Drawing of a sewer inspection well. Modern sewer well: design options and installation nuances

Well construction

Any sewer well consists of three structural elements:

• sealed bottom;
• shafts of the required depth;
• upper ceiling equipped with a round or square hatch.

The reinforced concrete structure is constructed as follows:

1. A hole of the required depth is dug with a margin for free movement of the rings (approximately 10-20 cm). If the soil is loose and the well is deep (more than 1.5 meters), the recess is made inside the first ring.
2. The bottom of the pit is filled with concrete. Using a perforator, technical holes are punched in the rings for pipeline installation. The pipes are fixed using cement mortar and sealant. If it is deep and intended for regular inspection of the sewer system, it is mounted on its walls for ease of descent. metal staircase.
3. The shaft is blocked from above concrete slab with a hole for a hatch. A special metal frame is inserted into the hole, and a cover is mounted on top. It can be installed on curtains and equipped with a lock. Or look like a cast iron hatch.

Plastic models include:

• lower tray with pipe connections;
• a shaft made of multilayer plastic;
• transition pipe of telescopic design;
• frame and hatch made of cast iron.

All elements are connected to each other using rubber seals, ensuring complete tightness of the structure.

Main types of wells

Based on their area of ​​application, wells are divided into several main types:

• For regular inspection or inspection - structures are located in places shut-off valves and are intended for monitoring and maintenance sewer systems.
• Rotary - a type of inspection wells. They are installed at pipeline bend points. The main purpose of such structures is fast access to the bend (elbow) of the pipe in order to clean it from contamination.
• Filtration facilities are special structures that lack tightness (having a perforated bottom). They serve for the accumulation of not very polluted wastewater with its subsequent filtration into the ground. This perfect solution for drainage of water from showers or adjoining rooms drainage systems. At the bottom of the well, a filter is made of fine crushed stone and sand (sometimes the shaft is filled with the same material). The filter thickness is at least 40-50 centimeters.
• Drops are structures designed to dampen or increase flow speed. They are installed in places where the pipeline sharply deepens or at the points of connection of deep-seated collectors to the main line. The design is based on a vertical pipe (the omission is a part in the form of a straight cross and an elbow). The well itself is arranged as a multi-stage structure or has the shape of a classic shaft.
• Serving for water storage or storage are sealed wells, the liquid from which is pumped out using a pump or flows through a signal pipe into the nearest ravine. To clean such a well, owners often hire vacuum cleaners. The regularity of cleaning directly depends on the capacity of the well. The more spacious it is, the less often you will have to resort to pumping out liquid. The average height of a well is two meters.

What wells are needed

• Storage tanks are required exclusively for the construction of autonomous sewer systems.
• Drop structures are more often used when connecting home sewer to the central city highway.
• Filtration structures can be used for wastewater clean water, which does not contain environmentally harmful impurities. For example, for arranging storm drains, drainage from a shower stall or bathtub. Water from washing and dishwashers, containing aggressive detergents, you cannot filter into the ground!
• Rotary and viewing structures are arranged as in autonomous systems, and on pipelines connected to a public highway.

SNiP standards

The construction of any sewer well is regulated by special sanitary and technical standards, reflected in a special document known as SNiP.

This document requires certain preliminary work.

Necessary:

• determine the location of the well and mark the area;
• uproot all trees and bushes that interfere with construction;
• equip the construction site - ensure free access for equipment;
• draw up a plan (scheme) and coordinate it with neighbors and the city water utility.

Construction work also has strict regulations and includes:

• preparation of the pit (pit);
• filling the bottom with crushed stone and sand;
• carrying out complete waterproofing of the bottom using concrete mortar;
• installation of concrete rings or a plastic tank;
• laying pipes;
• sealing all pipes with cement mortar or bitumen (for concrete structures, holes around the supplied pipes are sealed);
• functionality check (testing for the possibility of leakage);
• backfilling the well from the outside (fine crushed stone and soil are used for plastic, clay for concrete);
• additional treatment of concrete structures with waterproofing materials.

Basic technical requirements.

Many owners of private real estate sooner or later begin to think about arranging communication and other life support systems. Wherein important role allocated to sewer wells, because this is an integral part of any wastewater disposal system. Their features will determine how often cleaning will have to be done, what problems may arise during the maintenance period, and much more. At first glance, it seems that there is nothing difficult to understand about the design of sewer wells. However, this is not the case. What are these elements?

Sewage wells must be present on every site, and therefore it would be useful to study how they are constructed and a number of features inherent in them.

General information

Any water drainage system must have at least one well or reservoir. Many country property owners prefer autonomous sewer systems. But it is worth considering that this is a rather complex standard engineering project that requires certain knowledge and skills.

The key element of such a system is sewer wells, which can have any shape - round, square, rectangular. They can be made from different materials, be it concrete rings, bricks or ready-made plastic containers.

From a constructive point of view, the design of sewer wells is represented by several components:

• basis;
• tray;
• working chamber;
• neck;
• hatch.

Now it’s worth getting acquainted with the main types of sewer wells, which are most often installed by many private sector owners.

Types of wells

Such structures are divided into several types:

At the same time, each of these wells performs its duties. If the site is located simple system sewerage, then only one storage well is enough. At the same time, with more complex scheme You will need to study the device and installation features of each of the above types.

Viewing structure

The construction of a sewer inspection well should be understood as a shaft located above the main drainage line. Such structures allow for a visual inspection of sewer pipes and, if necessary, carry out renovation work or mechanical cleaning, washing during operation.

Such mines are located in a straight line of the drainage system at a certain distance from each other. Typically this is 30 m, but the distance may vary depending on the diameter of the pipes. At the same time, the definition of “inspection well” may include shafts that are installed at turns or along the path of intersection of communications.

Rotary shafts

They are installed in places where sharp turns of the channel are necessary. That is, more than 90°. The presence of such structures is mainly due to the fact that it is in these areas that active clogging of the system occurs. In addition, this design can be used as an inspection shaft, which makes it easy to clean a certain section of the pipe.

When installing a well system, it is often necessary to locate a septic tank or reservoir at a distance from several sources of wastewater. And this inevitably leads to twists and turns.

Drop structures

Such tanks are relevant in case of arrangement complex system on a site with a slope. The installation of a differential sewer well is also necessary in the following cases:

• when the depth of the ditch under the drainage main decreases;
• there is a need to bypass other underground communications or pipes;
• prevent high water movement speed.

If wastewater enters the well at high speed, the insulation or the structure itself may be damaged due to washout or impact loading. In turn, this design is also divided into several subtypes:

• An ordinary mine, in which the water supply is located in the upper part, while the outlet is in the lower part.
• A design that has a baffle and drain wall that slows down the flow rate.
• Short channels with a large degree of slope, in order, on the contrary, to increase the speed of the flow.
• A mine that includes multi-stage drops.

In this regard, slowing down the flow rate is the main purpose of the differential shaft.

Overflow type wells

Overflow sewer well devices are called differently overflow septic tanks. Essentially, these are several storage tanks that are connected to each other through overflow pipes in the upper part.

The main purpose of such a structure is to collect sewage. In this case, insoluble contaminants accumulate at the bottom of the first tank. After this, the purified liquid is sent through inclined pipes to the next storage tank.

The system provides for the separation of solid and liquid phases of sewage. A main feature overflow wells is that they do not require auxiliary equipment and electricity.

Cumulative type

Such structures are essentially containers for collecting and storing drained water. Subsequently, it is pumped out with pumps, or special vacuum trucks can be used for the work.

Among other types and devices of sewer wells, this option is more preferable for private suburban areas. This is especially an advantageous solution when central system located too far away or completely absent. Based on volume, such structures can be made of different materials. But most often these are reinforced concrete rings, large plastic containers, or it can simply be a monolithic concrete structure.

If the amount of wastewater is small, then this option of installing a plastic container is completely justified. The cost of the tank is not very high, and its installation can be done independently. In addition, there is no need to involve a professional team along with specialized equipment. It is enough to enlist the support of your friends, which will significantly simplify the task, since it will be difficult to cope alone.

Filtration variety

Another type and design of a sewer well that is worthy of attention. Filtration structures or shafts can be either open or closed type. Moreover, both options are intended for the separation of wastewater, and they also allow you to separate large debris and heavy substances from the water itself.

An open mine is a structure for the manufacture of which perforated concrete blocks. Meanwhile, the liquid goes into the ground through special holes. As for heavy substances, they remain in such a structure and are then removed using special equipment and sent for disposal or burial.

List of rules and requirements

The planning and construction of sewerage systems is regulated by special rules and regulations, as well as regulations (SNiP). In this case, the most important point is the distance between sewer wells. The dimensions of the pipeline depend on this parameter.

In other words, if the pipe has a diameter of 150 mm, then the step between the wells should be 35 meters. With a diameter of 200 mm, the step is correspondingly different - 50 meters. Similar requirements are given in another, no less important document - technological map for the installation of sewer wells.

In fact, the SNiP requirements for the construction of sewer wells are a kind of instruction that sets out the rules for installing sewer lines. Also, such a document contains technical requirements that apply to various designs wells, taking into account sanitary and technical safety standards.

The fundamental requirements of SNiP can be considered:

• Wells should be located away from sources of drinking water and other water supply systems.
• The mines must be at a certain distance from residential buildings and neighboring areas.
• The volume of the well should be regulated by the number of people living, as well as the average volume of wastewater over a certain period of time.
• The depth of the pit for installing the tank should be within 2.5 meters, no more. As for its diameter, it should exceed the dimensions of the structure itself by no more than 0.5 meters.
• If the site has a high groundwater level, then according to SNiP, the construction of a sewer well must include waterproofing.
• The bottom of the pit should be covered with a sand cushion at least 100 mm thick.
• Directly between the bottom of the tank and the bottom of the pipe there should be a gap of 600 mm.

The installation of a concrete sewer well is regulated by GOST. While for the installation of communications made of plastic and polymers, a reference to the technical specifications is responsible. Concrete or stone structures can be prefabricated or monolithic. Filter structures are built mainly from rubble stone. Concerning polymer materials, then for sewer systems it is permissible to use polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, and dense polyethylene.

Modern communications, which are installed in urban construction or the private sector, can combine elements from different materials. Such decisions do not contradict building regulations.

Features of different types of wells

In accordance with the same norms and rules (SNiP), the construction of a sewer well must take into account the installation features of each type, based on their purpose and the materials used. The filter well is designed to clean wastewater from harmful impurities. To do this, the bottom of the collector must be covered with crushed stone, and the layer thickness is at least 1000 mm. After this, only its perimeter should be filled with concrete mortar. This will avoid the destruction of the base and the removal of water through the center of the circle, where, in fact, drainage and cleaning are carried out.

The inspection well is usually constructed from a pipe with a diameter of 460 mm. This size will allow you to clean the tank with a hose. If there is a need to descend into the internal cavity of the structure, then the diameter of the pipe must be at least 925 mm. If an inspection collector is being built on an area where there is no road surface, a blind area is required to drain wastewater. With a high-quality road surface, installation can be carried out 70 mm above the soil surface.

According to SNiP, a storage-type sewer well should be installed in a low-lying area to facilitate the flow of water into the reservoir. The structure is located at a depth of 3000 to 6500 mm, and the number of rings is no more than 7. Special recesses are made at the bottom of the tank, which are then filled with sand or crushed stone. The water from such a facility is quite suitable for domestic needs.

Plastic wells - a modern and profitable solution

In relation to a private suburban area, plastic wells are most suitable for arranging a well system. This choice is due to the presence of certain design features, which are also advantages. In particular, we are talking about the following:

• Replacement of the bottom tray.
• The connection of the pipes to the well structure is carried out using a seamless method. Due to this, a high degree of tightness is achieved. In this regard, the scope of work on sealing seams is significantly reduced.
• The construction of a plastic sewer well in a private house is more than justified, since the advantages of such structures in comparison with metal, concrete and ceramic analogues are quite obvious. They are most often used in the creation of urban communications.
• Manufacturers of plastic wells create all the necessary and favorable conditions. The pipes are created in such a way that the time for connecting pipes is noticeably reduced. In addition, such structures already initially have rubber seals at the pipe connection points. Using waterproofing materials provided reliable connection, which can last for several decades without leaking.
• The structure of the well itself is made seamless, which increases its tightness and also reduces the cost of installation work. Essentially, this is a pipe with large size, having a bottom, which has one or more inlet pipes.
• Well, in fact, without installing a sewer hatch, precipitation or foreign objects. In this regard, the lid is also made airtight.

In other words, plastic construction wells are an economical and environmentally friendly option when installing a sewer system. Using this product, you can monitor and maintain sanitary sewer networks.

Features of choosing a plastic well

With features plastic wells(they are also advantages) we have already familiarized ourselves, now it is necessary to consider the important basic factors that will allow us to do right choice the desired design.

In particular, it is necessary to pay attention to certain parameters.

• Diameter and height - the well design can be deep or wide. In this case, it is worth taking into account the features of the sewer system itself, including the location of the future structure in accordance with the rules for constructing sewer wells.
• Shape - usually most wells are cylindrical, but there may be other options. At the same time, the only type that is best not to be used for a storage structure is square tanks. Such wells have ribs, which is due to their peculiarity. In such places, sediment is deposited, and removing it is quite problematic, if not almost impossible.
• Displacement - this indicator also deserves attention. Taking into account average the amount of sewage during the day, as well as the volume of the storage tank, you can determine how often it will have to be pumped out with a sewer machine.
• Surface type - smooth or corrugated. Both have their advantages and disadvantages. As an example, the corrugated type of surface has greater elasticity and can withstand greater pressure than the regular type. At the same time, dirt often accumulates in existing small recesses, and it is very difficult to remove it from there.
• Wall thickness - this parameter is important in the device concrete tray in a sewer well. It can vary over a fairly wide range. But the thicker the walls of the well, the higher its strength characteristics. But there is also a flip side to the coin - an increase in thickness inevitably leads to an increase in the mass and cost of the structure.

In addition, you can take a closer look at what type of plastic is used in the production of a particular well. This point is not so significant, but certain performance properties depend on it.

Wells made of reinforced concrete rings

Such structures are in great demand among most utilities involved in the maintenance and installation of underground pipelines. In addition, they are used in the construction of drainage and storm sewer systems and collectors. Is it worth mentioning that for a home sewer system on your private suburban area This perfect option? On top of everything else, of this material there are no analogues in its field.

Due to its high performance qualities, the technology for constructing a sewer well from concrete rings is suitable for implementation in any climatic zone. The wide range of applications of reinforced concrete rings, including their enormous popularity, is due to a rather impressive list of advantages:

• Affordable price.
• Installation can be carried out in a short period of time.
• Waterproofing is easy.
• High strength characteristics.
• Durability of the structure.
• The shapes are characterized by correct geometry.

In addition, the reinforced concrete rings fit quite tightly to each other, and the resulting gaps can be eliminated easily and quickly. Due to this, a high degree of sealing is achieved.

At the same time, the device b. sewer wells are not without their drawbacks, although, fortunately, there are not many of them:

• reinforced concrete rings are characterized by low resistance to splitting;
• in addition, the rings are prone to cracking;
• installation without the use of specialized equipment is simply impossible;
• Due to the large weight of the rings, the costs of delivery and installation increase.

At the same time, if you analyze all the pros and cons of such a structure, it becomes clear that this option largely justifies itself.

Technology for constructing a well from reinforced concrete rings

Erection of a structure on your site is a rather serious undertaking and therefore requires some preparation. The entire technology for constructing a sewer well from concrete rings can be divided into several steps.

• First, you need to draw up a drawing of a sewer system diagram, which should indicate the entire layout, including the location of the collector itself.
• The construction site is cleared of debris and foreign objects.
• On construction site it is necessary to organize a temporary road for the involved equipment.
• A pit and trench are being dug.
• The bottom of the pit is cleaned and leveled.

After this, you can proceed directly to constructing the well. To do this, you should arm yourself with the following algorithm, which is also divided into several important stages.

Step 1. It is necessary to remove the soil from the internal contour so that the structure can be leveled horizontally. To avoid errors, it is worth this process connect the level.

Step 2. Install the first ring, after which it is necessary to make holes in its walls that will be intended for pipes. In this case, they should be inserted into the ring itself at a distance of no more than 100 mm. The hole around the circumference of the pipes must be sealed with a solution.

Step 3. At this stage, a tray is installed in the sewer well (SNiP allows this and is even recommended). Otherwise it is called a gutter, which will be located from the entrance of the pipe to the exit. Its cross-section must correspond to the diameter of the pipes. The gutter can be made from part of a sewer pipe.

Step 4. Now another ring is installed, and you need to make sure that the locks on the inside are at the same level. All other reinforced concrete elements are installed in the same order.

Step 5. After installing the last ring, the bottom of the structure is concreted, and the joints of the rings are sealed using sand-cement mixture. The arrangement of a filtering septic tank at this stage looks a little different - instead of filling the bottom with concrete mortar, it is filled with crushed stone or crushed brick. The thickness of such a layer must be at least 500 mm.

Step 6. Now the entire structure is covered with a concrete slab with a hatch. Or, as an option, install a frame with a hole and fill it with concrete mixture.

Step 7. Upon completion of the installation of the structure, the technology for installing sewer wells involves laying a pipeline. This is done at a depth of 600-700 mm with a slope of 20 mm and meter increments.

Step 8. At this stage, the structure is tested throughout the day. This is done as follows - the collector is filled with water, and the ends of the pipes are closed with plugs.

Step 9. Upon completion of successful testing, the outer walls of the concrete tank are covered with earth and thoroughly compacted.

Step 10. We can say that this is the final stage in which concrete blind area around the neck. Its width is 1500 mm.

Tray in a sewer well

Trays in well construction are made to perform important tasks. They serve to monitor the performance of the sewer network and connected objects. In this case, this part can be formed before installing the first reinforced concrete ring, if this material was chosen for the well construction.

In accordance with SNiP, the installation of trays in sewer wells is usually made of concrete grade M-100 using formwork and subsequent mandatory reinforcement with steel mesh. Usually it takes about 2-3 days to strengthen it, and after this time you can proceed directly to the installation of the rings. Subsequently, it will be possible to finish the tray with plaster followed by ironing.

Preventive actions

The effective performance of the sewer system largely depends on the conditions of its operation, including prevention. This means pumping out and cleaning all elements, and this must be done regularly. The frequency of such procedures, in turn, is directly dependent on the type of structure, as well as the capacity of the reservoir.

If cleaning is carried out irregularly or is completely ignored, then after some time the accumulation of debris in the sewer system will inevitably lead to the formation of a blockage. Ultimately, this can cause the well to smell bad.

Even if the device is provided drain pump in a sewer well, this does not relieve it from regular cleaning, since silt and other debris collect at the bottom. Typically, this event should be held at least every 2 or 3 years.

How, exactly, is this procedure carried out? There are several ways to do this:

• Special equipment for sludge collection.
• Vacuum pumping.
• The hydrodynamic technique, in other words, is washing with water, which is supplied under strong pressure.
• Use of chemical reagents.
• The thermal method is practically the same as the hydrodynamic method, only in this case hot water is supplied.

To implement the first two methods, you must contact the sewer service.

The remaining techniques can be easily performed independently. Once the well is cleaned, manual processing is required. Only in this case can we talk about complete and effective prevention.

Finally, there are a few useful tips from people who can tell a lot about the construction of sewer wells.

Do not make the trench depth too large. In this case, there will be a need to add soil, and over time it tends to subsidence. For this reason, the highway may change its slope, which is undesirable.

To avoid damage to the pipeline, do not place hard objects under it during installation.

When choosing a site where a filtration or storage collector will be installed, it is necessary to provide for the access of equipment with which it will be cleaned.

Despite the fact that the well is essentially a wet structure, it is necessary to ensure its tightness. This measure is due to the fact that it eliminates the penetration of wastewater into environment. Waterproofing of areas connecting reinforced concrete rings can be done using special waterproof compounds.

As we know, the construction of a sewer well includes a waterproofing stage. And while a layer of appropriate material is being formed, it is necessary to exclude any impact low temperatures or mechanical load on its surface for 72 hours. During this time, these areas must be regularly moistened with a regular spray. In addition, it is recommended to cover the surface with a film, which will reduce moisture evaporation.

Sewage wells are an inseparable component of the drainage system. They are designed to collect wastewater, distribute pipeline junctions among discharge zones, and clean certain sections of the pipeline.

Types of sewer wells

A structure of this kind has its own purpose and method of construction. Sewage tanks differ in a number of ways.

By functional purpose

There are several types of wells:

1. Cumulative. This is a more modern and environmentally friendly option for a waste pit. It carries out fractionation of wastewater and sewage. Liquid and light particles are directed to the filter, and heavy particles fall to the bottom of the storage tank. The volume of the structure is 2-50 thousand liters and depends on the amount of water used. It must be installed at the lowest point of the site, which ensures correct angle tilting of sewer pipes.
2. Filtering. The structure is designed to discharge wastewater into the soil. The well design has no bottom. The installation of filter collectors is allowed only on sandy and sandy-clayey soils. As a rule, wells are made from. Sand, crushed stone and special materials can serve as a filter.
3. Lookout. Used for periodic inspection and convenient cleaning of the drainage system on small areas, where the direction, slope or diameter of the pipes changes, in connection areas. Unlike other varieties treatment facilities, presented in the form of a pipe or collector, the inspection tank is an open container. It is mounted in a straight line in increments of 15 meters, while the initial well is placed at a distance from the house no closer than 3 meters and no further than 12 meters.
4. Turning. The structure is intended for areas with a branched drainage pipeline, as well as in cases where the angle of rotation on the pipeline exceeds 90 degrees. This is due to the lack of possibility of constructing a continuous straight section from a residential building to a storage septic tank. Rotary collectors must be erected at each bend of the laid pipe. This design can be used as an inspection septic tank, which makes it quite easy to clean a certain section of the pipeline through it.
5. Perepadny. Used in areas with large elevation differences. In this case, the inlet pipe is placed much higher than the outlet pipe. The design of the septic tank has a drop, which is a vertical pipe going into the well, which is connected to the inlet. The lowering is attached to the tank wall using clamps. The length of this element depends on the difference in the area. On the reverse side of the lowering, a 45 degree bend is installed.

By materials used

Collectors are made from various materials:

1. Reinforced concrete. The structures are durable and resistant to negative impact chemical compounds, sufficient ease of installation. In addition, they are heavy and different diameters rings The products are used for constructing septic tanks of filtering, storage and inspection types. Suitable for installation in any type of soil.
2. Brick. For the construction of the collector, clay waterproof bricks are often used. Brick can be used to build structures of square, rectangular or round shape.
3. Plastic. Structures made of polyethylene are characterized by high strength, tightness, wear resistance, as well as ease of installation and relatively low cost. They are used for installing rotary, differential and inspection septic tanks.

Rules and requirements

The process of planning and construction of sewer systems is carried out by Special Rules and Regulations (SNiP), regulating certain requirements, the main of which are:

1. Structures should be located away from from drinking water sources and plumbing systems.
2. Collectors should be installed at a distance from residential buildings and nearby areas.
3. The volumes of the tanks must correspond to the number of people living in the house and the average volume of wastewater for a certain time period.
4. The depth of the pit for the tank should not exceed 2.5 meters, and its diameter should be half a meter larger than the diameter of the structure.
5. The need for waterproofing at high groundwater levels.
6. The bottom of the pit is mandatory covered with a sand cushion 10 cm high.
7. Between the bottom of the tank and the bottom of the pipe It is necessary to provide a gap of 60 cm.

Construction of a sewer well

Preparatory work

Preparation for the construction of sewer septic tanks consists of several stages:

• drawing up a drawing of a sewerage diagram with marking of the installation location of the collector, layout of the site;
• cleaning the construction site;
• organization of a temporary road for equipment at the construction site;
• digging a pit and trench;
• cleaning and leveling the bottom of the pit.

Construction of a stone well

The construction of a septic tank from reinforced concrete rings is carried out as follows:

Let's consider the technology of building a brick collector:

1. A pit is being dug, at the bottom of which formwork is installed. and filled with a mortar of cement, sand and crushed stone 20 cm high.
2. Allow the solution to harden for 7 days, while periodically sprinkling with water.
3. After the mortar has hardened, start laying brick walls using cement mixture.
4. The erected walls are plastered sand-cement mortar.
5. Without waiting for the solution to completely harden, iron the surface by rubbing a thin layer of dry cement into the plaster.
6. The collector bottom is formed depending on its purpose.
7. Waterproofing in progress plastered layer.
8. Cover the inner walls septic tank with mastic or bitumen.
9. Form holes for pipes.
10. The pipes are started, and the resulting gaps sealed with sealant.
11. Filling the space between the pit and the walls of the well with soil and compacted thoroughly.
12. Cover the collector with a hatch.

The construction of a well from natural stone is carried out according to a similar scheme. Difficulties in the process of its construction arise due to the unequal size and shape of the stones. Therefore, arranging the collector requires much more time and solution consumption.

Features of well construction

When building a septic tank, it is important to take into account the installation features of each, depending on their purpose and material of manufacture.

The peculiarity of a filter well is that its main task is to clean wastewater from harmful impurities. To accomplish this task, the bottom of the collector is covered with crushed stone about 1 meter high. In this case, the bottom is not completely filled with concrete, but only along the perimeter. This prevents the destruction of the base and the release of water through the center of the circle in which drainage and cleaning occur.

To build an inspection well, it is customary to use a pipe with a diameter of 46 cm. This pipe size makes it possible, if necessary, to clean the structure with water using a hose. If you need to go down into the tank, the diameter of the pipe must exceed 92.5 cm.

When constructing an inspection collector on an area without a road surface, an additional blind area is required, which facilitates the drainage of wastewater. If the road surface is of high quality, installation is carried out 7 cm above the ground surface.

Storage tanks are installed in the lowlands of the site to ensure water flows into the well. The structure is placed at a depth of 3-6.5 meters; no more than 7 rings are used during construction. Special depressions are made at the bottom, which are filled with sand or crushed stone. Water from the reservoir can be used for domestic needs.

1. It is not recommended to make the trench depth too large, because you will need to add soil, which will subside over time. As a result, the highway may change the correct slope.
2. To avoid damage to the pipeline under the pipes during their installation It is forbidden to place hard objects.
3. Choosing a site for the construction of a filtration or storage manifold, it is necessary to provide for the possibility of equipment access to clean the structure.
4. Contrary to what sewer septic tank is a wet type of well, its tightness must be ensured.
5. This is necessary in order to minimize the penetration of wastewater into the environment. To waterproof the ring joint areas, special waterproof compounds are used.