human time and energy.

It’s amazing how all plants find a place in the soil of the same area. I have been going to the dacha for more than ten years, never ceasing to be surprised and admire the change of scenery outside the car window. In April and early May, the roadsides and clearings and meadows flickering between pines, spruces, birches are painted with white snowdrops, yellow primroses, and lilac candy. In some places the purple-blue caps of the lungwort are visible.

Later, the picture will become bright orange from the swimsuit, which in Siberia we call “lights”. Small bright orange “roses” really look like bright lights flashing against the background of greenery.

Then there will be blue bells, white and yellow caps of cornflowers and daisies, tall bright purple brushes of Ivan-tea will rise like a wall, and many more different flowers will take over the summer baton from each other, relying on their own strength and the help of the nature around them.

Representatives of ephemeroids

Among the perennial ephemeroids there are many of our old decorative acquaintances. Some of them love to show their beauty in early spring (yellow onion, anemone, kandyki, crocuses, multi-colored tulips), others keep company with the gold of autumn (colchicum).

No matter what time of year they appear, we are always delighted by their beauty, resilience and vitality.

Summary

Enjoy every second given by fate. Live “here and now”, as all nature lives on our wonderful planet!

The most striking example of the adaptability of plants to life is the desert. Here they grow side by side ephemeral plants, and cacti and . And each type of plant adapted to life in the desert in its own way. Ephemera- annual plants with a very short life cycle. Their life lasts only about a month in May.

Such plants ephemera, like poppy, cereals awaken in early spring and have time to bloom and produce seeds one month before the onset of heat. In the spring, while the top layer of soil is well supplied with water, ephemerals actively absorb it from the soil, but also evaporate a lot.

The leaves of some ephemerals almost lie on the ground, covering it with themselves and preventing the sun from quickly drying it out. In this unusual way, ephemeral plants adapted to life in the desert. By the end of the life cycle, ephemeral plants die off completely, even the roots. In one month of the growing season, they manage to leave behind only seeds to resume life in the next growing season.

But ephemeral plants can be found not only in the desert. Ephemera grow in conditions where growing conditions from spring to summer change sharply for the worse, associated with providing plants not only with water, but also with light. Therefore, even in the broad-leaved forests of central Russia, for example, in oak forests, where there is not enough light in the summer, ephemerals are also found.

In early spring, when most of the leaves on the trees have not yet blossomed, ephemerals quickly grow and have time to produce seeds. As the leaves bloom on the trees, the ephemerals gradually or quickly die off. Ephemera that can be found on the territory of Russia: oak grouse, desert alyssum, spring stonefly, northern breaker, African malcolmia, sickle-shaped hornwort.

In addition to ephemerals, annual plants, there are ephemeroid plants similar to them in nature - perennial plants that grow with the onset of unfavorable conditions. Usually in nature they grow side by side, and having learned the differences between annual and perennial plants, you can accurately determine which plant it is: ephemeral or ephemeral.

Ephemeroids

Ephemeroids- perennial herbaceous plants with a very short growing season, which occurs during the most favorable period. After this, the life cycle of ephemeral plants begins to stop, and the aboveground part of the plants begins to gradually die off. Due to the nutrients accumulated in the underground part of the ephemeroids, their life is resumed when favorable conditions occur.

Ephemeroids include tuberous, rhizomatous and bulbous. Representatives of ephemeroids are the well-known snowdrops, lumbago (dream grass), scillas, scillas, tulips, spring-flowering crocuses, daffodils, muscari, chionodoxes, ranunculus, corydalis, hazel grouse, as well as such indoor plants as clivia.

In early spring ephemeroids, sprouts and buds of renewal buds are still formed under the snow. During flowering ephemeroids form a bright and colorful carpet of flowers that are clearly visible to pollinating insects. After the fruits have ripened and the seeds have dropped, in early June, with a change in conditions (little water or light), the above-ground organs of the ephemeroids die off. Underground organs with renewal buds and starch reserves are in a state of deep dormancy for about ten months until next spring.

Representatives of autumn ephemeroids are, or colchicum. They bloom in late autumn, when the leaves from the trees have already fallen off and do not block the light. For an active life, ephemeroids only need a short daylight time in the forest.

All ephemeroids are conditionally divided into groups: